Architecture-Aware Augmentation: A Hybrid Deep Learning and Machine Learning Approach for Enhanced Parkinson's Disease Detection.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions worldwide. Early detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Spiral drawing analysis has emerged as a non-invasive tool to detect early motor impairments associated with PD.

Extra-corporeal detoxification in insects.

Upon uptake of toxins, insects launch a detoxification program. This program is deployed in multiple organs and cells to raise their tolerance against the toxin. The molecular mechanisms of this program inside the insect body have been studied and understood in detail.

Prevalence and predictive risk factors of self-stigmatization in patients with rare diseases: Based on health ecology model.

Background And Aims: Given the cause of self-stigmatization of patients with rare diseases is complicated, and the self-stigmatization can be prevented by managing the related risk factors. This study aimed to report the prevalence as well as influencing factors associated with self-stigmatization in patients with rare diseases.

Methods: From January to April 2022, the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method was used to select patients with rare diseases through the Chinese Organization for Rare Disorders as the subjects.

Prophylactic antibiotics on patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different prophylactic antibiotic treatments for cirrhosis patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and to investigate whether prophylactic antibiotics are equally beneficial to reducing the risk of adverse outcomes in A/B with low Child-Pugh scores.

Methods: Relevant studies were searched via PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), Wanfang, and VIP databases up to July 16, 2021. The heterogeneity test was conducted for each outcome measuring by I2 statistics.

Remote ischemic postconditioning protects against crush-induced acute kidney injury via down-regulation of apoptosis and senescence.

Background: Acute renal failure due to crush syndrome is one of the leading causes of death in disasters. Ischemic Postconditioning (IPC) is a potentially effective strategy to protect against ischemic reperfusion injury, but a few studies noted its protective effect in crush induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Hence, this study investigated the optimal IPC strategy to prevent crush induced AKI and reveal related cellular mechanisms.

Antigen epitope-TLR7/8a conjugate as self-assembled carrier-free nanovaccine for personalized immunotherapy.

Epitope-based vaccine is a promising personalized cancer immunotherapy; however, a simple and effective approach for its bulk manufacturing is challenging. Current vaccination strategies complicate the process by introducing unnecessary components such as additional delivery carriers, and assembly units. Herein, a type of toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist-epitope conjugate (termed as TLR7/8a-epitope) has been developed as a self-assembled and carrier-free nano vaccine platform, which effectively introduces the antigen and adjuvant with maximum precision, resulting in significantly enhanced dendritic cells (DCs) activation through the MyD88-dependent TLR signaling pathway.

Regional cerebral gray matter atrophy is associated with cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional and longitudinal voxel-based morphological MRI study.

This study aimed to explore gray matter volume (GMV) changes in patients undergoing hemodialysis and assess the clinical risk factors associated with GMV changes and the relationship between GMV changes and neuropsychologic test results. Eighty-eight hemodialysis patients and 76 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study. Fifty patients underwent follow-up examinations (follow-up duration: 1.

Impacts of lipopolysaccharide on fetal lung developmental maturity and surfactant protein B and surfactant protein C protein expression in gestational diabetes mellitus rats.

The rise of bioinformatics based on computer medicine provides a new method to reveal the complex biological data. This experiment is to explore the impacts of lipopolysaccharide on fetal lung developmental maturity and expressions of lung surfactant protein B (SP-B) and lung surfactant protein C (SP-C) in rats with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), thereby discussing the mechanism of developmental disorders in rats. Forty-eight conceived female rats were experimental subjects.

Visualization of lenticulostriate artery by intracranial dark-blood vessel wall imaging and its relationships with lacunar infarction in basal ganglia: a retrospective study.

Objectives: There is close relationship between lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) and lacunar infarctions (LIs) of the basal ganglia. The study aims to visualize the LSAs using high-resolution vessel wall imaging (VWI) on 3T system and explore the correlation between LSAs and LIs.

Methods: Fifty-six patients with LIs in basal ganglia, and 44 age-matched control patients were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively.

A retrospective validation study of sentinel lymph node mapping for high-risk endometrial cancer.

Objectives: To determine the feasibility and performance of sentinel lymph-node (SLN) mapping among women with high-risk endometrial cancer (EC).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-eight patients at high-risk EC were enrolled in this retrospective surgical trial from August 2016 to August 2018. All patients underwent intraoperative SLN biopsy, with ICG injection for laparoscopic staging; this was followed by pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy (LAD).

Mouse serum protects against total body irradiation-induced hematopoietic system injury by improving the systemic environment after radiation.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in total body irradiation (TBI)-induced hematopoietic system injury. However, the mechanisms involved in ROS production in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) post TBI need to be further explored. In this study, we demonstrated that hematopoietic system injury in mice radiated with TBI was effectively alleviated when the blood circulation environment was changed via the injection of serum from non-radiated mice.

Global Folding of a Na -Specific DNAzyme Studied by FRET.

Recently, a few RNA-cleaving DNAzymes have been isolated with excellent specificity for Na , and some of them contain a Na -binding aptamer. This metal recognition mechanism is different from that of most previously reported DNAzymes. When using 2-aminopurine (2AP) as a probe, interesting local folding induced by Na was recently observed.

Misfolding of a DNAzyme for ultrahigh sodium selectivity over potassium.

Herein, the excellent Na+ selectivity of a few RNA-cleaving DNAzymes was exploited, where Na+ can be around 3000-fold more effective than K+ for promoting catalysis. By using a double mutant based on the Ce13d DNAzyme, and by lowering the temperature, increased 2-aminopurine (2AP) fluorescence was observed with addition of both Na+ and K+. The fluorescence increase was similar for these two metals at below 10 mM, after which K+ took a different pathway.

[Finite element analysis of male lower urinary tract based on the collodion slice images].

Males typically have high rates of morbidity of primary bladder neck obstruction, while the existing urodynamic examination is invasive and more likely to cause false diagnosis. To build a non-invasive biomechanical detecting system for the male lower urinary tract, a finite element model for male lower urinary tract based on the collodion slice images of normal male lower urinary tract was constructed, and the fluid-structure interaction of the lower urinary tract was simulated based on the real urination environment. The finite element model of the lower urinary tract was validated by comparing the clinical experiment data with the simulation result.

[Over-expression of BDNF inhibits angiotensin II-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in SD rats].

Objective To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) against the process of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis. Methods Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were estabolished by angiotensin II (Ang II) in neonatal cardiomyocytes in vitro and incomplete ligature of abdominal aorta of SD rats in vivo. BDNF over-expressing recombinant vector pcDNA5-BDNF was transfected into cardiomyocytes by liposomes.

Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in coronary heart disease.

Background: To better understand the molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis, we conducted a comparative analysis of DNA methylation patterns in right coronary arteries in the area of advanced atherosclerotic plaques (CAP), great saphenous vein (GSV), and internal mammary artery (IMA) of patients affected by coronary heart disease.

Methods: DNA methylation data (accession number E‑GEOD-62867) were divided into three paired groups: CAP vs. IMA, CAP vs.

Effects of Insulin Plus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) in Treating Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Combination therapy with insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) has already been proven an efficient treatment option for type 2 diabetes. This combination can effectively improve glycated hemoglobin levels, cause weight loss and reduce the dosage of insulin. In addition, it can also reduce the risk of hypoglycemia.

Dispersion-Corrected Spin-Component-Scaled Double-Hybrid Density Functional Theory: Implementation and Performance for Non-covalent Interactions.

The implementation of 300 combinations of generalized gradient approximation/local density approximation exchange-correlation dispersion-corrected spin-component-scaled double-hybrid (DSD) density functional theory (DFT) methods has been carried out and the performance assessed against several DFT and post-Hartree-Fock methods, enabling further advancements toward the long-standing challenge of accurate prediction of interaction energies and associated properties. The resulting framework is flexible and has been further extended to include the resolution of identity (RI) approximation for solving the critical four-center two-electron repulsion integrals in the basis of the Kohn-Sham orbitals for cost effectiveness. To evaluate the performance of this set of new cost-effective methods, denoted as RI-DSD-DFTs, seven validation data sets were designed to cover a broad range of non-covalent interactions with characteristic stabilizing contributions.

Targeting fatty acid synthase with ASC-J9 suppresses proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells.

Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is the key enzyme for the control of fatty acid synthesis that contributes significantly to the prostate cancer (PCa) progression. It was reported that androgens were able to induce FASN expression in PCa, and addition of the anti-androgen Casodex might suppress the androgen-induced FASN expression. However, here we found androgen-deprivation-therapy (ADT) with anti-androgens Bicalutamide (Casodex) or Enzalutamide (MDV3100) had little effect to suppress FASN expression and FASN-mediated cell growth and invasion during the castration resistant stage when the androgen concentration is 1 nM DHT (dihydrotestosterone).

A Comparative Study of Transvaginal Repair and Laparoscopic Repair in the Management of Patients With Previous Cesarean Scar Defect.

Study Objective: The study objective was to compare transvaginal intervention and laparoscopic repair for correcting the uterine defect in patients with previous cesarean scar defect (PCSD).

Design: Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification).

Setting: Previous studies have reported that transvaginal surgery and laparoscopic surgery are available treatment options for patients with PCSD.

Effect of high mobility group box 1 on the human retinal pigment epithelial cell in high-glucose condition.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a prevalent complication of diabetes and one of the leading causes of blindness among working-age adults. However, the detailed molecular mechanism of the development of DR was still unclear by now. HMGB1 is a non-histone DNA-binding protein and serves as a structural component to facilitate the assembly of nucleoprotein complexes in the nucleus.

Regulation of the Lactobacillus Strains on HMGCoA Reductase Gene Transcription in Human HepG2 Cells via Nuclear Factor-κB.

Lactic acid bacteria have been identified to be effective in reducing cholesterol levels. Most of the mechanistic studies were focused on the bile salt deconjugation ability of bile salt hydrolase in lactic acid bacteria. However, the mechanism by which Lactobacillus decreases cholesterol levels has not been thoroughly studied in intact primate cells.

Application of two oriented partial differential equation filtering models on speckle fringes with poor quality and their numerically fast algorithms.

In this paper, we are concerned with denoising in experimentally obtained electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) speckle fringe patterns with poor quality. We extend the application of two existing oriented partial differential equation (PDE) filters, including the second-order single oriented PDE filter and the double oriented PDE filter, to two experimentally obtained ESPI speckle fringe patterns with very poor quality, and compare them with other efficient filtering methods, including the adaptive weighted filter, the improved nonlinear complex diffusion PDE, and the windowed Fourier transform method. All of the five filters have been illustrated to be efficient denoising methods through previous comparative analyses in published papers.

Variational image decomposition for automatic background and noise removal of fringe patterns.

In optical metrology, state of the art algorithms for background and noise removal of fringe patterns are based on space-frequency analysis. In this Letter, an approach based on variational image decomposition is proposed to remove background and noise from a fringe pattern simultaneously. In the proposed method, a fringe image is directly decomposed into three components: a first one containing background, a second one fringes, and a third one noise, which are described in different function spaces and are solved by minimization of the functional.

Overview of anisotropic filtering methods based on partial differential equations for electronic speckle pattern interferometry.

In this paper, we first present the general description for partial differential equations (PDEs) based image processing methods, including the basic idea, the main advantages and disadvantages, a few representative PDE models, and the derivation of PDE models. Then we review our contributions on PDE-based anisotropic filtering methods for electronic speckle pattern interferometry, including the second-order, fourth-order, and coupled nonoriented PDE filtering models and the second-order and coupled nonlinear oriented PDE filtering models. We have summarized the features of each model.