Epidemiology of drug arrests in the United States: Evidence from the national survey on drug use and health, 2015-2019.

Objective: Following changes to drug criminalization policies, we re-examine the epidemiology of drug arrests among people who use drugs (PWUD) in the U.S.

Methods: Serial cross-sectional data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2015-2019) were utilized.

Bacterial and Fungal Gut Dysbiosis and Clostridium difficile in COVID-19: A Review.

Background: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), related to infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) of intestinal cells through the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in the brush border. Also, patients are treated with multiple antibiotics. Therefore, an increase in gut dysbiosis and in the prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is expected in patients with COVID-19.

A Multiple Goals Approach to Exploring Social Worker Conversational Plans for Advance Care Treatment with Terminally Ill Patients.

Social workers play an integral role in end-of-life planning and patient outcomes, and yet how social workers approach such conversations with patients is not well understood. The current study employed a cross-sectional design to examine social worker planned communication about end-of-life care using a multiple goals framework. Recruited from online listservs, a content analysis was conducted with social worker curated plans ( = 20) for end-of-life conversations.

Community engagement as a foundation for improving neighborhood health.

Objective: Health inequities and disparities are associated with non-White race/ethnicity, immigrant status, income, and geographic location. Community engagement is essential to identify health and social needs and to plan health care and social services programs. To begin a larger community-based participatory study, the purpose of this study was to explore community residents' perceptions of barriers and facilitators to achieving and maintaining health.

What do implicit measures measure?

We identify several ongoing debates related to implicit measures, surveying prominent views and considerations in each. First, we summarize the debate regarding whether performance on implicit measures is explained by conscious or unconscious representations. Second, we discuss the cognitive structure of the operative constructs: are they associatively or propositionally structured? Third, we review debates about whether performance on implicit measures reflects traits or states.

Original research: Giving sexual assault survivors time to decide: an exploration of the use and effects of the nonreport option.

Background: Forensic nurses, sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs), and victim advocates have long recognized the trauma of sexual assault crimes and the significance of survivors' decisions around reporting these crimes to law enforcement agencies. Until recently, survivors who didn't report the crime were not entitled to a free medical forensic examination. In a significant policy shift, the Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005 provided an additional decision option with regard to the medical examination for survivors of sexual assault.