48,476 results match your criteria: "University of Texas Houston Medical School; M.[Affiliation]"

More than 470 million people globally are infected with the hookworms Ancylostoma ceylanicum and Necator americanus, resulting in an annual loss of 2.1 to 4 million disability-adjusted-life-years. Current infection management approaches are limited by modest drug efficacy, the costs associated with frequent mass drug administration campaigns, and the risk of reinfection and burgeoning drug resistance.

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Characterization of Tumor Antigens from Multi-omics Data: Computational Approaches and Resources.

Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics

January 2025

Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Tumor-specific antigens, also known as neoantigens, have potential utility in anti-cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), neoantigen-specific T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T), chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T), and therapeutic cancer vaccines (TCVs). After recognizing presented neoantigens, the immune system becomes activated and triggers the death of tumor cells. Neoantigens may be derived from multiple origins, including somatic mutations (single nucleotide variants, insertion/deletions, and gene fusions), circular RNAs, alternative splicing, RNA editing, and polymorphic microbiome.

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Adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of acute lymphoblastic or myeloid leukemia diagnosed between the ages of 15 and 39 years are at risk for adverse late health effects following cancer treatment and require ongoing survivorship care. This study aims to understand the landscape of transitioning AYAs with leukemia from active treatment to survivorship care. A cross-sectional, anonymous online survey was sent out via listserv/email.

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Extracellular vesicle-mediated VEGF-A mRNA delivery rescues ischaemic injury with low immunogenicity.

Eur Heart J

January 2025

School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 2199 Lishui Rd, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518055, China.

Background And Aims: Lackluster results from recently completed gene therapy clinical trials of VEGF-A delivered by viral vectors have heightened the need to develop alternative delivery strategies. This study aims to demonstrate the pre-clinical efficacy and safety of extracellular vesicles (EVs) loaded with VEGF-A mRNA for the treatment of ischaemic vascular disease.

Methods: After encapsulation of full-length VEGF-A mRNA into fibroblast-derived EVs via cellular nanoporation (CNP), collected VEGF-A EVs were delivered into mouse models of ischaemic injury.

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Introduction: Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary tract (SCNEC-URO) has an inferior prognosis compared to conventional urothelial carcinoma (UC). Here, we evaluate the predictors and patterns of relapse after surgery.

Materials And Methods: We identified a definitive-surgery cohort (n = 224) from an institutional database of patients with cT1-T4NxM0 SCNEC-URO treated in 1985-2021.

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Headaches are among the most prevalent medical complaints globally. Occipital neuralgia is a chronic headache disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral severe pain originating in the neck or skull base and radiating up along the occipital nerve distribution. Effective treatment options for occipital neuralgia can be challenging and some patients may prove to be refractory to conventional medical and interventional therapies.

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Background: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is one of the most feared complications in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Animal models are crucial to studying the disease mechanisms and potential treatments. DCI in rodents was thought to not exist; herein we examine literature and our experience with DCI in rodents.

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Background: Huntington disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder. Given the focus on motor manifestations, nonmotor symptoms are frequently underappreciated in clinical evaluations, despite frequently contributing to primary functional impairment.

Recent Findings: A diagnosis of motor-onset as the definition of manifest symptoms misrepresents the complex nature of HD presentation.

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Background And Objectives: Neurosarcoidosis poses a diagnostic and management challenge due to its rarity, phenotypic variability, and lack of randomized controlled studies to guide treatment selection. Recommendations for management based on expert opinion are useful in clinical practice and provide a framework for designing prospective studies.

Methods: In this Delphi survey study, specialists with experience in managing patients with neurosarcoidosis were invited to anonymously complete 2 surveys about key elements of evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and long-term management of neurosarcoidosis.

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Background: Nonthermal, pulsed shortwave (radiofrequency) therapy (PSWT) is a nonpharmacologic, noninvasive modality that limited evidence suggests provides analgesia. Its potential favorable risk-benefit ratio stems from its lack of side effects and significant medical risks, applicability to any anatomic location, long treatment duration, and ease of application by simply affixing it with tape. Even with a relatively small treatment effect, PSWT might contribute to a multimodal analgesic regimen, similar to acetaminophen.

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Background: The use of advanced diagnostic methods, such as high-resolution CT or PET-CT scans, are limited in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). In gastric cancer, occult peritoneal disease may be present in up to 20% of cases, limiting the benefits of surgical resection. Accurate staging of gastric cancer is essential to ensure optimal patient management and prevent undue morbidity from unnecessary surgery.

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Advancing precision psychiatry and targeted treatments: Insights from immunopsychiatry.

Brain Behav Immun

January 2025

Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM U955, IMRB, Translational NeuroPsychiatry Laboratory, Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France. Electronic address:

Despite tremendous advancements in neuroscience, there has been limited impact on patient care. Current psychiatric treatments are largely non-specific, and drug development is hindered by outdated, overinclusive diagnostic categories and a "one-size-fits-all" approach. Additionally, mechanisms underlying psychiatric illnesses and their treatments with conventional medications remain poorly understood.

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Development of a Treatment Decision Aid for Patients with Dysplastic Nevi Who Are Candidates for Re-Excision.

J Am Acad Dermatol

January 2025

Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Dermatology Section, Portland VA Medical Center, Portland. Electronic address:

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Background: The Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) is an international collaborative effort between scientists and clinicians, diagnostic and research laboratories as well as the patient community. Using a standardized framework, ClinGen has established guidelines to classify gene-disease relationships as Definitive, Strong, Moderate, and Limited based on available scientific and clinical evidence. When the genetic and functional evidence for a gene-disease relationship has conflicting interpretations or contradictory evidence, they can be Disputed or Refuted.

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The Role of Hospital Performance on Race and Ethnicity Outcome Disparities for US Non-Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests.

Resuscitation

January 2025

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA; Texas Emergency Medicine Research Center, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX. Electronic address:

Background: Factors contributing to worse outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) from minoritized communities are poorly understood. We sought to evaluate the impact of receiving hospital performance on OHCA outcome disparities.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of non-traumatic OHCAs from the National Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival from 2013-2022 that survived hospital admission.

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Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a severe iatrogenic disease characterized by bone death after radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck. With over 9 published definitions and at least 16 classification systems, the true incidence and severity of ORNJ are obscured by lack of a standard for disease definition and severity assessment, leading to inaccurate estimation of incidence, reporting ambiguity, and likely under-diagnosis worldwide. This study aimed to achieve consensus on an explicit definition and phenotype of ORNJ and related precursor states through data standardization to facilitate effective diagnosis, monitoring, and multidisciplinary management of ORNJ.

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Background: Limited data exist on the long-term impact of beta-blocker therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of early beta-blocker initiation vs no initiation following PCI in patients with stable CAD and preserved LVEF.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study employed target trial emulation and incident user design, utilizing the TriNetx database (2009-2024).

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Creating an ontology is the essential step in natural language processing (NLP). To improve patient safety in this era of generative AI, it is crucial to develop a standards-driven, ontology-based architecture for patient safety that can seamlessly integrate with health systems, thereby facilitating effective detection and monitoring potentially preventable harms in healthcare. This visionary, whole-system approach to patient safety addresses a significant gap in establishing resilient safety systems within the healthcare sector.

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Pharmacologic Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in Older Adults.

Drugs Aging

January 2025

Program for the Care and Study of the Aging Heart, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 420 East 70th St, New York, NY, LH-36510063, USA.

There are several pharmacologic agents that have been touted as guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, it is important to recognize that older adults with HFpEF also contend with an increased risk for adverse effects from medications due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications, as well as the concurrence of geriatric conditions such as polypharmacy and frailty. With this review, we discuss the underlying evidence for the benefits of various treatments in HFpEF and incorporate key considerations for older adults, a subpopulation that may be at higher risk for adverse drug events.

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Despite the study of BCR::ABL1-positive and -negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) providing seminal insights into cancer biology, tumor evolution and precision oncology over the past half century, significant challenges remain. MPNs are clonal hematopoietic stem cell-derived neoplasms with heterogenous clinical phenotypes and a clonal architecture which impacts the often-complex underlying genetics and microenvironment. The major driving molecular abnormalities have been well characterized, but debate on their role as disease-initiating molecular lesions continues.

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New onset refractory status epilepticus: Long-term outcomes beyond seizures.

Epilepsia

January 2025

Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

We propose and prioritize important outcome domains that should be considered for future research investigating long-term outcomes (LTO) after new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). The study was led by the international NORSE Institute LTO Working Group. First, literature describing the LTO of NORSE survivors was identified using a PubMed search and summarized to identify knowledge gaps.

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Background: With early detection and improvements in systemic and local therapies, millions of people are surviving cancer, but for some at a high cost. In some cancer types, cardiovascular disease now competes with recurrent cancer as the cause of death. Traditional care models, in which the cardiologist or oncologist assess patients individually, do not address complex cancer and cardiovascular needs.

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