Spasticity Treatment Beyond Botulinum Toxins.

Botulinum toxin (BonT) is the mainstream treatment option for post-stroke spasticity. BoNT therapy may not be adequate in those with severe spasticity. There are a number of emerging treatment options for spasticity management.

Advanced Interventional Treatments in Retinoblastoma Management: A Comprehensive Review.

Retinoblastoma is the most common eye malignancy in children that if left untreated can invade intraocular structures, metastasize, and rarely lead to death. Traditionally treated with systemic chemotherapy, Intra-arterial chemotherapy is gaining popularity as it allows for the direct administration of chemotherapy through the ophthalmic artery, thus reducing systemic side effects. Intra-arterial chemotherapy procedures have evolved, with refinements to reduce risks and radiation exposure.

Comparative effectiveness research trial for antidepressant incomplete and non-responders with treatment resistant depression (ASCERTAIN-TRD) a randomized clinical trial.

Further research is needed to help improve both the standard of care and the outcome for patients with treatment-resistant depression. A particularly critical evidence gap exists with respect to whether pharmacological or non-pharmacological augmentation is superior to antidepressant switch, or vice-versa. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of augmentation with aripiprazole or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus switching to the antidepressant venlafaxine XR (or duloxetine for those not eligible to receive venlafaxine) for treatment-resistant depression.

Resuscitation and Care in the Trauma Bay.

Start balanced resuscitation early (pre-hospital if possible), either in the form of whole blood or 1:1:1 ratio. Minimize resuscitation with crystalloid to minimize patient morbidity and mortality. Trauma-induced coagulopathy can be largely avoided with the use of balanced resuscitation, permissive hypotension, and minimized time to hemostasis.

Effect of different palatal expanders with miniscrews in surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion: A non-linear finite element analysis.

Introduction: Surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) has been the treatment of choice in subjects presenting skeletally mature sutures.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze stress distribution and displacement of the craniofacial and dentoalveolar structures resulting from three types of palatal expanders with surgical assistance using a non-linear finite element analysis.

Material And Methods: Three different palatal expanders were designed: Model-I (tooth-bone-borne type containing four miniscrews), Model-II (tooth-bone-borne type containing two miniscrews), and Model-III (bone-borne type containing four miniscrews).

A guideline on the molecular ecosystem regulating ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, an intricately regulated form of cell death characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, has garnered substantial interest since this term was first coined in 2012. Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in elucidating the detailed molecular mechanisms that govern ferroptosis induction and defence, with particular emphasis on the roles of heterogeneity and plasticity. In this Review, we discuss the molecular ecosystem of ferroptosis, with implications that may inform and enable safe and effective therapeutic strategies across a broad spectrum of diseases.

Pacemaker implantation after concomitant tricuspid valve repair in patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery: Results from the Mini-Mitral International Registry.

Objective: Randomized evidence suggests a high risk of pacemaker implantation for patients undergoing mitral valve (MV) surgery with concomitant tricuspid valve repair (cTVR). We investigated the impact of cTVR on outcomes in the Mini-Mitral International Registry.

Methods: From 2015 to 2021, 7513 patients underwent minimally invasive MV with or without cTVR in 17 international centers (MV: n = 5609, cTVR: n = 1113).

From primary myelofibrosis to chronic myeloid leukemia, + B-Lymphoblastic leukemia, and back to primary myelofibrosis: An illustration of dynamic clonal evolution.

The simultaneous detection of :: and V617F was rarely reported and their clonal relationship and dynamic clonal shift were not characterized. Here, we described a unique case with the initial presentation as V617F+ primary myelofibrosis, followed by the emergence of + chronic myeloid leukemia. The patient then developed B-lymphoblastic leukemia.

Efficacy and manageable safety of tagraxofusp in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: a case series of pediatric and adolescent/young adult patients.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) predominantly occurs in adults ≥60 years old; 10-20% of cases are pediatric or adolescent/young adult (AYA) patients. Tagraxofusp (TAG, Elzonris) is the only approved treatment for BPDCN; in the United States it is approved for patients aged ≥2 years. Data on treating pediatric and AYA BPDCN patients are limited.

Patterns and assessment of spastic hemiplegic gait.

Hemiparetic gait disorders are common in stroke survivors. A circumductory gait is often considered the typical hemiparetic gait. In clinical practice, a wide spectrum of abnormal gait patterns is observed, depending on the severity of weakness and spasticity, and the anatomical distribution of spasticity.

Neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy and lymphadenectomy for penile cancer: an international, multi-institutional, real-world study.

Introduction: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advance penile squamous cell carcinoma for which current evidence is lacking.

Methods: Included patients had locally advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma with clinical lymph node metastasis treated with at least 1 dose of neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to planned consolidative lymphadenectomy. Objective response rates were assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.

Hypertension in Pregnancy Among Immigrant and Swedish Women: A Cohort Study of All Pregnant Women in Sweden.

Background: Little is known about risks of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in both first- and second-generation immigrant women in Europe and other Western countries; such knowledge may help elucidate the influence of genetic versus social factors on such risks. We aimed to study both first- and second-generation immigrant women for the presence of all types of hypertension (preexisting hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia) during pregnancy.

Methods And Results: A cohort study was conducted using data derived from the Swedish National Birth Register, the National Patient Register, and the Total Population Register.

Assessing the Readability of Online English and Spanish Language Patient Education Resources Provided by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons, and American Society of Reconstructive Microsurgeons.

Introduction: The National Institutes of Health recommends that patient education materials (PEMs) be written at the sixth grade level. However, PEMs online are still generally difficult to read. The usefulness of online PEMs depends on their comprehensibility.

Missed opportunities for prenatal family-centered care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of COVID-19 on fatherhood experiences during pregnancy.

Methods: A semi-structured interview guide was developed to collect qualitative data from fathers about their experiences in pregnancy and prenatal care, how they communicated with providers, strategies for information seeking, and social support they received during the pregnancy. One-time, virtual interviews were conducted via Zoom with fathers that were either expecting a baby or fathers who had a baby after March 2020 and were 18 years or older.

Co-Occurrence of Gram-Negative Rods in Patients with Hematologic Malignancy and Sinopulmonary Mucormycosis.

Both Mucorales and Gram-negative rods (GNRs) commonly infect patients with hematological malignancies (HM); however, their co-occurrence is understudied. Therefore, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 63 patients with HM and proven or probable sinopulmonary mucormycosis at MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, Texas) from 2000-2020. Seventeen out of sixty-three reviewed patients (27.

Pilot Implementation of a Nutrition-Focused Community-Health-Worker Intervention among Formerly Chronically Homeless Adults in Permanent Supportive Housing.

Food insecurity is a known health equity threat for formerly chronically homeless populations even after they transition into permanent housing. This project utilized a human-centered design methodology to plan and implement a nutrition-focused community-health-worker (CHW) intervention in permanent supportive housing (PSH). The project aimed to increase access to healthy foods, improve nutritional literacy, healthy cooking/eating practices, and build community/social connectedness among 140 PSH residents.

Deep Learning Provides Rapid Screen for Breast Cancer Metastasis with Sentinel Lymph Nodes.

Objective: Deep learning has been shown to be useful in detecting breast cancer metastases by analyzing whole slide images (WSI) of sentinel lymph nodes; however, it requires extensive analysis of all the lymph node slides. Our deep learning study attempts to provide a rapid screen for metastasis by analyzing only a small set of image patches to detect changes in tumor environment.

Methods: We designed a convolutional neural network to build a diagnostic model for metastasis detection.

Efficacy of lenvatinib sorafenib in the primary treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Molecular-targeted agents such as lenvatinib and sorafenib have been approved to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the choice between these two agents in the primary treatment for advanced HCC is still under debate with conflicting results. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of lenvatinib and sorafenib in patients with HCC.