Exploring the Utility of Optoacoustic Imaging in Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Breast Masses: Gen 2 Study.

Rationale And Objectives: The combination of functional biologic data and imaging appearance has the potential to add diagnostic information to help the radiologist evaluate breast masses in an efficient, effective, and cost-conscious manner. This is the first clinical evaluation of the Gen 2(Model 9100, 8101) Imagio® System to assess image quality with both the stand-alone internal ultrasound (IUS), ultrasound-only transducer, and the Optoacoustic/Ultrasound (OA/US) duplex probe (1,2). This study assesses palpable and non-palpable breast abnormalities in patients who are referred for diagnostic breast ultrasound work-up.

Differential Role of Type 2 Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Tuberculosis in the Elderly versus Younger Adults.

The elderly are understudied despite their high risk of tuberculosis (TB). We sought to identify factors underlying the lack of an association between TB and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly, but not adults. We conducted a case-control study in elderly (≥65 years old; ELD) vs.

Recall responses in the lung environment are impacted by age in a pilot study of Mycobacterium bovis-BCG vaccinated rhesus macaques.

Age-related changes in the immune system increase susceptibility to infectious diseases. Vaccines are an important tool to prevent infection or boost immunological memory; however, vaccines are less effective in aged individuals. In order to protect our aging population from the threat of infectious diseases, we must gain a better understanding of age-related alterations in the immune response at the site of infection.

Local immune responses to tuberculin skin challenge in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated baboons: a pilot study of younger and older animals.

Individuals over the age of 65 are highly susceptible to infectious diseases, which account for one-third of deaths in this age group. Vaccines are a primary tool to combat infection, yet they are less effective in the elderly population. While many groups have aimed to address this problem by studying vaccine-induced peripheral blood responses in the elderly, work from our lab and others demonstrate that immune responses to vaccination and infectious challenge may differ between tissue sites and the periphery.

Managing the Incurable: Older Pain Clinic Patients' Experiences of Managing Treatment-Resistant Chronic Low Back Pain.

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a highly prevalent disabling condition among older adults, and treatment remains a challenge. Limited research has qualitatively examined late-life CLBP and its management. Study objective was to examine how older adults experience pain management approaches for CLBP.

"If You Don't Keep Going, You're Gonna Die": Helplessness and Perseverance Among Older Adults Living With Chronic Low Back Pain.

Background And Objectives: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide and the most common pain complaint among the rapidly growing older adult population. As part of a larger qualitative study examining the lived experience of CLBP among older adults, the objective of the present study is to understand how older pain clinic patients experience helplessness and also how they foster perseverance amid treatment-resistant CLBP.

Research Design And Methods: Using van Manen's phenomenological method, semistructured, in-depth, one-on-one interviews were conducted with 21 older pain clinic patients (aged 66-83) living with CLBP.

Anti-erosive effect of rinsing before or after toothbrushing with a Fluoride/Stannous Ions solution: an in situ investigation: Application order of Fluoride/Tin products for erosive tooth wear.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the application of a F/Sn-containing mouthrinse before or after toothbrushing with a F/Sn/chitosan toothpaste on the progression of erosion/abrasion on enamel and dentin.

Methods: This crossover in situ study had five arms: Control (toothbrushing without toothpaste), Brushing (toothbrushing with toothpaste), Brushing + Rinsing, Rinsing + Brushing, and Rinsing (without toothbrushing). Fifteen subjects used removable mandibular appliances containing 3 enamel and 3 dentin specimens, which were subjected to erosion-abrasion cycling of 60 min salivary pellicle formation followed by 5 min extra-oral erosion with 1% citric acid (4x/day for 5 days).

Effect of Wheelchair Stroke Pattern on Upper Extremity Muscle Fatigue.

Background: Shoulder dysfunction is common in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) with an incidence of up to 63%. Dysfunction is a result of muscle imbalances, specifically denervated rotator cuff muscles that are repetitively used during manual wheelchair propulsion.

Objective: To determine which arm stroke technique, pump (P) or semicircular (SC), is most energy efficient for long periods of propulsion.

Advanced Hip Osteoarthritis Causing Autonomic Dysreflexia and Severe Spasticity in a Patient With Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report.

Unlabelled: The life expectancy of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) is increasing due to advances in medicine and technology. As a result, there is a higher incidence of age-associated illnesses in this population. Degenerative joint disease is a common age-associated illness that causes pain and thus, in persons with SCI above the T6 level, can serve as a noxious stimulus to trigger autonomic dysreflexia (AD).

How do Perceptions of Autonomy Differ in General Surgery Training Between Faculty, Senior Residents, Hospital Administrators, and the General Public? A Multi-Institutional Study.

Objective: Identify barriers to resident autonomy in today's educational environment as perceived through 4 selected groups: senior surgical residents, teaching faculty, hospital administration, and the general public.

Design: Anonymous surveys were created and distributed to senior residents, faculty, and hospital administrators working within 3 residency programs. The opinions of a convenience sample of the general public were also assessed using a similar survey.

Living-Donor Kidney Transplantation: Reducing Financial Barriers to Live Kidney Donation--Recommendations from a Consensus Conference.

Live-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) is the best treatment for eligible people with late-stage kidney disease. Despite this, living kidney donation rates have declined in the United States in recent years. A potential source of this decline is the financial impact on potential and actual living kidney donors (LKDs).

What is evaluation of hematuria by primary care physicians? Use of electronic medical records to assess practice patterns with intermediate follow-up.

Background: To determine whether patients found to have hematuria by their primary care physicians are evaluated according to best practice policy.

Materials And Methods: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center maintains institutional outpatient electronic medical records (EMR) that are used by all providers in all specialties. We conducted an Institutional Review Board approved observational study of patients found to have more than 5 red blood cells/high power field between March 2009 and February 2010.

Metallopeptidase inhibition potentiates bradykinin-induced hyperalgesia.

The neuropeptide bradykinin (BK) sensitizes nociceptor activation following its release in response to inflammatory injury. Thereafter, the bioactivity of bradykinin is controlled by the enzymatic activities of circulating peptidases. One such enzyme, the metalloendopeptidase EC3.

Associations of lifetime depression with trauma exposure, other environmental adversities, and impairment in adolescents with ADHD.

Depression is a common, potentially devastating comorbidity in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD). Various environmental adversities are well-described as correlates of depression in general pediatric populations, but not in youth with ADHD. In 104 adolescents with ADHD, we examined potential environmental correlates of lifetime depression, including trauma exposure, recent negative life events and current parent-child conflict, along with current and past ADHD severity and current impairment.

A-kinase anchoring protein mediates TRPV1 thermal hyperalgesia through PKA phosphorylation of TRPV1.

Certain phosphorylation events are tightly controlled by scaffolding proteins such as A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP). On nociceptive terminals, phosphorylation of transient receptor potential channel type 1 (TRPV1) results in the sensitization to many different stimuli, contributing to the development of hyperalgesia. In this study, we investigated the functional involvement of AKAP150 in mediating sensitization of TRPV1, and found that AKAP150 is co-expressed in trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons from rat and associates with TRPV1.

The benefits of cholinesterase inhibitors: managing the behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.

Pharmacological treatment can be helpful to improve cognition, functional ability, and behavior symptoms in older adults with Alzheimer's disease, resulting in reduced caregiver burden, delayed nursing home placement, and reduced health care costs.

Metalloendopeptidase EC3.4.24.15 is constitutively released from the exofacial leaflet of lipid rafts in GT1-7 cells.

Metalloendopeptidase EC3.4.24.

Human tumor cloning assays: applications in clinical oncology and new antineoplastic agent development.

The human tumor cloning assay (HTCA) has been available for preclinical and clinical applications for the last 11 years. This article examines the usefulness of that assay both in the practice of clinical oncology and in the development of new antineoplastic agents. In the area of prediction of response of an individual patient's tumor to a particular antineoplastic agent, in a total of 2274 correlations in a variety of clinical trials, the assay has shown a remarkably good ability to predict whether a patient's tumor would respond to a particular agent (percent true positives 69%; percent true negatives 91%).