Type II collagen distribution in rodents.

The anatomical distribution of type II collagen in animal ears was studied by immunohistochemical techniques, using defined monoclonal antibodies to type II collagen. Type II collagen was observed in the cartilage plate of the auricle and external auditory meatus, tympanic annulus, lamina propria of tympanic membrane (pars tensa), interossicular joints, stapes footplate, eustachian tube cartilage, enchondral layer and globuli interossei of the otic capsule, Rosenthal canal, cribriform base, osseous spiral lamina, spiral ligament, limbus, tectorial membrane, semicircular canal membrane and subepithelial layer of the ampullary crista, utricular and saccular maculae, and the endolymphatic duct and proximal part of the sac.

A serum-free primary culture system for studying cell-substrate interactions during newt epidermal cell migration.

To study the interaction of migrating newt epidermal cells with purified extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules we have developed an in vitro migration assay using pieces of newt skin explanted onto culture dishes coated with various ECM molecules and cultured for 18 h in defined serum-free medium. Newt epidermal cells migrate out from explants placed on dishes coated with either collagen, vitronectin, fibronectin, or fibrinogen but not on albumin-coated or uncoated dishes. Explant outgrowth on collagen was best in CEM 2000 medium diluted to 60% of mammalian osmolarity.

Postasphyxial increases in prostanoids in cerebrospinal fluid of piglets.

The dilator stimuli that contribute to postasphyxial increases in cerebral blood flow in the neonate are unclear. To assess the possible role of cyclooxygenase products in these responses, we measured pial arteriolar diameter in six piglets and determined levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and 6-keto-PG F1 alpha (hydrolysis product of PGI2) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bathing the parietal cortex during control conditions, after 4-10 min of complete respiratory arrest (asphyxia), and after 5-12 min of reventilation. Pial arterioles are important resistance vessels in the cerebral circulation.

Glutamate decarboxylase immunoreactive neurons in rat neostriatum: their morphological types and populations.

Morphological types and populations of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)-immunoreactive neurons in rat neostriatum (Str) were studied. Str of colchicine-treated animals contained 3 types of neurons immunoreactive for GAD. The first type, which makes up 80-84% of Str neurons, was medium in size and showed moderate intensity GAD-staining.

Prostaglandin synthesis elicited by cholinergic stimuli is mediated by activation of M2 muscarinic receptors in rabbit heart.

This study was performed to determine the subtype of muscarinic receptors involved in the action of cholinergic stimuli on prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in the isolated rabbit heart perfused at a constant flow rate with Krebs Hanseleit buffer. Acetylcholine (ACh, 1.0-10.

Quality assurance review: improving diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous needle biopsy.

Adequate pathologic slide preparation of percutaneous fine-needle biopsy (PFNB) specimens is necessary to maximize sensitivity and yield a tissue diagnosis. We present a quality control review of our biopsy technique and results in 71 aspiration biopsies done in 59 patients. Immediate cytology slide preparation in the radiology suite enabled us to increase our diagnostic yield from 53% to 84%, and allowed us to preserve PFNB, rather than open biopsy, as the primary diagnostic modality.

Effects of the antiestrogen LY 117018 on the modulation by ethinyl estradiol of the metabolism of [1-14C]oleic acid by perfused livers from normal and ovariectomized rats.

Intact female Sprague-Dawley rats (195-249 g) and rats that had been ovariectomized (210-285 g) were injected subcutaneously for 14 days with ethinyl estradiol (15 micrograms/kg), the antiestrogen LY 117018 (500 micrograms/kg), both drugs simultaneously, or the vehicle (sesame oil) alone. Livers were removed and perfused in vitro in a recycling system. The administration of LY 117018 alone did not affect the secretion of triacylglycerol by livers from normal rats but decreased the secretion of triacylglycerol by livers from ovariectomized rats.

Preoptic hypothalamic control of arteriolar vasodilatory responses.

Arteriolar responses to hemorrhage were directly observed in the skeletal muscle and intestinal circulations of two groups of animals. In one group, the periventricular tissue surrounding the anteroventral portion of the third cerebral ventricle (AV3V) was electrolytically lesioned 7-10 days before an acute experiment. In the other group, control surgical procedures were performed.

Comparative effects of adriamycin and DNA-non-binding analogues on DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis in vitro.

Drug-DNA binding is claimed to be the basis by which the antitumor antibiotic adriamycin (doxorubicin) inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis in vitro. However, in preliminary studies the DNA-non-binding adriamycin analogue N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate (AD 32) showed somewhat greater inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis than adriamycin under identical conditions. The kinetics of macromolecule synthesis inhibition induced by adriamycin and AD 32, and the two principal DNA-non-binding metabolites of AD 32, N-trifluoroacetyladriamycin (AD 41) and N-trifluoroacetyladriamycinol (AD 92), have now been subjected to comparative study in cultured CEM (human leukemic lymphoblastic) cells.

Opioid peptides in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients.

Endogenous opioid receptoractive peptides in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of human controls and in those patients diagnosed as having senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT) are measured with a radioreceptorassay following HPLC separation. [3H]Etorphine is the ligand used to detect in the HPLC fractions the presence of those endogenous peptides that preferentially interact with several opioid receptors. The RRA uses a receptor-rich P2 fraction extracted from a canine limbic system.