Cooling of a PVT System Using an Underground Heat Exchanger: An Experimental Study.

In the recent decades, the researchers have been focused on the use of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems that provide the best performance and cooling for the photovoltaic panels. In this study, a PVT system consisting of a monocrystalline PV panel and a spiral heat exchanger was connected to an underground heat exchanger that is buried at a depth of 4 m below the surface of the earth. The procedure of the current study can be considered the first of its kind in the Middle East and North Africa region (based on the researchers' knowledge).

Enhancing ASP Flooding by Using Special Combinations of Surfactants and Starch Nanoparticles.

This study aimed to address the challenges faced by mature oilfields in extracting substantial oil quantities. It focused on improving the efficiency of alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding technique, which is a proven tertiary recovery technology, to overcome scaling issues and other hindrances in its large-scale implementation. Appropriate materials and their suitable concentrations were selected to enhance the ASP flooding technique.

The role of tin species in doped iron (III) oxide for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange dye under UV light.

Iron (III) oxide, a stable semiconductor with versatile applications, was synthesized alongside Sn-doped FeO (Sn-FeO) using the sol-gel technique. Characterization via X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of α- and γ-Fe2O3 phases in the synthesized powders. Incorporation of the dopant reduced the initial band gap energy of FeO (2.

Silver decorated lithium niobat nanostructure by UV activation method for silver-lithium niobate/silicon heterojunction device.

Lithium niobite (LiNbO) nanostructure were successfully synthesized by chemical bath deposition method (CBD) and then decorated with silver nitrate (AgNO) through UV activation method at different immersion durations (5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 s). The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) effects on the optical and structural properties were studied and analyzed using various scientific devices and technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that all the samples have a hexagonal structure with a maximum diffraction peak at the (012), and the existence of silver atoms could be recognized at 2θ = 38.

Solvothermally Synthesized Hierarchical Aggregates of Anatase TiO Nanoribbons/Nanosheets and Their Photocatalytic-Photocurrent Activities.

Hierarchical aggregates of anatase TiO nanoribbons/nanosheets (TiO-NR) and anatase TiO nanoparticles (TiO-NP) were produced through a one-step solvothermal reaction using acetic acid or ethanol and titanium isopropoxide as solvothermal reaction systems. The crystalline structure, crystalline phase, and morphologies of synthesized materials were characterized using several techniques. According to our findings, both TiO-NR and TiO-NP were found to have polycrystalline structures, with pure anatase phases.

Enhancing Oil Recovery by Polymeric Flooding with Purple Yam and Cassava Nanoparticles.

Significant amounts of oil remain in the reservoir after primary and secondary operations, and to recover the remaining oil, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) can be applied as one of the feasible options remaining nowadays. In this study, new nano-polymeric materials have been prepared from purple yam and cassava starches. The yield of purple yam nanoparticles (PYNPs) was 85%, and that of cassava nanoparticles (CSNPs) was 90.

Recovery of fuel from real waste oily sludge via a new eco-friendly surfactant material used in a digital baffle batch extraction unit.

This study focused on developing a new cocktail extraction agent (CEA) composed of solvent and a new surfactant material (SM) for enhancing the efficiency of fuel recovery from real waste oil sludge (WSO). The effects of different solvents (e.g.

Applying MCM-48 mesoporous material, equilibrium, isotherm, and mechanism for the effective adsorption of 4-nitroaniline from wastewater.

In this work, the MCM-48 mesoporous material was prepared and characterized to apply it as an active adsorbent for the adsorption of 4-nitroaniline (4-Nitrobenzenamine) from wastewater. The MCM-48 characterizations were specified by implementing various techniques such as; scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, pore size distribution (PSD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The batch adsorption results showed that the MCM-48 was very active for the 4-nitroaniline adsorption from wastewater.

Multi-method evaluation of a 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)pyrrolidine corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl: combining gravimetric, electrochemical, and DFT approaches.

The corrosion inhibition properties of 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)pyrrolidine (2-TP) on mild steel in a 1 M HCl solution were investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP) measurements. In addition, DFT calculations were performed on 2-TP. The polarization curves revealed that 2-TP is a mixed-type inhibitor.

Ternary Metal (Cu-Ni-Zn) Oxide Nanocomposite via an Environmentally Friendly Route.

In this work, we report the engineering of sub-30 nm nanocomposites of CuO/ZnO/NiO by using leaf extract. Zinc sulfate, nickel chloride, and copper sulfate were used as salt precursors, and isopropyl alcohol and water were used as solvents. The growth of nanocomposites was investigated by varying the concentrations of precursors and surfactants at pH 12.

Insights into the photovoltaic properties of indium sulfide as an electron transport material in perovskite solar cells.

According to recent reports, planar structure-based organometallic perovskite solar cells (OPSCs) have achieved remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE), making them very competitive with the more traditional silicon photovoltaics. A complete understanding of OPSCs and their individual parts is still necessary for further enhancement in PCE. In this work, indium sulfide (InS)-based planar heterojunction OPSCs were proposed and simulated with the SCAPS (a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator)-1D programme.

Strategies To Improve the Performance of Hydrogen Storage Systems by Liquefaction Methods: A Comprehensive Review.

The main challenges of liquid hydrogen (H) storage as one of the most promising techniques for large-scale transport and long-term storage include its high specific energy consumption (SEC), low exergy efficiency, high total expenses, and boil-off gas losses. This article reviews different approaches to improving H liquefaction methods, including the implementation of absorption cooling cycles (ACCs), ejector cooling units, liquid nitrogen/liquid natural gas (LNG)/liquid air cold energy recovery, cascade liquefaction processes, mixed refrigerant systems, integration with other structures, optimization algorithms, combined with renewable energy sources, and the pinch strategy. This review discusses the economic, safety, and environmental aspects of various improvement techniques for H liquefaction systems in more detail.

Corrosion inhibition properties of schiff base derivative against mild steel in HCl environment complemented with DFT investigations.

There is growing interest in using corrosion inhibitors and protective treatments to limit the degradation of mild steel, leading to the development of numerous Schiff bases as cutting-edge inhibitors. In this study, the effectiveness of a Schiff base, 3-((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino)indolin-2-one (MTIO), to prevent mild steel corrosion in HCl was investigated using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques, and surface characterization. The experimental results showed that 0.

Effect of MAX Phase TiALC on the Ultrafiltration Membrane Properties and Performance.

Membrane fouling remains a major obstacle to ultrafiltration. Due to their effectiveness and minimal energy demand, membranes have been extensively employed in water treatment. To improve the antifouling property of the PVDF membrane, a composite ultrafiltration membrane was created employing the in-situ embedment approach throughout the phase inversion process and utilizing a new 2D material, MAX phase TiALC.

A novel dual feedwater circuit for a parabolic trough solar power plant.

The validated dynamic model of a parabolic trough power plant (PTPP) is improved by the combination of a new feedwater circuit (feedwater/HTF circuit) and a reference feedwater circuit (feedwater/steam circuit) as well as the development of the steam turbine model. Such design represents the first effort of research to utilize a dual feedwater circuit inside the PTPP to increase the power output in the daylight from 50 to 68 MW and raise night operating hours at a lower cost. The purpose of increasing the operating night hours at a power (48 MW) as in the reference PTPP is to get rid of the fossil fuel backup system and rely only on the absorbed solar energy and the stored energy in the molten salt.

Improved Motion Artifact Correction in fNIRS Data by Combining Wavelet and Correlation-Based Signal Improvement.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an optical non-invasive neuroimaging technique that allows participants to move relatively freely. However, head movements frequently cause optode movements relative to the head, leading to motion artifacts (MA) in the measured signal. Here, we propose an improved algorithmic approach for MA correction that combines wavelet and correlation-based signal improvement (WCBSI).

TM-Free and TM-Catalyzed Mechanosynthesis of Functional Polymers.

Mechanochemically induced methods are commonly used for the depolymerization of polymers, including plastic and agricultural wastes. So far, these methods have rarely been used for polymer synthesis. Compared to conventional polymerization in solutions, mechanochemical polymerization offers numerous advantages such as less or no solvent consumption, the accessibility of novel structures, the inclusion of co-polymers and post-modified polymers, and, most importantly, the avoidance of problems posed by low monomer/oligomer solubility and fast precipitation during polymerization.

Forward Osmosis Membrane: Review of Fabrication, Modification, Challenges and Potential.

Forward osmosis (FO) is a low-energy treatment process driven by osmosis to induce the separation of water from dissolved solutes/foulants through the membrane in hydraulic pressure absence while retaining all of these materials on the other side. All these advantages make it an alternative process to reduce the disadvantages of traditional desalination processes. However, several critical fundamentals still require more attention for understanding them, most notably the synthesis of novel membranes that offer a support layer with high flux and an active layer with high water permeability and solute rejection from both solutions at the same time, and a novel draw solution which provides low solute flux, high water flux, and easy regeneration.

A gold nanoparticles coated unclad single mode fiber-optic sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance.

In the last few decays, the fiber-optic was employed in the field of sensing because of its benefits in contrast to other types of sensors such as small size, easy to fabricate, high response, and flexibility. In this study, unclad single mode fiber-optic sensor is proposed to operate at 650 nm wavelength. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.

A novel method for ZnO@NiO core-shell nanoparticle synthesis using pulse laser ablation in liquid and plasma jet techniques.

Given their versatile nature and wide range of possible applications, core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) have received considerable attention. This paper proposes a novel method for synthesizing ZnO@NiO core-shell nanoparticles using a hybrid technique. The characterization demonstrates the successful formation of ZnO@NiO core-shell nanoparticles, which have an average crystal size of 13.

Novel MXene-Modified Polyphenyl Sulfone Membranes for Functional Nanofiltration of Heavy Metals-Containing Wastewater.

In this work, MXene as a hydrophilic 2D nanosheet has been suggested to tailor the polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) flat sheet membrane characteristics via bulk modification. The amount of MXene varied in the PPSU casting solution from 0-1.5 wt.

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Membrane for Separation of Soluble Toluene by Pervaporation Process.

A commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane was employed to separate the soluble toluene compounds (CH) from an aqueous solution via the pervaporation (PV) process. The performance and the efficacy of the PDMS PV membrane were evaluated through the estimation of the permeation flux and separation factor under various operating parameters. The response surface method (RSM) built in the Minitab-18 software was used for the design of the experiment in this study, and the responses of the permeation flux and the separation factor were analyzed and optimized based on the operating conditions.

Enhanced Antifouling in Flat-Sheet Polyphenylsulfone Membranes Incorporating Graphene Oxide-Tungsten Oxide for Ultrafiltration Applications.

In this study tungsten oxide and graphene oxide (GO-WO) were successfully combined using the ultra-sonication method and embedded with polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) to prepare novel low-fouling membranes for ultrafiltration applications. The properties of the modified membranes and performance were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle (CA), water permeation flux, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection. It was found that the modified PPSU membrane fabricated from 0.

Modeling and simulation of pervaporation (PV) separation for alcohol dehydration.

The separation performance of commercial crosslinked poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes (i.e., the new commercial membrane PERVAP™ 4100 H F and standard membrane PERVAP™ 4100) used for the dehydration of two alcohol-water systems (i.

Rise of Deep Learning Clinical Applications and Challenges in Omics Data: A Systematic Review.

This research aims to review and evaluate the most relevant scientific studies about deep learning (DL) models in the omics field. It also aims to realize the potential of DL techniques in omics data analysis fully by demonstrating this potential and identifying the key challenges that must be addressed. Numerous elements are essential for comprehending numerous studies by surveying the existing literature.