Repeatable process for extracting health data from HL7 CDA documents.

Objective: This study aims to address the gap in the literature on converting real-world Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) data into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM), focusing on the initial steps preceding the mapping phase. We highlight the importance of a repeatable Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) pipeline for health data extraction from HL7 CDA documents in Estonia for research purposes.

Methods: We developed a repeatable ETL pipeline to facilitate the extraction, cleaning, and restructuring of health data from CDA documents to OMOP CDM, ensuring a high-quality and structured data format.

Unveiling root nodulation in Tribulus terrestris and Roystonea regia via metagenomics analysis.

Root nodule symbiosis is traditionally recognized in the Fabales, Fagales, Cucurbitales, and Rosales orders within the Rosid I clade of angiosperms. However, ambiguous root nodule formation has been reported in Zygophyllaceae and Roystonea regia (Arecaceae), although a detailed analysis has yet to be conducted. We aimed to perform morphological analyses of root structures in these plants and utilize metagenomic techniques to identify and characterize the bacterial populations within the nodule-like structures.

Immunolocalization of Na(+)-Dependent Glucose Co-Transporters in Chicken Kidneys in Norm and During T-2 Mycotoxicosis (Primary Study).

The kidney plays an essential role in the proper homeostasis of glucose. In the kidney, glucose transport is carried out across cell membranes by two families of glucose transporters-facilitated diffusion glucose transporters (GLUTs) and Na(+)-dependent glucose co-transporters (SGLT family). Among the transporters, sodium-dependent glucose co-transporters play a major role in the kidney's ability to reabsorb glucose.

Love as a Commitment Device : Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Study across 90 Countries.

Given the ubiquitous nature of love, numerous theories have been proposed to explain its existence. One such theory refers to love as a commitment device, suggesting that romantic love evolved to foster commitment between partners and enhance their reproductive success. In the present study, we investigated this hypothesis using a large-scale sample of 86,310 individual responses collected across 90 countries.

Development and validation of a brief form of the Anticipated Effects of Food Scale.

Identifying malleable influences on eating behaviours will advance our ability to improve physical and mental health. Food-related emotional expectancies are the anticipated positive and negative emotions from eating different foods and are theorised to affect eating behaviour, and to be amenable to change. The Anticipated Effects of Food Scale (AEFS) assesses food-related emotional expectancies using 62 one-word items; however, a shorter questionnaire would be useful in large and clinical studies.

Relative effectiveness of the second booster COVID-19 vaccines against laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers: VEBIS HCW VE cohort study (1 October 2022-2 May 2023).

Introduction: Repeated COVID-19 booster vaccination was recommended in healthcare workers (HCWs) to maintain protection. We measured the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of the second booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine compared to the first booster, against laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCWs.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study among HCWs from 12 European hospitals, we collected nasopharyngeal or saliva samples at enrolment and during weekly/fortnightly follow-up between October 2022 and May 2023.

Identification of putative volatile biomarkers of canine leishmaniasis in dog's breath and hair employing a novel algorithm for automated chromatographic peak detection and matching.

The analysis of the volatile compounds released by biological samples represents a promising approach for the non-invasive diagnosis of a disease. The present study, focused on a population of dogs infected with canine leishmaniasis, aimed to decipher the volatolomic profile associated with this disease in dogs, which represent the main animal reservoir for Leishmania pathogen transmission to humans. The volatiles emitted by the breath and hair of dogs were analysed employing the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique.

Prescribing beyond borders: Navigating challenges and opportunities in cross-border ePrescriptions for enhanced medication access and safety.

Background: The European cross-border electronic prescription (CBeP) was first introduced in Estonia and Finland. The CBeP service is gradually being implemented across Europe, prompting a need for practical studies to assess its benefits and potential shortcomings.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate Estonian and Finnish pharmacists' experiences with patient identification, personal data protection and safe use of medications with CBeP, as well as main advantages and areas of development of CBeP.

Genetic vulnerability and adverse mental health outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis of CENTER-TBI and TRACK-TBI cohorts.

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are common after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but their biological drivers are uncertain. We therefore explored whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived for PTSD and major depressive disorder (MDD) are associated with the development of cognate TBI-related phenotypes.

Methods: Meta-analyses were conducted using data from two multicenter, prospective observational cohort studies of patients with mTBI: the CENTER-TBI study (ClinicalTrials.

Temporal dynamics of soil microbial C and N cycles with GHG fluxes in the transition from tropical peatland forest to oil palm plantation.

Tropical peatlands significantly influence local and global carbon and nitrogen cycles, yet they face growing pressure from anthropogenic activities. Land use changes, such as peatland forests conversion to oil palm plantations, affect the soil microbiome and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the temporal dynamics of microbial community changes and their role as GHG indicators are not well understood.

StarPhase: Comprehensive Phase-Aware Pharmacogenomic Diplotyper for Long-Read Sequencing Data.

Pharmacogenomics is central to precision medicine, informing medication safety and efficacy. Pharmacogenomic diplotyping of complex genes requires full-length DNA sequences and detection of structural rearrangements. We introduce StarPhase, a tool that leverages PacBio HiFi sequence data to diplotype 21 CPIC Level A pharmacogenes and provides detailed haplotypes and supporting visualizations for , , and .

Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in children and adults in 2021 and 2022.

Purpose: We aimed to describe SARS-CoV-2 lineages and diversity in children and adults in Estonia and similarity to travel-related cases and neighbouring countries.

Methods: SARS-CoV-2 sequences in 2021-2022 from a nationwide study were included. The proportion of predominant lineages in Estonian regions and among travel-related cases was described by multinomial logistic regression.

Moth flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) of Estonia.

A fundamental prerequisite for understanding and protecting biodiversity is the construction of a high-quality faunal database. The primary objective of this study was to address knowledge gaps in the biodiversity of the family Psychodidae in Estonia. Faunistic data on 45 species of moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from Estonia are presented, including 30 new country-records.

Tourist perceptions, motivations and expectations when interacting with African lion () cubs.

Tourism wildlife interactions are controversial, the debate hinging largely on the compromised welfare of the animals used. Despite this, lion cub () interactions are popular, and there is a need to understand what motivates interactors to participate in the activity, their perceptions and expectations. We surveyed the attitudes of 300 visitors to three lion cub interaction facilities in South Africa.

Personality associations with online vs. offline social capital and well-being variables.

Social capital is an important construct in diverse scientific disciplines for understanding health promotion, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. In an increasingly digitalized world, social capital can be established and used in both online and offline contexts. Previous research suggests that personality might be relevant to an understanding of individual differences in social capital.

Microbiome selection and evolution within wild and domesticated plants.

Microbes are ubiquitously found across plant surfaces and even within their cells, forming the plant microbiome. Many of these microbes contribute to the functioning of the host and consequently affect its fitness. Therefore, in many contexts, including microbiome effects enables a better understanding of the phenotype of the plant rather than considering the genome alone.

How does air quality reflect the land cover changes: remote sensing approach using Sentinel data.

Significant environmental challenges, such as urban and industrial expansion, alongside vegetation preservation, directly influence the concentrations of critical air pollutants and greenhouse gases in cities and their surroundings. The urban development and expansion process is aptly captured by classifying land use and land cover (LULC). We aimed to analyze LULC changes in an Andean area, Ecuador, and to reveal the relations of LULC classes with three air pollutants ozone ( ), nitrogen dioxide ( ), and sulfur dioxide ( ), using remote sensing datasets (Sentinel-5P - Sentinel 1 - Sentinel-2) across different periods.

Can triad forestry reconcile Europe's biodiversity and forestry strategies? A critical evaluation of forest zoning.

Balancing increasing demand for wood products while also maintaining forest biodiversity is a paramount challenge. Europe's Biodiversity and Forest Strategies for 2030 attempt to address this challenge. Together, they call for strict protection of 10% of land area, including all primary and old growth forests, increasing use of ecological forestry, and less reliance on monocultural plantations.

The hidden impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists on endometrial receptivity and implantation.

Increasing infertility rates represent a growing medical challenge in modern societies resulting from a complex interplay of sociocultural trends, lifestyle factors, exposure to environmental toxins, and underlying health problems. Women's fertility is particularly vulnerable to these shifts. The obesogenic lifestyle not only accelerates weight gain, but also disrupts ovulation driving the rise in infertility.

Core outcome set of daily monitoring of gastrointestinal function in adult critically ill patients: a modified Delphi consensus process (COSMOGI).

Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is common in critically ill patients and associated with poor outcomes. There is a lack of standardised methods for daily monitoring of GI function. COSMOGI aimed to develop a Core Outcome Set (COS) for daily monitoring of GI function to improve consistency and comparability in future studies in critically ill patients.

Benefits and challenges of the integration of haptics-enhanced virtual reality training within dental curricula.

Background: Haptics-enhanced virtual reality (VR-haptic) simulation in dental education has evolved considerably during the past decade, representing a promising resource of simulation-based training opportunities to support conventional practice. We aim to summarize current literature on the applications of VR-haptics in learning, practicing, and teaching dental education.

Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, focusing on research articles published between January 2010 and January 2024.

Soil biology: Fungi in plant roots - what do they all do down there?

Plant roots host a range of fungi, including mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes. A new study shows that mucoromycotinan fine root endophytes can selectively utilise organic nitrogen, keep the carbon, transfer nitrogen to host and receive carbon from plants.

Controlling Raman enhancement in particle-aperture hybrid nanostructures by interlayer spacing.

Here we show how surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) features can be fine-tuned in optically active substrates made of layered materials. To demonstrate this, we used DNA-assisted lithography (DALI) to create substrates with silver bowtie nanoparticle-aperture pairs and then coated the samples with rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules. By varying the spacing between the aperture and particle layer, we were able to control the strength of the interlayer coupling between the plasmon resonances of the apertures and those of the underlying bowtie particles.