Applications of gravity models to evaluate and forecast US international air freight markets post-GFC.

In addition to being the world's largest economy, the United States (US) has been the foremost driver of consumer spending, free trade and open skies policies. Trade-driven economic growth and air freight markets have been commonly linked in air transport research. Despite increased security after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, international air imports to the US has continued to grow at a rate faster than consumer spending.

Nursing students' socialisation to emotion management during early clinical placement experiences: A qualitative study.

Aims And Objectives: To explore nursing students' subjective experience of emotions during first-year clinical placements, strategies used to manage their emotions and socialisation to emotion management.

Background: Emotion regulation is a key source of stress for early career and student nurses. Clinical placement experiences can elicit strong emotions in nursing students; however, they may be unprepared for the challenge of regulating their emotions in real-world practice.

Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk.

Deforestation can increase the transmission of malaria. Here, we build upon the existing link between malaria risk and deforestation by investigating how the global demand for commodities that increase deforestation can also increase malaria risk. We use a database of trade relationships to link the consumption of deforestation-implicated commodities in developed countries to estimates of country-level malaria risk in developing countries.

Factors Affecting the Perception of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in the Ecotoxicology Community.

Given current legislative mandates to assess the safety of thousands of chemicals and the slow pace at which conventional testing proceeds, there is a need to accelerate chemical risk assessment. Governments and businesses are increasingly interested in new approach methodologies (NAMs) that promise to reduce costs and delays. We explore 5 sociological factors within the ecotoxicology community that can influence the perception of NAMs: 1) professional profile (educational cohort, employer), 2) internal science communication within professional forums, 3) concern for "error cost," 4) collaboration across stakeholders, and 5) fundamental beliefs regarding toxicology.

The mechanics of myeloid cells.

The effects of cell size, shape and deformability on cellular function have long been a topic of interest. Recently, mechanical phenotyping technologies capable of analysing large numbers of cells in real time have become available. This has important implications for biology and medicine, especially haemato-oncology and immunology, as immune cell mechanical phenotyping, immunologic function, and malignant cell transformation are closely linked and potentially exploitable to develop new diagnostics and therapeutics.

Mindfulness and Its Association With Varied Types of Motivation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using Self-Determination Theory.

Mindfulness has been shown to have varied associations with different forms of motivation, leading to a lack of clarity as to how and when it may foster healthy motivational states. Grounded in self-determination theory, the present study proposes a theoretical model for how mindfulness supports different forms of human motivation, and then tests this via meta-analysis. A systematic review identified 89 relevant studies ( = 25,176), comprising 104 independent data sets and 200 effect sizes.

The well-being profile (WB-Pro): Creating a theoretically based multidimensional measure of well-being to advance theory, research, policy, and practice.

There is no universally agreed definition of well-being as a subjective experience, but Huppert and So (2013) adopted and systematically applied the definition of well-being as positive mental health-the opposite of the common mental disorders described in standard mental health classifications (e.g., ).

Entrepreneurial Intentions of Teams: Sub-Dimensions of Machiavellianism Interact With Team Resilience.

Machiavellians are often seen as manipulative people who contribute negatively to teams and ventures. However, recent work has shown that Machiavellians can also cooperate and act in pro-social ways in a team context. Thus, some aspects of Machiavellianism might be conducive for teams and team members' intentions to start a business venture.

Hidden in the Dark: Dim Ambient Lighting Increases Game Play Duration and Total Spend.

It has been suggested that much like commercial environments (e.g., retailing), the situational characteristics of gambling environments form an important determinant of gambling behavior.

Mindfulness-Based Interventions for University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Background: University students are expressing an increased need for mental health support. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are being integrated into university stress-reduction programmes globally. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing MBI effects on university students' mental and physical health.

Modelling Economic Growth, Carbon Emissions, and Fossil Fuel Consumption in China: Cointegration and Multivariate Causality.

Most authors apply the Granger causality-VECM (vector error correction model), and Toda-Yamamoto procedures to investigate the relationships among fossil fuel consumption, CO emissions, and economic growth, though they ignore the group joint effects and nonlinear behaviour among the variables. In order to circumvent the limitations and bridge the gap in the literature, this paper combines cointegration and linear and nonlinear Granger causality in multivariate settings to investigate the long-run equilibrium, short-run impact, and dynamic causality relationships among economic growth, CO emissions, and fossil fuel consumption in China from 1965-2016. Using the combination of the newly developed econometric techniques, we obtain many novel empirical findings that are useful for policy makers.

On the Optimization of Bayesian D-Efficient Discrete Choice Experiment Designs for the Estimation of QALY Tariffs That Are Corrected for Nonlinear Time Preferences.

Objectives: This article explains how to optimize Bayesian D-efficient discrete choice experiment (DCE) designs for the estimation of quality-adjusted life year (QALY) tariffs that are unconfounded by respondents' time preferences.

Methods: The calculation of Bayesian D-errors is explained for DCE designs that allow for the disentanglement of respondents' time and health-state preferences. Time preferences are modelled via an exponential, hyperbolic, or power discount function and the performance of the proposed DCE designs is compared with that of several conventional DCE designs that do not take nonlinear time preferences into account.

Branched convolutional neural networks incorporated with Jacobian deep regression for facial landmark detection.

Facial landmark detection is to localize multiple facial key-points for a given facial image. While many methods have achieved remarkable performance in recent years, the accuracy remains unsatisfactory due to some uncontrolled conditions such as occlusion, head pose variations and illumination, under which, the L2 loss function is conventionally dominated by errors from those facial components on which the landmarks are hard predicted. In this paper, a novel branched convolutional neural network incorporated with Jacobian deep regression framework, hereafter referred to as BCNN-JDR, is proposed to solve the facial landmark detection problem.

Managing Influenza Outbreaks Through Social Interaction on Social Media: Research Transformation Through an Engaged Scholarship Approach.

This research project seeks to develop our understanding of the spread of influenza through social interactions, individual and group activities as well as through public attitudes towards official health responses as they occur on social media platforms. We propose to conduct a series of workshops to: 1) develop a deep understanding of current social media crisis communications practices during influenza outbreaks; and 2) to assist public health agencies and health professionals to manage these outbreaks by exploring new strategies, frameworks and approaches to the potential role and use of social media platforms. The research proposal and methods outlined in this paper describe a transformational approach that bridges the divide between academics, practitioners and the general public through engaged scholarship which involves all constituent groups equally in the design, execution and co-creation of the research themes, problem focus and proposed solutions.

Teamwork and clinician burnout in Swiss intensive care: the predictive role of workload, and demographic and unit characteristics.

Aim: The levels of teamwork and clinician burnout in healthcare differ depending on demographic and unit characteristics. However, the impact of these characteristics varies between clinical settings. In addition, the impact of objectively measured workload in such settings is largely unknown.

Alcohol and other drug prevention for older adolescents: It's a no brainer.

Older adolescence represents a critical period of brain development whereby the prefrontal cortex, responsible for higher level thinking and emotional regulation, is under construction. During this period, the brain is wired to underestimate risk and overestimate pleasure, which primes young people towards risky, pleasure-oriented experiences. Substance use during this time can hinder brain maturation and lead to development related disorders.

It takes two to self-disclose: Incremental theorists facilitate others' self-disclosure more than do entity theorists.

Objective: We tested the prediction that incremental theorists are more likely to facilitate others' self-disclosure than are entity theorists.

Method: We conducted three studies: (a) a field study that examined client's self-disclosure (N = 122; M  = 41.9, 67.

Individual preferences on the balancing of good and harm of cardiovascular disease screening.

Objective: Transition towards value-based healthcare requires insight into what makes value to the individual. The aim was to elicit individual preferences for cardiovascular disease screening with respect to the difficult balancing of good and harm as well as mode of delivery.

Methods: A discrete choice experiment was conducted as a cross-sectional survey among 1231 male screening participants at three Danish hospitals between June and December 2017.

An Analysis of Factors Associated With Older Workers' Employment Participation and Preferences in Australia.

Australian government and organizational age-management policies continue to target employment participation among older workers in light of an aging population. Typically, efforts to reduce early retirement among older workers have focused on well-established factors, including the promotion of worker health, reducing injury, supporting caregivers, reducing age discrimination and enhancing skill development. This research extends on the former approach by examining established factors along with important emerging factors, namely work-life conflict, work centrality and person-job fit.

Complexity in financial asset returns: Evidence from the compass rose.

The compass rose pattern in financial data may indicate the presence of a nonlinear, possibly chaotic, data generating mechanism. The analysis of three key financial asset and denoised returns, gold, the Great British Pound/US dollar spot exchange rate, and the Standard & Poor's 500 stock index, reveals that over four equivalent subperiods, from 1996 to 2015, the compass rose pattern changes. This finding provides an opportunity to establish how noise affects financial time series.

Compulsive internet use and the development of self-esteem and hope: A four-year longitudinal study.

Objective: Compulsive internet use (CIU) has been linked to decrements in mental health and well-being. However, relatively little is known about how CIU relates to evaluations of the self, and in particular, whether CIU is antecedent to or is a consequence of negative evaluations of one's social worth (self-esteem) and general efficacy (hope). To examine this, we explored the longitudinal relations between CIU and the development of self-esteem and hope among adolescents over a four-year period.

Does your mindfulness benefit others? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the link between mindfulness and prosocial behaviour.

Mindfulness-based meditation practices have received substantial scientific attention in recent years. Mindfulness has been shown to bring many psychological benefits to the individual, but much less is known about whether these benefits extend to others. This meta-analysis reviewed the link between mindfulness - as both a personality variable and an intervention - and prosocial behaviour.

Forecasting the Maturation of Electronic Health Record Functions Among US Hospitals: Retrospective Analysis and Predictive Model.

Background: The Meaningful Use (MU) program has promoted electronic health record adoption among US hospitals. Studies have shown that electronic health record adoption has been slower than desired in certain types of hospitals; but generally, the overall adoption rate has increased among hospitals. However, these studies have neither evaluated the adoption of advanced functionalities of electronic health records (beyond MU) nor forecasted electronic health record maturation over an extended period in a holistic fashion.

The importance of reflecting on practice: How personal professional development activities affect perceived teamwork and performance.

Aims And Objectives: To examine the relationships between participation in personal professional development activities (e.g., coaching, mentoring), teamwork and performance; to investigate the mediating and moderating effects of reflective thinking and perceived usefulness of development activities.