Differences in Phage Recognition and Immunogenicity Contribute to Divergent Human Immune Responses to Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Phages.

Bacteriophages (phages) are emerging as a viable adjunct to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. While intravenous phage therapy has proven successful in many cases, clinical outcomes remain uncertain due to a limited understanding of host response to phages. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive examination of the interaction between clinical-grade phages used to treat MDR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, and human peripheral blood immune cells.

Comparative effectiveness of various nonpharmacological interventions, including traditional Chinese medicine-based interventions for cancer-related cognitive impairment: a comprehensive network meta-analysis.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment is a common complication of cancer and its treatment. The effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-based interventions in improving subjective and objective cognitive function has not yet been investigated in previous network meta-analyses. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions including TCM-based interventions, and to rank the best option for improving cognitive function among adults with non-central nervous system cancer.

Does Leak Matter? A Novel Dynamic Leak Model to Simulate Leak for Performance Testing of Manual Neonatal Resuscitation Devices. A Bench Study.

Introduction: Newborn resuscitation is commonly performed in the presence of face mask leak. Leak is highly variable, pressure-dependent and often unrecognized. The effectiveness of resuscitation devices to deliver adequate inflations in the presence of leak is unknown.

Being an Insider Nurse Researcher: Navigating the Challenges and Benefits to Ensure Rigour.

Aim: To provide insights into the challenges and benefits of being an insider nurse researcher in case study research. To describe strategies used to maintain rigour and trustworthiness when conducting insider research.

Design: Case study with insider research methodology was used to evaluate a nurse-led supportive care model for patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and their caregivers.

Medial opening wedge valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy for femoral neck nonunion: a femoral anatomy-preserving surgical approach.

Background: Valgus osteotomy is a femoral head-preserving surgery to treat femoral neck non-union in young, active patients. The traditional approach, however, causes medialisation of the femoral shaft during valgus correction, which alters femoral anatomy and complicates conversion to total hip arthroplasty if head osteosynthesis fails. This study aims to outline a novel surgical technique, medial opening wedge valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy (VITO), and evaluate its clinical and radiographic outcomes, focusing on restoring hip biomechanics and improving union rates.

Perspectives on the sustainment of a healthy vending initiative in a university setting: a reflexive thematic analysis.

The World Health Organization recommends countries adopt policies that encourage the creation of healthier food retail. In Australia, some organisations have created enforceable regulation for healthier food retail in settings under their contractual control. While progressive for public health, little evidence exists on the characteristics of individuals and organisations influencing sustainment of such initiatives.

Factors influencing physicians' antimicrobial prescribing decisions: A systematic review of qualitative studies.

Inappropriate and overuse of antimicrobials is increasing antimicrobial resistance. Understanding physicians' antimicrobial decision-making is essential for developing interventions to optimize prescribing. The aim of this review was to identify the factors that influence physicians' antimicrobial prescribing decisions.

Quality of life in heart failure. The heart of the matter. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association and the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology.

For most patients with chronic, progressive illnesses, maintaining good quality of life (QoL), with preserved functional capacity, is just as crucial as prolonging survival. Patients with heart failure (HF) experience much worse QoL and effort intolerance than both the general population and people with other chronic conditions, since they present a range of physical and psychological symptoms, including shortness of breath, chest discomfort, fatigue, fluid congestion, trouble with sleeping, and depression. These symptoms reduce patients' capacity for daily social and physical activity.

Quality of life in heart failure. The heart of the matter. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association and the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology.

For most patients with chronic, progressive illnesses, maintaining good quality of life (QoL), with preserved functional capacity, is just as crucial as prolonging survival. Patients with heart failure (HF) experience much worse QoL and effort intolerance than both the general population and people with other chronic conditions, since they present a range of physical and psychological symptoms, including shortness of breath, chest discomfort, fatigue, fluid congestion, trouble with sleeping, and depression. These symptoms reduce patients' capacity for daily social and physical activity.

99mTechnetium-pyrophosphate SPECT/CT with novel semiautomated quantification has excellent diagnostic accuracy for detecting cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a novel semiautomated method to calculate relative myocardial wall uptake (RCU) of 99mTechnetium-pyrophosphate SPECT/CT in suspected cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR).

Methods: Prospective analysis of 108 participants with suspected ATTR. Using novel software, we quantified radiopharmaceutical uptake in the wall of each chamber of the heart at 3 h, calculating RCU for combined ventricular (RCU-V) and whole-heart (RCU-W) measures as a ratio over physiological blood-pool activity.

Longitudinal Trajectories of Dental Attendance in Australian Adults.

Understanding how dental attendance evolves throughout life can inform targeted preventive health care policies by identifying key moments when people are more or less likely to seek dental care. Trajectory modeling of age and time trajectories takes a life course approach to understanding dental attendance, offering insights into both developmental perspectives (e.g.

CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Editing of Bdtektin1 Gene Induces Sterility in Male Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae).

The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (B. dorsalis) is a highly invasive, widely distributed notorious pest restricting global fruit trade immensely. There are several approaches to managing this pest, still require newer approaches.

Diagnostic Integrity of DSM Categorized Eating Disorders: Exploration of Alternative Methods of Classification and the Implications for Genetic Research.

Research is only beginning to shape our understanding of eating disorders as metabolic-psychiatric illnesses. How eating disorders (EDs) are classified is essential to future research for understanding the etiology of these severe illnesses and both developing and tailoring effective treatments. The gold standard for classification for research and diagnostic purposes has primarily been and continues to be the (DSM-5).

Evolutionary implications of a deep-time perspective on insect pollination.

Plant pollination by insects represents one of the most transformative and iconic ecological relationships in the natural world. Despite tens of thousands of papers, as well as numerous books, on pollination biology published over the past 200 years, most studies focused on the fossil record of pollinating insects have only been published in the last few decades, and this field is still undergoing major developments. Current palaeontological evidence indicates that pollinating insects were diverse and participated in the reproduction of different gymnosperm lineages long before their association with flowering plants (angiosperms).

Thymoma-Induced Severe Biventricular Failure without Myasthenia Gravis: Investigating Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND Cardiomyopathy associated with thymoma is thought to be a cardiac manifestations of myasthenia gravis (MG). However, there are case reports of newly diagnosed thymoma presenting with cardiomyopathy without MG, and the mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this report is to explore tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) as a potential mechanism for cardiomyopathy in thymoma without features of MG.

Clinical staff's perceptions of transitional care from hospital to home for stroke patients: a qualitative study.

Background: The transition from hospital to home is a critical period for stroke survivors and their caregivers. This study explores the clinical staff's attitudes and perspectives on transitional care (from hospital to home) for stroke patients in the neurology department.

Methods: This qualitative descriptive phenomenological study involved semi-structured interviews with 15 clinical staff members in the neurology department of a tertiary hospital, conducted either face-to-face or via telephone.

The FKBPL-based therapeutic peptide, AD-01, protects the endothelium from hypoxia-induced damage by stabilising hypoxia inducible factor-α and inflammation.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark feature of cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. This has impeded the development of effective therapies, particularly for peripheral artery disease. FK506-binding protein like (FKBPL) and its therapeutic peptide mimetic, AD-01, are crucial negative regulators of angiogenesis, however their roles in CVD are unknown.

Health service utilisation cost associated with residential fire incidents in New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Fire is a major contributor to global fatalities and disabilities and remains a prevalent threat to individuals in Australia. New South Wales (NSW) experiences over one-third of all structure fires, including residential ones, in the country and one-quarter of all associated deaths and hospital admissions. In an atmosphere of rising healthcare cost and heightened demand for its services, obtaining total cost data for residential fires is essential.

"Like a rollercoaster": carer experiences of residential treatment for eating disorders.

Background: Residential facilities for eating disorders are becoming increasingly common, providing recovery-oriented care in less restrictive environments compared to traditional hospital treatments. Despite their popularity, there is a lack of research regarding parent and carer experiences of residential programs. Furthermore, while the impact of eating disorders on parents and caregivers is well-documented, understandings of their lived experiences remain limited.

International evidence-based recommendations for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents.

Background: During adolescence, accurate diagnostic criteria and/or identification of adolescents "at risk" of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are critical to establish appropriate screening, treatment, and lifelong health plans. The 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline for PCOS aimed to provide the most up-to-date evidence-based recommendations to improve health outcomes for individuals with PCOS, emphasizing accurate and timely diagnosis of PCOS from adolescence.

Methods: The best practice methods following the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE-II) criteria were applied.

Addressing health equity during design and implementation of health system reform initiatives: a scoping review and framework.

Background: Health equity is a commonly asserted goal of health systems. However, there is a limited understanding on how best to promote equity as a part of health system reform initiatives. We conducted a scoping review to (1) identify and characterise strategies that promote health equity during the design and implementation of health system reform initiatives; and (2) determine opportunities to strengthen health equity informed policy design and implementation processes and outcomes.

Long-term cost-effectiveness of health behaviour intervention to manage type 2 diabetes in Nepal.

Background: Long-term cost-effectiveness analyses of health behaviour interventions to effectively manage type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in low-income countries are crucial for minimising economic burden and optimising resource allocation. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness of implementing a health behaviour intervention to manage T2DM in Nepal.

Methods: A Markov model in combination with a decision tree was developed to compare the costs and outcomes of the health behaviour intervention against usual care among 481 (238-intervention and 243-control) participants from healthcare system and societal perspectives.

Altered KEGG pathways are associated with different immunologic responses to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected men who have sex with men.

Background: The association between Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways and immunologic non-response among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not well documented. This study aimed to characterize KEGG metabolic pathways among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) with different immunologic responses.

Methods: We recruited HIV-uninfected MSM (healthy controls, HC) and HIV-infected MSM on ART > 24 months in Guangzhou, June-October 2021.