Diversity, community engagement and co-design in research: a rapid review.

There is increasing recognition in the field of health and social care research that community-engaged methods should include patients and the public throughout the research process. Therefore, individuals from all backgrounds should be involved in the research. We explored the public and patient engagement experience in research and how researchers and community groups can work together to make the research process more inclusive and sustainable.

Face mask use and viral load in patients with mild symptoms of COVID-19.

Objective: Previous studies indicated that face masks reduce the probability of infection by SARS-CoV-2 but did not examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load and mask usage. This study analyzed this relationship.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated patients admitted to a public Emergency Care Unit in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, between October 2020 and March 2021.

Antimicrobial utilisation patterns between 2013 and 2022 in Canadian neonates born at less than 33 weeks gestation: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Excessive antimicrobial exposure is associated with an increase in neonatal mortality, morbidities and adverse neurodevelopment. Canadian Neonatal Network has been promoting judicious antimicrobial use through the Evidence-based Practice for Improving Quality processes. Our objective was to evaluate the antimicrobial consumption among neonates in tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Canada in the recent decade.

Uptake and experience of professional interpreting services in primary care in a South Asian population: a national cross-sectional study.

Background: Interpreting services bridge language barriers that may prevent patients and clinicians from understanding each other, impacting quality of care and health outcomes. Despite this, there is limited up-to-date evidence regarding the barriers to and facilitators of uptake in primary care. The aim of this study was to ascertain current national uptake and experience of interpreting services in primary care (general practice) by South Asian communities in England.

Validation and TaqMan Conversion of a Molecular Chronotype Assessment Approach.

The present study aimed to develop a TaqMan genotyping card for molecular chronotype assessment based on a predictive panel of 35 previously identified genetic variants. A reliable TaqMan assay was successfully developed for 33 out of the 35 chronotype-predictive variants. The resulting TaqMan genotyping card was utilized to genetically characterize 196 new individuals (in addition to the previously studied 96) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was utilized for their phenotypical chronotype assessment.

Preparation of Polarity-Marked Microtubules Using a Plus-End Capping DARPin.

The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is formed in part by microtubules, which are relatively rigid filaments with inherent structural polarity. One consequence of this polarity is that the two ends of a microtubule have different properties with important consequences for their cellular roles. These differences are often challenging to probe within the crowded environment of the cell.

Leaf pigmentation in : Characterization of anthocyanin biosynthesis in colorful Cannabis varieties.

Cannabis plants produce a spectrum of secondary metabolites, encompassing cannabinoids and more than 300 non-cannabinoid compounds. Among these, anthocyanins have important functions in plants and also have well documented health benefits. Anthocyanins are largely responsible for the red/purple color phenotypes in plants.

Soluble Proteoglycans and Proteoglycan Fragments as Biomarkers of Pathological Extracellular Matrix Remodeling.

Proteoglycans and their proteolytic fragments diffuse into biological fluids such as plasma, serum, urine, or synovial fluid, where they can be detected by antibodies or mass-spectrometry. Neopeptides generated by the proteolysis of proteoglycans are recognized by specific neoepitope antibodies and can act as a proxy for the activity of certain proteases. Proteoglycan and proteoglycan fragments can be potentially used as prognostic, diagnostic, or theragnostic biomarkers for several diseases characterized by dysregulated extracellular matrix remodeling such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, thoracic aortic aneurysms, central nervous system disorders, viral infections, and cancer.

Correction: Kaur, M.; Menon, C. Submillimeter Sized 2D Electrothermal Optical Fiber Scanner. 2023, , 404.

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Challenges of the Biopharmaceutical Industry in the Application of Prescriptive Maintenance in the Industry 4.0 Context: A Comprehensive Literature Review.

The biopharmaceutical industry has specificities related to the optimization of its processes, the effectiveness of the maintenance of the productive park in the face of regulatory requirements. and current concepts of modern industry. Current research on the subject points to investments in the health area using the current tools and concepts of Industry 4.

Disease-Specific Risk Models for Predicting Dementia: An Umbrella Review.

Dementia is a leading cause of disability and death globally. Individuals with diseases such as cardiovascular, cardiometabolic and cerebrovascular disease are often at increased dementia risk. However, while numerous models have been developed to predict dementia, they are often not tailored to disease-specific groups.

Correction: Giunta et al. Ameliorative Effects of PACAP against Cartilage Degeneration. Morphological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical Evidence from and Models of Rat Osteoarthritis. 2015, , 5922-5944.

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Prioritizing Computational Cocrystal Prediction Methods for Experimental Researchers: A Review to Find Efficient, Cost-Effective, and User-Friendly Approaches.

Pharmaceutical cocrystals offer a versatile approach to enhancing the properties of drug compounds, making them an important tool in drug formulation and development by improving the therapeutic performance and patient experience of pharmaceutical products. The prediction of cocrystals involves using computational and theoretical methods to identify potential cocrystal formers and understand the interactions between the active pharmaceutical ingredient and coformers. This process aims to predict whether two or more molecules can form a stable cocrystal structure before performing experimental synthesis, thus saving time and resources.

Transmission of Cryphonectria Hypovirus 1 (CHV1) to and In Vitro and In Vivo Testing of Its Potential for Use as Biocontrol Against .

Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) is successful in controlling , the causal agent of chestnut blight, but little is known regarding its transmission to other fungi, for example the European . In this study, CHV1 was transmitted (circa 200,000-800,000 copies/microliter) to seven isolates from infected . Reverse transmission to virus-free (European 74 testers collection) was achieved, although it was less successful (250-55,000 copies/µL) and was dependent on the vegetative compatibility (VC) group.

Distinct Molecular Profiles Underpin Mild-To-Moderate Equine Asthma Cytological Profiles.

A state-of-the-art multi-omics approach was applied to improve our understanding of the aetio-pathogenesis of a highly prevalent, performance-limiting disorder of racehorses: mild-to-moderate equine asthma (MMEA). This is a prerequisite to improving prophylactic, management, and therapeutic options for this condition. Although a number of risk factors have been identified, options for intervention are limited.

Psychological Responses to Home-Working Practices: A Network Analysis of Relationships with Health Behaviour and Wellbeing.

Working at home, rather than in the workplace, has been suggested to affect office-based workers' health and wellbeing. This exploratory, cross-sectional study sought to identify discrete psychological responses to home-working practices and investigate their relationship with engagement in health-related behaviours and wellbeing. A sample of 491 home-workers completed a survey assessing ten psychological responses to home-working (e.

Mapping sensitivity of CVD diamond detector using synchrotron micro-beam.

In this project, we conducted micro-beam sensitivity mapping using the Diamond Light Source (DLS) synchrotron. We fabricated three samples with distinct metal contacts: Platinum (HPS-Pt) and Aluminium/Platinum (HPS-Al/Pt) on high-quality single crystal CVD diamond, and Platinum (VS-Pt) on lower purity single crystal CVD diamond. Our objective was to identify the most suitable sample for synchrotron measurements, particularly focusing on the lower purity sample due to its unique characteristics, such as thin nitrogen lines and substrate area.

Esophagitis and Pneumonitis Related to Concurrent Chemoradiation ± Durvalumab Consolidation in Unresectable Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Risk Assessment and Management Recommendations Based on a Modified Delphi Process.

The addition of durvalumab consolidation to concurrent chemoradiation therapy (cCRT) has fundamentally changed the standard of care for patients with unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, concerns related to esophagitis and pneumonitis potentially impact the broad application of all regimen components. A Canadian expert working group (EWG) was convened to provide guidance to healthcare professionals (HCPs) managing these adverse events (AEs) and to help optimize the patient experience.

Assessing evidence in translational chronobiology: The cases of Daylight Saving Time and road safety, and of school start times and sleep duration.

One of the main challenges in translating chronobiology research into clinical practice is represented by differences in how basic scientists and clinicians evaluate evidence. The workshop "Assessing Evidence in Translational Chronobiology," which was held at the University of Surrey in June 2023, addressed this issue by bringing together basic scientists and clinicians to evaluate evidence on two specific topics: the impact of Daylight Saving Time (DST) on road traffic accidents and the relationship between delayed school start times (SSTs) and sleep duration in high school students. A comprehensive literature search was conducted for discussions during the workshop, which is presented in this review.