Barriers to, and enablers of, paramedics responding to suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases: An integrative review.

Background: The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has focused attention on healthcare workers' concerns about working during a pandemic, yet research on the effect of the pandemic specifically on paramedics is lacking. This literature review aims to critically examine the current knowledge of paramedics' experience of barriers to, and enablers of, responding to suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases.

Methods: An integrative review was undertaken using articles found by a systematic search of four research databases.

Escalation of Tau Accumulation after a Traumatic Brain Injury: Findings from Positron Emission Tomography.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has come to be recognized as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), with poorly understood underlying mechanisms. We hypothesized that a history of TBI would be associated with greater tau deposition in elders with high-risk for dementia. A Groups of 20 participants with self-reported history of TBI and 100 without any such history were scanned using [F]-AV1451 positron emission tomography as part of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Proof-of-concept, rapid, instrument-free molecular detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and ciprofloxacin susceptibility.

Objectives: To develop instrument-free point-of-care methods using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology coupled with a simple lateral flow detection system to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae and susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.

Methods: For identification of gonococcal infection, an RPA-based method was developed targeting the gonococcal porA pseudogene (NG-porA-RPA). For ciprofloxacin susceptibility, predictive WT sequences at codons 91 and 95 of the gonococcal gyrA DNase gene were targeted.

A novel skin cancer prevention strategy: Preservice teachers' perceptions of a sun safety intervention and experiences in schools.

Issue Addressed: Teachers play a vital role in developing children's sun protection routines however upskilling preservice teachers (PSTs) while at university has not yet been trialled as a targeted skin cancer prevention strategy. Hence, this study investigated PSTs perceptions and experiences of sun safety following a brief pilot intervention and placement in primary schools in Western Australia.

Methods: This study used a triangulation mixed methods design.

Development and validation of a Perceived Relocation Stress Scale for older individuals transferred to long-term care facilities in Taiwan.

Background: The aim of the current study was to develop and validate a Perceived Relocation Stress Scale.

Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used. A total of 175 older adults residing in long-term care facilities in Southern Taiwan for at least 1 y were recruited.

Sensory approaches in psychiatric units: Patterns and influences of use in one Australian health region.

Background/aim: Australian guidelines and policies recommend the use of sensory approaches in mental health care. Nevertheless, many Australian psychiatric units report difficulty sustaining these approaches. To inform efforts to close the gap between recommendations and practice, the aim of this study was to understand the patterns of use of sensory approaches and what demographic and clinical factors influence their use, across one health region in Queensland, Australia.

Missing in action: the right to the highest attainable standard of mental health care.

Background: The right to the highest attainable standard of mental health remains a distant goal worldwide. The Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on the right of all people to enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health pleaded the urgent need for governments to act through appropriate laws and policies. We argue that Australia is in breach of international obligations, with inadequate access to mental health services, inconsistent mental health legislation across jurisdictions and ongoing structural (systematic) and individual discrimination.

Understanding Sociocultural Influences on Physical Activity in Relation to Overweight and Obesity in a Rural Indigenous Community of Fiji Islands.

Introduction: Given health disparities and increased rates of obesity and non-communicable diseases seen in Indigenous populations worldwide and the evidence connecting sociocultural knowledge with physical activity, health, and wellbeing, this research was undertaken to understand the social and cultural components contributing to obesity in the Indigenous Fijian rural areas.

Methods: This research is a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project, which engaged community members from a rural iTaukei village in the Fiji Islands. Data collection was carried out through community consultation and semi-structured interviews.

Establishing the Geriatric Emergency Department Intervention in Queensland emergency departments: a qualitative implementation study using the i-PARIHS model.

Background: Frail older adults require specific, targeted care and expedited shared decision making in the emergency department (ED) to prevent poor outcomes and minimise time spent in this chaotic environment. The Geriatric Emergency Department Intervention (GEDI) model was developed to help limit these undesirable consequences. This qualitative study aimed to explore the ways in which two hospital implementation sites implemented the structures and processes of the GEDI model and to examine the ways in which the i-PARIHS (innovation-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework influenced the implementation.

Sitting less and moving more for improved metabolic and brain health in type 2 diabetes: 'OPTIMISE your health' trial protocol.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines recommend that adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) sit less and move more throughout the day. The 18-month OPTIMISE Your Health Clinical Trial was developed to support desk-based workers with T2D achieve these recommendations. The two-arm protocol consists of an intervention and control arms.

Lack of cognitive impairment in long-term survivors of colorectal cancer.

Background: Our longitudinal study reported cognitive impairment in 43% of people following diagnosis of localised colorectal cancer (CRC) versus 15% in healthy controls (p < 0.001) and 50% versus 13% 1-2 years later (p < 0.001).

Efficacy and safety of a universal influenza A vaccine (MVA-NP+M1) in adults when given after seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine immunisation (FLU009): a phase 2b, randomised, double-blind trial.

Background: In animal, epidemiological, and human challenge studies, a pre-existing T-cell response to internal proteins of influenza A has been associated with improved virological and disease outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether inducing additional responses to conserved CD4 and CD8 T-cell antigens provides added benefit to standard influenza vaccination.

Methods: We designed a phase 2b, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of a recombinant viral-vectored vaccine (modified vaccinia Ankara expressing virus nucleoprotein and matrix protein 1; MVA-NP+M1), which has been shown to induce both CD4 and CD8 T cells, at eight outpatient clinical trial sites in Australia over two consecutive influenza seasons.

Physical fitness profiles of female Australian football players across five competition levels.

Objectives: To examine physical fitness profiles of female Australian football players and investigate differences according to competition level.

Methods: A testing battery of 28 physical fitness assessments was undertaken with 240 players across five competition levels: elite senior (≥18 years), non-elite senior (≥18 years), high-level junior (<18 years), non-elite junior (14-17 years), and non-elite junior (10-13 years). Physical fitness profiles were examined and competition level differences were investigated using multivariate analyses of variance.

Profiling the kicking and handballing accuracy of female Australian football players across five competition levels.

Objectives: To profile the kicking and handballing accuracy of female Australian football (AF) players and investigate potential differences across five competition levels.

Methods: Female AF players were classified into five competition levels: elite senior (≥18 years) (=35), non-elite senior (≥18 years) (=58), high-level junior (<18 years) (=32), non-elite junior (14-17 years) (=38), and non-elite junior (10-13 years) (=42). Modified AF kicking and handballing tests examined accuracy outcomes.

Identifying and prioritising climate change adaptation actions for greater one-horned rhinoceros () conservation in Nepal.

Climate change has started impacting species, ecosystems, genetic diversity within species, and ecological interactions and is thus a serious threat to conserving biodiversity globally. In the absence of adequate adaptation measures, biodiversity may continue to decline, and many species will possibly become extinct. Given that global temperature continues to increase, climate change adaptation has emerged as an overarching framework for conservation planning.

Silent voices of the midwives: factors that influence midwives' achievement of successful neonatal resuscitation in sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative inquiry.

Background: In Tanzania, birth asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death. The aim of this study was to identify factors that influence successful neonatal resuscitation to inform clinical practice and reduce the incidence of very early neonatal death (death within 24 h of delivery).

Methods: This was a qualitative narrative inquiry study utilizing the 32 consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).

Predicted declines in suitable habitat for greater one-horned rhinoceros () under future climate and land use change scenarios.

Rapidly changing climate is likely to modify the spatial distribution of both flora and fauna. Land use change continues to alter the availability and quality of habitat and further intensifies the effects of climate change on wildlife species. We used an ensemble modeling approach to predict changes in habitat suitability for an iconic wildlife species, greater one-horned rhinoceros due to the combined effects of climate and land use changes.

Exposure to childhood trauma increases risk of opioid use disorder among people prescribed opioids for chronic non-cancer pain.

Background: Little is known about childhood trauma exposure and Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) among people prescribed opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). We aimed to (1) describe childhood trauma exposure among this population, and (2) examine if childhood trauma exposure was an independent risk factor for OUD among people prescribed opioids for CNCP.

Methods: This study used baseline data from 1514 people prescribed opioids for CNCP in Australia.

A multimodal approach to improve asthmatic adolescents' self-efficacy in Taiwan.

Background: An efficient asthma self-management for adolescents must be based on adolescents' needs, increase self-efficacy and adherence to treatment. The effects of such program are likely be dose dependent.

Aim: To examine the impact of the dose-effect of multiple components on an asthma self-management program for adolescents aged 12-18 years in Taiwan.

Conceptualising Rugby League Performance Within an Ecological Dynamics Framework: Providing Direction for Player Preparation and Development.

Across team sports, it is critically important to appropriately define, evaluate and then aptly describe individual and team performance. This is of particular significance when we consider that performance models govern the direction of player preparation (short term) and development (long term) frameworks. Within the context of rugby league, this has traditionally been undertaken through hierarchical and linear processes.

Evaluation of Research Capacity and Culture of Health Professionals Working with Women, Children and Families at an Australian Public Hospital: A Cross Sectional Observational Study.

Background: There is limited evidence for use of the Research Capacity and Culture tool across multidisciplinary health professionals. We explored using the Research Capacity and Culture tool among multidisciplinary health professionals at an Australian secondary hospital.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study where online and paper-based surveys of the Research Capacity and Culture tool were disseminated between November 2020 and January 2021.

Air, Air, Air: a champion midwife programme in Tanzania using HOT neonatal resuscitation-lessons learned.

Background: Tanzania has approximately 40 000 newborn deaths per year, with >25% of these linked to intrapartum-related hypoxia. The Helping Babies Breathe© and Golden minute© (HBB©) programme was developed to teach skilled intervention for non-breathing neonates at birth. While Helping Babies Breathe© and Golden minute©, providing training in simulated bag and mask ventilation, is theoretically successful in the classroom, it often fails to transfer to clinical practice without further support.

Identifying Chinese Medicine Patterns of Tension-Type Headache and Understanding Its Subgroups.

Tension-type headache (TTH) is common among adults. Individualized management strategies are limited due to lack of understanding of subtypes of TTH. Chinese medicine (CM) uses the pattern differentiation approach to subtype all health conditions.

Injury profiles of Australian football players across five, women's and girls' competition levels.

Objectives: To describe injury profiles of Australian football players and explore trends across five, women's and girls' competition levels.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Injuries were prospectively recorded by team personnel across one or two seasons of Australian football (2017-18 and/or 2018-19) including five, women's and girls' competition levels (elite senior, non-elite senior, high-level junior, non-elite junior (14-17 years), and non-elite junior (10-13 years)).