9,881 results match your criteria: "University of Strathclyde.[Affiliation]"

Advances in Super-resolution Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy.

Chem Biomed Imaging

November 2024

Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, United Kingdom.

Article Synopsis
  • Super-resolution optical imaging allows scientists to see tiny molecular details in samples beyond the usual limitations of light microscopy.
  • A recent advancement in this field is stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, which enables 3D visualization of cellular structures using various colors at a nanometer scale.
  • Different techniques, such as optical engineering, expansion microscopy, deconvolution analysis, and photoswitchable reporters, help achieve super-resolution, offering insights into biological structures and cellular interactions with detailed clarity.
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Considering the role of human interactions in infectious disease outbreaks and cooperation in mitigating natural disasters consequences, ecological threats to human survival have been among proposed drivers of collectivism. Utilizing established and novel measures of parasite stress and natural disasters, we investigated their association with collectivism in a large sample of countries (N = 188). Linear mixed-effect models indicated that after controlling for national wealth, neither natural disasters nor infectious disease can predict collectivism scores.

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Non-ionic surfactant vesicles exert anti-inflammatory effects through inhibition of NFκB.

J Inflamm (Lond)

November 2024

Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.

Inflammation can be an unwanted consequence or cause of debilitating diseases of infectious and non-infectious aetiologies. Current anti-inflammatory medications have several deficiencies including lack of specificity and undesirable side effects. Herein, the potential of non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NISV) comprised of monopalmityol glycerol, dicetyl phosphate and cholesterol) as an anti-inflammatory drug and their mode of action is investigated.

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Amphotericin B Ocular Films for Fungal Keratitis and a Novel 3D-Printed Microfluidic Ocular Lens Infection Model.

J Fungi (Basel)

November 2024

Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

Fungal keratitis (FK), a severe eye infection that leads to vision impairment and blindness, poses a high risk to contact lens users, and remains the most common underpinning fungal pathogen in temperate climates. Patients are initially treated empirically (econazole 1% drops hourly for 24-48 h), and if there is no response, amphotericin B (AmB) 0.15% eye drops (extemporaneously manufactured to be stable for a week) are the gold-standard treatment.

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The Natural Products Atlas 3.0: extending the database of microbially derived natural products.

Nucleic Acids Res

January 2025

Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.

The Natural Products Atlas is a database of microbially derived natural products that contains structures, producing organism taxonomy, biosynthetic and chemical ontology classifications, grouping by compound classes and cross-links to a suite of other natural product-related data resources. The database is supported by a web server that includes functionality to browse the collection, search the database using both chemical structures and text/numerical terms and visualize the chemical diversity it contains using interactive dashboards. In the current database release, we have curated 1347 papers, increasing the number of compounds to 36 545.

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Background: Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for treating various disorders by introducing modified nucleic acids to correct cellular dysfunctions or introduce new functions. Despite significant advancements in the field, the effective delivery of nucleic acids remains a challenge, due to biological barriers and the immune system's ability to target and destroy these molecules. Due to their branched structure and ability to condense negatively charged nucleic acids, cationic dendrimers have shown potential in overcoming these challenges.

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A hybrid system of mixture models for the prediction of particle size and shape, density, and flowability of pharmaceutical powder blends.

Int J Pharm X

December 2024

Digital Medicines Manufacturing (DM) Research Centre, Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation (CMAC), Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.

This paper presents a system of hybrid models that combine both mechanistic and data-driven approaches to predict physical powder blend properties from their raw component properties. Mechanistic, probabilistic models were developed to predict the particle size and shape, represented by aspect ratio, distributions of pharmaceutical blends using those of the raw components. Additionally, the accuracy of existing mixture rules for predicting the blend's true density and bulk density was assessed.

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Vascular function serves as a prognostic marker for cardiovascular disease and may exhibit seasonal variations due to lifestyle and environmental factors. Our systematic review aimed to determine whether seasonal variations in vascular function are present. We conducted a search of five databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Biomed Central) to identify evidence of seasonal variations in vascular function.

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Objectives: Increasingly, discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are conducted online, with little consideration of the digitally excluded, who are unable to participate. Policy makers or others considering online research data need clarity about how views might differ across this "digital divide." We took tasks from an existing online DCE designed to elicit social preferences for health and well-being outcomes.

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Towards circularity in the wind industry: Optimal reverse supply network design under various policy scenarios.

Waste Manag

January 2025

National Technical University of Athens, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sector of Industrial Management and Operational Research, 9 Iroon Polytechniou str., 15780 Zografou, Greece.

Wind energy is key to supply renewable energy. However, the increasing number of end-of-life wind turbines is still predominantly landfilled, while regulatory aspects such as waste shipment and landfilling rules hinder the development and scalable implementation of reverse supply networks. This work aims to understand how EU directives impact the structure and viability of circularity-enabling networks by investigating the optimal reverse supply network design for end-of-life wind turbine blades under different policy scenarios.

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Frailty and the Survival Outcomes of Patients With Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer.

Head Neck

November 2024

Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.

Background: Frailty increases the risk of mortality in the head and neck cancer population. This study examines the association between frailty and survival outcomes in patients with laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC).

Method: Retrospective data collection from patients in the West of Scotland diagnosed with LSCC between 2014 and 2020.

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Background: Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence is associated with a variety of health outcomes and is a powerful marker of current and future health. However, inconsistencies in tests and protocols limit international monitoring and surveillance. The objective of the study was to seek international consensus on a proposed, evidence-informed, Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery and protocols for health monitoring and surveillance in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.

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The layered structure of smectic liquid crystals cannot develop unobstructed when confined to spherical shells with layers extending in the radial direction, since the available cross section area increases from the inside to the outside of the shell yet the number and thickness of layers must be constant. For smectic-A (SmA) liquid crystals, with the layer normal parallel to the director , the frustration breaks up the texture into spherical lune domains with twist deformations of alternating sense, overlaid with a herringbone-like secondary modulation and mediated localized bend regions where the boundary conditions are violated. The SmC phase has more degrees of freedom to resolve the frustration thanks to its non-zero tilt angle between and , but its response to tangential shell confinement was never studied.

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Understanding transmission pathways of important opportunistic, drug-resistant pathogens, such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing , is essential to implementing targeted prevention strategies to interrupt transmission and reduce the number of infections. To link transmission of ESBL-producing (ESBL-EC) between two sources, single-nucleotide resolution of strains, as well as diversity within and between samples, is required. However, the microbiological methods to best track these pathogens are unclear.

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Circadian rhythm-related individual differences such as chronotypes (morningness/eveningness) are associated with mental health though not elucidated in circadian-disrupted populations such as flight attendants. International flight attendants ( = 288) aged 21 to 55 (70.8% female, 76.

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Gastrointestinal (GI) mucus is a biologically complex hydrogel that acts as a partially permeable barrier between the contents of the GI tract and the mucosal epithelial lining. Its structural integrity is essential for the lubrication of the tract thereby aiding smooth transit of contents, and the protection of the epithelium from pathogens that seek to colonise and invade. Understanding its physical response to drugs and the microbiome is essential for treating many gastrointestinal infectious diseases.

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Modelling plausible scenarios for the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant from early-stage surveillance.

Epidemics

December 2024

Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

We used a spatially explicit agent-based model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission combined with spatially fine-grained COVID-19 observation data from Public Health Scotland to investigate the initial rise of the Omicron (BA.1) variant of concern. We evaluated plausible scenarios for transmission rate advantage and vaccine immune escape relative to the Delta variant based on the data that would have been available at that time.

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Heparin-azithromycin microparticles show anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and bacterial pathogens associated to lung infections.

Carbohydr Polym

January 2025

Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Farmacia Industrial, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:

Pulmonary infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, a situation exacerbated by the COVID-19. Azithromycin (AZM) is used orally to treat pulmonary infections due to its ability to accumulate in lung tissues and immune cells after oral administration. Sulfated polysaccharides, such as heparin, are known to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry.

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Here we describe the data obtained by a successful proof-of-concept initiative to launch the first ocean color imager on board a CubeSat satellite and collect research-grade imagery at severalfold higher spatial resolution than any other ocean color satellite mission. The 3U CubeSat, named SeaHawk, flew at a nominal altitude of 585 km. Its ocean color sensor, HawkEye, collected 7,471 research-grade push-broom images of 230 × 780 km at best-in-class 130 × 130 m per pixel.

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Objectives: Using electronic health records, we derived and internally validated a prediction model to estimate risk factors for long COVID and predict individual risk of developing long COVID.

Design: Population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Scotland.

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Objective: This scoping review will map the extent and type of evidence in relation to the association between maternal long term health conditions (LTCs), including multimorbidity, and child oral health.

Introduction: Newer theories are emerging that detail the many factors that can influence child oral health at child, family and community levels. More recently, the association between maternal general health and child oral health has been explored, with preliminary evidence suggesting a link between shared environmental factors and diet/substance use during pregnancy causing childhood caries.

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Spatial variation in the intensity of magnetospheric and ionospheric fluctuations during solar storms creates ground-induced currents, of importance in both infrastructure engineering and geophysical science. This activity is presently measured using a network of ground-based magnetometers, typically consisting of extensive installations at established observatory sites. We show that this network can be enhanced by the addition of remote quantum magnetometers which combine high sensitivity with intrinsic calibration.

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Article Synopsis
  • * This research created the Mosquito-Associated Isolate Collection (MosAIC) with 392 bacterial isolates and their genomic data to provide more detailed information than previous studies, which mainly relied on basic genetic markers.
  • * The study also analyzed specific bacterial genera and discovered gene clusters linked to mosquito host interactions, paving the way for future research on how these bacteria affect mosquito behavior and disease transmission.
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Spatial and Temporal Visualization of Polymorphic Transformations in Pharmaceutical Tablets.

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl

January 2025

Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom.

X-ray Diffraction Computed Tomography (XRD-CT) represents a cutting-edge method for non-destructive material analysis, offering the unique capability of providing molecular-level information with spatial resolution. In this study, we have applied XRD-CT to investigate pharmaceutically relevant tablets that have been subjected to a range of compression pressures typical in tablet manufacturing. By employing XRD-CT to pharmaceutical tablets, we reveal material changes without tablet destruction, thereby avoiding potential phase transformations during sample preparation that could lead to errors in the interpretation of the processes that have occurred.

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Mixed method analysis of anthropogenic groundwater contamination of drinking water sources in Malawi.

Sci Total Environ

December 2024

Department of Water Resources, Ministry of Water and Sanitation, Government of Malawi, Private Bag 390, Lilongwe, Malawi.

Groundwater contamination poses significant challenges to public health and sustainable development in Malawi, where approximately 80 % of the population relies on groundwater sources for drinking water. This study investigates the presence and drivers of nitrate and E. coli contamination in groundwater used for drinking.

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