Prediction of death rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancers.

Background: To estimate cardiovascular and cancer death rates by regions and time periods.

Design: Novel statistical methods were used to analyze clinical surveillance data.

Methods: A multicenter, population-based medical survey was performed.

Risk of developing psychiatric disease among adult patients with skin disease: A 9-year national register follow-up study in Norway.

Background: The existing association between skin disease and psychiatric comorbidity has gained attention during the last decades. Stress and mental illness can directly or indirectly affect skin disease, while dermatological conditions, known to impair life quality and mental well-being, can promote psychiatric conditions.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of developing psychiatric disease among adult dermatological patients over a period of time.

Photodegradable antimicrobial agents: towards structure optimization.

Antibiotic resistance continues to be an ominous threat facing human health globally and urgent action is required to limit the loss of human life. The pollution of antibiotics into the environment is one of the drivers behind the crisis. With this in mind, we have developed novel photodecomposable antimicrobial agents based on an ethanolamine scaffold, which upon photoirradiation decomposes into two major inactive fragments.

Cognitive and Motor Decline in Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's Disease Dementia.

Background: There is a need to better understand the rate of cognitive and motor decline of Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease Dementia (PDD).

Objectives: To compare the rate of cognitive and motor decline in patients with DLB and PDD from the E-DLB Consortium and the Parkinson's Incidence Cohorts Collaboration (PICC) Cohorts.

Methods: The annual change in MMSE and MDS-UPDRS part III was estimated using linear mixed regression models in patients with at least one follow-up (DLB  = 837 and PDD  = 157).

Preanalytical stability of plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Introduction: Plasma tests have demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for identifying Alzheimer's disease pathology. To facilitate the transition to clinical utility, we assessed whether plasma storage duration and temperature affect the biomarker concentrations.

Methods: Plasma samples from 13 participants were stored at +4°C and +18°C.

Spectral features of resting-state EEG in Parkinson's Disease: A multicenter study using functional data analysis.

Objective: This study aims 1) To analyse differences in resting-state electroencephalogram (rs-EEG) spectral features of Parkinson's Disease (PD) and healthy subjects (non-PD) using Functional Data Analysis (FDA) and 2) To explore, in four independent cohorts, the external validity and reproducibility of the findings using both epoch-to-epoch FDA and averaged-epochs approach.

Methods: We included 169 subjects (85 non-PD; 84 PD) from four centres. Rs-EEG signals were preprocessed with a combination of automated pipelines.

Does the science criterion rest on thin ice?

This paper explores whether a central plank of the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) - the science criterion - is threatened by anthropogenic climate change. It begins by situating the origins of the ATS within the context of the International Geophysical Year (IGY), and the privileged position that science obtained within first the IGY and later the ATS. This extends to science functioning as the dominant currency through which states may ascend to the level of consultative parties (CPs), the highest level of authority within the ATS.

Mimicking orchids lure bees from afar with exaggerated ultraviolet signals.

Flowers have many traits to appeal to pollinators, including ultraviolet (UV) absorbing markings, which are well-known for attracting bees at close proximity (e.g., <1 m).

Perceived stress in patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory skin conditions. An observational controlled study among 255 Norwegian dermatological outpatients.

Background: Inflammation may increase stress, while stress may promote inflammation. Most dermatological conditions are chronic and inflammatory, while some, such as cancer, naevi and tumours are non-inflammatory, but may cause stress because of the fear of malignancy and the necessity for surgical and other invasive treatments. Stress among patients with skin diseases is little explored.

Graphene-based phenformin carriers for cancer cell treatment: a comparative study between oxidized and pegylated pristine graphene in human cells and zebrafish.

Graphene is an attractive choice for the development of an effective drug carrier in cancer treatment due to its high adsorption area and pH-responsive drug affinity. In combination with the highly potent metabolic drug phenformin, increased doses could be efficiently delivered to cancer cells. This study compares the use of graphene oxide (GO) and polyethylene glycol stabilized (PEGylated) pristine graphene nanosheets (PGNSs) for drug delivery applications with phenformin.

Body mass index trajectories and associations with cognitive decline in people with Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Background And Aims: In older adults with dementia, low body mass index (BMI) is associated with higher mortality and other adverse health outcomes. BMI or nutritional status trajectories from diagnosis have not yet been well described in dementia, especially in people with Lewy body dementia (LBD); a group that has a poorer prognosis. With this study, we aimed to evaluate the BMI trajectory in people diagnosed with mild LBD and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Erasing the extinct: the hunt for Caribbean monk seals and museum collection practices.

The Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis), the only seal species native to Central America, was declared extinct in 2008, with the last confirmed sighting in 1952. This species historically had a broad range throughout the gulf of Mexico. This article discusses the history of Western science on the monk seal, from its first recorded sighting by a Western colonizer in 1492 to scientific collection in the 1800s and 1900s, as a history of the erasure of this species.

Utilizing Zirconium MOF-functionalized Fiber Substrates Prepared by Molecular Layer Deposition for Toxic Gas Capture and Chemical Warfare Agent Degradation.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of porous organic-inorganic solids extensively explored for numerous applications owing to their catalytic activity and high surface area. In this work MOF thin films deposited in a one-step, molecular layer deposition (MLD), an all-gas-phase process, on glass wool fibers are characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and their capabilities towards toxic industrial chemical (TIC) capture and chemical warfare agents (CWA) degradation are investigated. It is shown that despite low volume of the active material used, MOFs thin films are capable of removal of harmful gaseous chemicals from air stream and CWA from neutral aqueous environment.

Dementia with Lewy bodies research consortia: A global perspective from the ISTAART Lewy Body Dementias Professional Interest Area working group.

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) research has seen a significant growth in international collaboration over the last three decades. However, researchers face a challenge in identifying large and diverse samples capable of powering longitudinal studies and clinical trials. The DLB research community has begun to focus efforts on supporting the development and harmonization of consortia, while also continuing to forge networks within which data and findings can be shared.

Determinants of Interindividual Variation in Exercise-Induced Cardiac Troponin I Levels.

Background Postexercise cardiac troponin levels show considerable interindividual variations. This study aimed to identify the major determinants of this postexercise variation in cardiac troponin I (cTnI) following 3 episodes of prolonged high-intensity endurance exercise. Methods and Results Study subjects were recruited among prior participants in a study of recreational cyclists completing a 91-km mountain bike race in either 2013 or 2014 (first race).

Nutritional Assessment in Patients with Early-Onset Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease Due to PSEN1- E280A Genetic Variant: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Weight loss and malnutrition are frequent findings in late-onset and sporadic presentations of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, less is known about nutritional status in Early-Onset Autosomal Dominant AD (EO-ADAD).

Objective: To analyze the association between nutritional status and other clinical and sociodemographic characteristics in individuals with a genetic form of EO-ADAD.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Nigeria.

This article chronicles the present situation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in Nigeria. A systematic search was conducted on three bibliographic databases: MEDLINE Complete, Web of Science and Scopus, and supplemented with grey literature searches to assess studies on the effect of COVID-19 on these individuals in Nigeria with data on this group from December 2019 to July 2020. There were no studies found concerning individuals with IDD in Nigeria.

Resting-state EEG alpha/theta ratio related to neuropsychological test performance in Parkinson's Disease.

Objective: To determine possible associations of hemispheric-regional alpha/theta ratio (α/θ) with neuropsychological test performance in Parkinson's Disease (PD) non-demented patients.

Methods: 36 PD were matched to 36 Healthy Controls (HC). The α/θ in eight hemispheric regions was computed from the relative power spectral density of the resting-state quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG).

Data entry quality of double data entry vs automated form processing technologies: A cohort study validation of optical mark recognition and intelligent character recognition in a clinical setting.

Background And Aims: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used in health services. Paper forms are still often used to register such data. Manual double data entry (DDE) has been defined as the gold standard for transferring data to an electronic format but is laborious and costly.

What is the role of transformational leadership, work environment and patient safety culture for person-centred care? A cross-sectional study in Norwegian nursing homes and home care services.

Aim: To examine how transformational leadership, job demands, job resources and patient safety culture contribute in explaining person-centred care in nursing homes and home care services.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Healthcare professionals in four Norwegian nursing homes ( = 165) and four home care services ( = 139) participated in 2018.

Caring for home-dwelling parents with dementia: A qualitative study of adult-child caregivers' motivation.

Aim: To explore adult children's motivation in caregiving for their home-dwelling parents with dementia.

Design: Qualitative design with a phenomenological approach.

Methods: Semi-structured individual interviews with 21 adult sons and daughters who were caregivers for a parent with dementia.

A qualitative study of living with the burden from heart failure treatment: Exploring the patient capacity for self-care.

Aim: To explore how patients with heart failure perceive their capacity to manage treatment and self-care.

Design: A qualitative descriptive study.

Methods: Patients ( = 17) were recruited from a nurse-led heart failure outpatient clinic from May-August 2017.