1,185 results match your criteria: "University of Sri Jayewardenepura[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • Fat embolism syndrome is a rare condition primarily diagnosed based on clinical signs and supporting imaging studies.
  • A case is presented of a 19-year-old male who, after a tibial fracture, experienced sudden shortness of breath and other severe symptoms like fever and rapid heartbeat the next day.
  • The diagnosis of fat embolism was confirmed after noting the presence of fat globules, despite confusion due to an S1Q3T3 pattern on his ECG that suggested a possible pulmonary embolism.
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The metachromatic dye dimethylmethylene blue is used to quantify total glycosaminoglycans in urine. Understanding the interaction of dimethylmethylene blue with glycosaminoglycans is pertinent to optimize the assay procedure depending on the type of sample and interpret the findings meaningfully. The present spectrophotometric study determined the optimum sample-to-dye ratio, primary wavelength for measuring absorbance, after studying the interaction of two different chondroitin sulfate species (unfractionated chondroitin sulfate from bovine trachea vs.

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We introduce a novel LoRa-based multi-hop communication architecture as an alternative to the public internet for earthquake early warning (EEW). We examine its effectiveness in generating a meaningful warning window for the New Zealand-based decentralised EEW sensor network implemented by the CRISiSLab operating with the adapted Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM)-based earthquake detection and node-level data processing. LoRa, popular for low-power, long-range applications, has the disadvantage of long transmission time for time-critical tasks like EEW.

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This study investigates the impact of substituting lactose with maltodextrin in milk-tea formulations to enhance their physicochemical and structural properties. Various lactose-to-maltodextrin ratios (100:0, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, 75:25) were evaluated in both post-pasteurized and concentrated skim milk-tea (SM-T) and whole milk-tea (WM-T) formulations. Concentration significantly improved the zeta potential, pH, and browning index in both SM-T and WM-T compared to pasteurization.

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  • Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic breast inflammation, and recent studies evaluate intralesional steroid (ILS) injection and topical steroids as treatment options.
  • A systematic review analyzed eight studies involving 397 patients, showing that ILS resulted in a 92.8% complete response rate, with minor complications and a mean response time of 2.6 months.
  • ILS appears to have lower recurrence rates (6.6%) compared to oral steroids (25.8%) and surgery (26.3%), but further research is needed to establish standardized treatment protocols.
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Asia remains vulnerable to new and emerging infectious diseases. Understanding how to improve next generation sequencing (NGS) use in pathogen surveillance is an urgent priority for regional health security. Here we developed a pathogen genomic surveillance assessment framework to assess capacity in low-resource settings in South and Southeast Asia.

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) pose a substantial burden on global healthcare systems. When unraveling the complex pathophysiology of UTIs, bladder models are used to understand complex and multifaceted interactions between different components within the system. This review aimed to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo experimental bladder models towards UTI research.

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This study isolated and characterized four indigenous lactic acid bacterial strains from naturally fermented green tender coconut water: Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CWJ3, Lacticaseibacillus casei CWM15, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei CWKu14, and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CWKu-12. Notably, among the isolates, Lact. plantarum CWJ3 showed exceptional acid tolerance, with the highest survival rate of 37.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pseudo-Meigs syndrome involves the disappearance of pleural effusion and ascites after the removal of a pelvic tumor, whether benign or malignant.
  • A case study highlights a 48-year-old woman who experienced shortness of breath and abdominal distention due to a right-sided pleural effusion and ascites, later linked to bilateral ovarian malignancy.
  • The tumor was identified as serous adenocarcinoma, which was surgically removed, leading to the resolution of her symptoms, an occurrence not previously documented in medical literature.
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  • - The most common primary brain tumors in adults are gliomas, with glioblastomas being the most aggressive subtype that can grow rapidly and often presents vague symptoms leading to diagnostic challenges.
  • - Common symptoms of glioblastomas include headaches, seizures, and neurological signs, but they can also present atypically with personality changes or back pain, which may confuse early diagnosis.
  • - While MRI is typically used for diagnosis, it can be misleading, making brain biopsy the most reliable method to confirm glioblastoma multiforme and inform prognosis and treatment strategies.
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  • - Clinical fetal monitoring is typically expensive, requires medical professionals, and has issues like false positives and radiation exposure, leading to a demand for more accessible and cost-effective alternatives in obstetrics.
  • - This study introduces a wearable device for home use that monitors fetal movements and distress comfortably and non-invasively during the final trimester, using a microcontroller, accelerometer, and a low-cost microphone.
  • - The prototype features a GSM-based alert system for immediate notifications and has demonstrated zero false negatives in detecting fetal movements, validating its effectiveness against an open-source database.
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The present study aimed to isolate a bioactive compound from Sri Lankan edible marine brown algae, Chnoospora minima, to manage diabetes. The de-polysaccharide crude methanolic extract was partitioned using hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate with increased polarity. The samples were subjected to determine the quantitative phytochemical analysis, antioxidants, and antidiabetic potentials.

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  • Researchers studied how the dengue virus affects patients early in their illness to see if the amount of virus (viraemia) is linked to how sick they get later.
  • They looked at 362 patients in Sri Lanka over several years and found that the type of dengue virus they had influenced the amount of virus in their bodies, but it didn't really change how severe their illness became.
  • In the end, they discovered that even though some dengue virus types led to lower viral loads, those infected with a specific type (DENV2) had a higher chance of getting very sick, but overall, the amount of virus didn’t predict how sick people would get.
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Metagenomic analysis of colonic tissue and stool microbiome in patients with colorectal cancer in a South Asian population.

BMC Cancer

September 2024

Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.

Background: The gut microbiome is thought to play an important role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, as the gut microbiome varies widely based on diet, we sought to investigate the gut microbiome changes in patients with CRC in a South Asian population.

Methods: The gut microbiome was assessed by 16s metagenomic sequencing targeting the V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA in stool samples (n = 112) and colonic tissue (n = 36) in 112 individuals.

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Metformin (MET) is the commonly prescribed hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Pleiotropic effects of MET are emerging as a medication for other diseases including breast cancer (BC). Therefore, a literature review was conducted to investigate whether the anticancer effects of MET are mediated through adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK).

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Women with a history of Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a high risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in their future life. Lifestyle interventions are known to reduce this progression. The success of a lifestyle intervention mainly depends on its feasibility.

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Dengue NS1 interaction with lipids alters its pathogenic effects on monocyte derived macrophages.

J Biomed Sci

September 2024

Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.

Background: While dengue NS1 antigen has been shown to be associated with disease pathogenesis in some studies, it has not been linked in other studies, with the reasons remaining unclear. NS1 antigen levels in acute dengue are often associated with increased disease severity, but there has been a wide variation in results based on past dengue infection and infecting dengue virus (DENV) serotype. As NS1 engages with many host lipids, we hypothesize that the type of NS1-lipid interactions alters its pathogenicity.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the molecular epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of influenza A in Sri Lanka's Western Province, emphasizing the need for genomic sequencing to inform seasonal vaccine selection amid pandemic concerns raised by the WHO.
  • From November 2022 to May 2024, researchers collected samples from 349 individuals with respiratory symptoms, finding influenza A in 14%, influenza B in 5.7%, and SARS-CoV-2 in 11.7% of participants, with some experiencing co-infections.
  • Phylogenetic analysis revealed specific clades and subclades for H1N1 and H3N2 strains, along with multiple amino acid substitutions in the H1N1 sequences between
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This research investigates the influence of milling methods and starter cultures on the structural characteristics of water-extractable arabinoxylans (WE-AX) in stone-milled whole-grain flour and sourdough bread. Stone milling was conducted to generate six different whole wheat flour samples, from which sourdough bread was produced using wheat and rye starter cultures. The study found that both milling parameters and the type of starter culture significantly impacted the fine structural details of WE-AX, including sugar composition, arabinoxylan (AX) content, and the arabinose-to-xylose (A/X) ratio values.

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Background: Localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) is a chronic ulcerating disease. A literature review identified inconsistencies in clinical trials. The aims of this study were to reach a consensus on the most important domains to measure when assessing LCL, agree on parameters to measure the domains, and develop a tool representing a Core Outcome Set (COS), for use in clinical assessment of LCL.

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Circular leaf spot (CLS) disease poses a significant threat to persimmon cultivation, leading to substantial harvest reductions. Existing visual and destructive inspection methods suffer from subjectivity, limited accuracy, and considerable time consumption. This study presents an automated pre-identification method of the disease through a deep learning (DL) based pipeline integrated with optical coherence tomography (OCT), thereby addressing the highlighted issues with the existing methods.

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The rapid increase in the production of powdered milk-tea blends is driven by a growing awareness of the presence of highly nutritious bioactive compounds and consumer demand for convenient beverages. However, the lack of literature on the impact of heat-induced component interactions during processing hinders the production of high-quality milk-tea powders. The production process of milk-tea powder blends includes the key steps of pasteurization, evaporation, and spray drying.

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The relative lack of marine venom could be attributed to the difficulty in dealing with venomous marine animals. Moreover, the venom of marine animals consists of various bioactive molecules, many of which are proteins with unique properties. In this study, we investigated the potential toxic proteins of jellyfish collected for ligand screening to understand the mechanism of the toxic effects of jellyfish.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study assessed how Research Ethics Committees (RECs) in seven Asian countries responded to the challenges posed by COVID-19 under tight timelines and public pressure.
  • A survey involving 688 REC members and 197 chairs/secretaries revealed that while most RECs had standard operating procedures, many lacked experience in reviewing COVID-19 related protocols, with 93% of members needing additional training.
  • SR-RECs demonstrated better adherence to ethical guidelines and faced more specific challenges in risk assessment and informed consent compared to NSR-RECs, highlighting the importance of established ethical review processes during health crises.*
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Global burden of metabolic diseases, 1990-2021.

Metabolism

November 2024

MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for the Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:

Background: Common metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), have become a global health burden in the last three decades. The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data enables the first insights into the trends and burdens of these metabolic diseases from 1990 to 2021, highlighting regional, temporal and differences by sex.

Methods: Global estimates of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths from GBD 2021 were analyzed for common metabolic diseases (T2DM, hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and MASLD).

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