Seasonal variation in morphotype composition of pelagic Sargassum influx events is linked to oceanic origin.

The recent proliferation of pelagic Sargassum spp. in the Tropical Atlantic causes major ecological and socioeconomic impacts to the wider Caribbean when it washes ashore, with regional fisheries and tourism industries particularly affected. The Caribbean influxes have been tracked to a new bloom region known as the North Equatorial Recirculation Region (NERR) encompassing the area between the South Equatorial Current and the North Equatorial Counter Current and extending from Africa to South America.

Environmental extremes drive population structure at the northern range limit of Atlantic salmon in North America.

Conservation of exploited species requires an understanding of both genetic diversity and the dominant structuring forces, particularly near range limits, where climatic variation can drive rapid expansions or contractions of geographic range. Here, we examine population structure and landscape associations in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) across a heterogeneous landscape near the northern range limit in Labrador, Canada. Analysis of two amplicon-based data sets containing 101 microsatellites and 376 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 35 locations revealed clear differentiation between populations spawning in rivers flowing into a large marine embayment (Lake Melville) compared to coastal populations.

Adapting to Life after Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: An Examination of Psychological Resilience and Depression on the Mississippi Gulf Coast.

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among depression, psychological resilience, and other sociodemographic factors of individuals who were highly exposed to Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in 2010. A spatially stratified random sample of 294 Mississippi Gulf Coast residents living in close proximity to the Gulf of Mexico were surveyed. Findings indicated that low education attainment, financial hardship, and disaster-related damages increased the likelihood of depression, whereas psychological resilience and having health insurance reduced the odds of depression.

Seasonal hypoxia regulates macrobenthic function and structure in the Mississippi Bight.

Hypoxic conditions are escalating to the east of the Mississippi River within the Mississippi Bight. The objective of this study was to examine changes in macrobenthic function and structure relative to seasonal hypoxia over a 3.5year period at the 10m (Site 6) and 20m (Site 8) isobaths within the Mississippi Bight.

Willingness to use ADHD Self-Management: Mixed Methods Study of Perceptions by Adolescents and Parents.

Little is known about perceptions surrounding self-management for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although such interventions appear commonly used and are considered essential components of the chronic care model. Our research is part of a mixed methods study that followed students at high and low risk for ADHD over 11 years. During the final study years, area-representative samples of 148 adolescents (54.

Variability in the characterization of total coliforms, fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli in recreational water supplies of north Mississippi, USA.

The fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, is a historical organism for the detection of fecal pollution in water supplies. The presence of E. coli indicates a potential contamination of the water supply by other more hazardous human pathogens.

New concepts concerning prostate cancer screening.

Prostate Cancer (CaP) is rapidly becoming a worldwide health issue. While CaP mortality has decreased in recent years, coincident with the widespread use of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) screening, it remains the most common solid tumor in men and is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The frequency of CaP is growing not only in western cultures, but also its incidence is dramatically increasing in eastern nations.

MiR-200, a new star miRNA in human cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of non-coding small RNA molecules in control of gene expression at posttranscriptional/translational level. They not only play crucial roles in normal developmental progress, but also are commonly dysregulated in human diseases, including cancer. MiR-200 is a family of tumor suppressor miRNAs consisting of five members, which are significantly involved in inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), repression of cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal and differentiation, modulation of cell division and apoptosis, and reversal of chemoresistance.

Chimpanzees do not take advantage of very low cost opportunities to deliver food to unrelated group members.

We conducted experiments on two populations of chimpanzees, , to determine whether they would take advantage of opportunities to provide food rewards to familiar group members at little cost to themselves. In both of the experiments described here, chimpanzees were able to deliver identical rewards to themselves and to other members of their social groups. We compared the chimpanzees' behaviour when they were paired with another chimpanzee and when they were alone.

Grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.) play a pivotal trophic role in enhancing Ruppia maritima.

Coupled trophic-engineer interactions are potentially important for maintaining habitat function and ecosystem services. As ephemeral submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV), Ruppia maritima has a short well-defined growth-senescence cycle and should benefit from any ecological interaction that enhances its physical condition and longevity. Grass shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.

Performance improvement in higher education: adapting a model from health care agencies.

Because a nationwide nursing shortage continues to affect consumers of nursing education, it is currently more important than ever for nurse educators to continue to define and evaluate the quality of their programs. The authors propose that a model used by an industry leader in health care accreditation, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, can be adapted to evaluate the quality of nursing programs. This model is improvement oriented and data driven, targeting program functions and processes, rather than being problem focused.

Effects of text difficulty and adults' age on relative calibration of comprehension.

Weaver and Bryant (1995) proposed the optimum effort hypothesis, suggesting that undergraduate students were better able to predict comprehension when text materials matched their reading level (grade 12) as opposed to being too easy or too difficult (Weaver and Bryant did not assess the actual reading level of their participants). In the study, we examined the reading level and accuracy of performance prediction of both younger and older adults using Weaver and Bryant's materials. Regardless of our participants' high reading levels (grade 14 and above), they still predicted performance best when texts were written at around the grade 12 level, failing to support the optimum effort hypothesis.

The relationships of resting baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate variability and measures of impulse control in children and adolescents.

The objectives of the present study were to assess: (1) the feasibility of using a non-invasive method to measure baroreflex sensitivity in children and adolescents; (2) the relationships of resting baroreflex sensitivity with resting levels of other cardiovascular variables; and (3) whether baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability, two indices of cardiac vagal control at rest, were related to measures of impulse control. Ninety-one Black and White children (ages 8-10) and adolescents (ages 15-17), both female and male, participated in the study. Baroreflex sensitivity, auscultatory blood pressure, EKG-derived heart rate, and the mean successive difference of interbeat intervals were collected during a 10-min rest period.