Factors Associated with Polyp Detection Rate in European Colonoscopy Practice: Findings of The European Colonoscopy Quality Investigation (ECQI) Group.

Background: The European Colonoscopy Quality Investigation (ECQI) Group aims to raise awareness for improvement in colonoscopy standards across Europe. We analysed data collected on a sample of procedures conducted across Europe to evaluate the achievement of the polyp detection rate (PDR) target. We also investigated factors associated with PDR, in the hope of establishing areas that could lead to a quality improvement.

Factors Associated with Withdrawal Time in European Colonoscopy Practice: Findings of the European Colonoscopy Quality Investigation (ECQI) Group.

Unlabelled: The European Colonoscopy Quality Investigation (ECQI) Group aims to raise awareness for improvement in colonoscopy standards across Europe. We analyzed data collected on a sample of procedures conducted across Europe to evaluate the achievement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) mean withdrawal time (WT) target. We also investigated factors associated with WT, in the hope of establishing areas that could lead to a quality improvement.

Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays in Medical Education: A Systematic Review.

Simulation-based training using virtual reality head-mounted displays (VR-HMD) is increasingly being used within the field of medical education. This article systematically reviews and appraises the quality of the literature on the use of VR-HMDs in medical education. A search in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PsychINFO was carried out.

A macrophage-hepatocyte glucocorticoid receptor axis coordinates fasting ketogenesis.

Fasting metabolism and immunity are tightly linked; however, it is largely unknown how immune cells contribute to metabolic homeostasis during fasting in healthy subjects. Here, we combined cell-type-resolved genomics and computational approaches to map crosstalk between hepatocytes and liver macrophages during fasting. We identified the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as a key driver of fasting-induced reprogramming of the macrophage secretome including fasting-suppressed cytokines and showed that lack of macrophage GR impaired induction of ketogenesis during fasting as well as endotoxemia.

Effect of the multicomponent healthy high school intervention on meal frequency and eating habits among high school students in Denmark: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Previous studies have shown that multicomponent interventions may improve meal frequency and eating habits in children, but evidence among young people is limited. This study evaluated the effect of the Healthy High School (HHS) intervention on daily intake of breakfast, lunch, water, fruit, and vegetables at 9-month follow-up.

Methods: The study included first-year students (≈16 years) attending high school in Denmark.

Quantitative proteomic study reveals differential expression of matricellular proteins between fibrous dysplasia and cemento-ossifying fibroma pathogenesis.

Background: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) and cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF) are the most common gnathic fibro-osseous lesions. These diseases exhibit remarkable overlap of several clinicopathological aspects, and differential diagnosis depends on the combination of histopathological, radiographic, and clinical aspects. Their molecular landscape remains poorly characterized, and herein, we assessed their proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiles.

Simplifying Programming for Non-technical Students: A Hermeneutic Approach.

This paper investigates the simplification of programming for non-technical university students. Typical simplification strategies are outlined, and according to our findings CT courses for non-technical students typically address learners from different faculties, providing generic and basic knowledge, not specifically related to their major. In this study, we propose instead a hermeneutic approach to simplify programming, in which we aim at clarifying the problem-solving aspect of programming, addressing computational problems that are specific to their studies and leveraging on learners' preunderstanding of the digital media they have experienced as users.

Study of the Molecule Adsorption Process during the Molecular Doping.

Molecular Doping (MD) involves the deposition of molecules, containing the dopant atoms and dissolved in liquid solutions, over the surface of a semiconductor before the drive-in step. The control on the characteristics of the final doped samples resides on the in-depth study of the molecule behaviour once deposited. It is already known that the molecules form a self-assembled monolayer over the surface of the sample, but little is known about the role and behaviour of possible multiple layers that could be deposited on it after extended deposition times.

Volunteers do the fun stuff - Experiences from volunteer-professional caregiver cooperation in nursing homes.

Background: The number of volunteers in Danish nursing homes is increasing. Volunteers cooperate with professional caregivers to improve the residents' well-being and quality of life as part of their palliative care. The Danish government encourages this volunteer involvement, which is partly intended to alleviate the resource constraints in municipal healthcare.

Online sensorimotor learning and adaptation for inverse dynamics control.

We propose a micro-data (< 10 trials) sensorimotor learning and adaptation (SEED) model for human-like arm inverse dynamics control. The SEED model consists of a feedforward Gaussian motor primitive (GATE) neural network and an adaptive feedback impedance (AIM) mechanism. Sensorimotor weights over trials are learned in the GATE network, while the AIM mechanism is used to online tune impedance gains in a trial.

Measurement of vitamin D in dried blood spots stored under different temperature conditions.

Background: As part of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) study, dried blood spot samples were obtained for measurement of potential biological biomarkers, among those vitamin D. Unfortunately, no studies describe the impact of high temperatures on dried blood spot samples and vitamin D measurements.

Materials And Methods: Capillary samples were collected on dried blood spot cards from 40 outpatients (median age 78 years) along with venous blood samples.

Annexins A1 and A2 Accumulate and Are Immobilized at Cross-Linked Membrane-Membrane Interfaces.

Rapid membrane repair is required to ensure cell survival after rupture of the plasma membrane. The annexin family of proteins is involved in plasma membrane repair (PMR) and is activated by the influx of Ca from the extracellular medium at the site of injury. Annexins A1 and A2 (ANXA1 and ANXA2, respectively) are structurally similar and bind to negatively charged phosphatidylserine (PS) to induce membrane cross-linking and to promote fusion, which are both essential processes that occur during membrane repair.

Robotic Assessment of Wrist Proprioception During Kinaesthetic Perturbations: A Neuroergonomic Approach.

Position sense refers to an aspect of proprioception crucial for motor control and learning. The onset of neurological diseases can damage such sensory afference, with consequent motor disorders dramatically reducing the associated recovery process. In regular clinical practice, assessment of proprioceptive deficits is run by means of clinical scales which do not provide quantitative measurements.

Timescale of hole closure during plasma membrane repair estimated by calcium imaging and numerical modeling.

Plasma membrane repair is essential for eukaryotic cell life and is triggered by the influx of calcium through membrane wounds. Repair consists of sequential steps, with closure of the membrane hole being the key event that allows the cell to recover, thus identifying the kinetics of hole closure as important for clarifying repair mechanisms and as a quantitative handle on repair efficiency. We implement calcium imaging in MCF7 breast carcinoma cells subject to laser damage, coupled with a model describing the spatio-temporal calcium distribution.

Feasibility of ABLE 1.0-a program aiming at enhancing the ability to perform activities of daily living in persons with chronic conditions.

Background: The "A Better everyday LifE" (ABLE) intervention was developed to accommodate the need of a program addressing ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) in persons with chronic conditions living at home. During intervention development, it is necessary to evaluate relevant aspects of the feasibility of a program. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the feasibility of content and delivery of ABLE version 1.

The impact of interventions applied in primary care to optimize the use of laboratory tests: a systematic review.

Laboratory tests are important tools in primary care, but their use is sometimes inappropriate. The aim of this review is to give an overview of interventions applied in primary care to optimize the use of laboratory tests. A search for studies was made in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases.

Prenatal greenspace exposure and cord blood cortisol levels: A cross-sectional study in a middle-income country.

Exposure to greenspace has been associated with reduced stress; however, the available evidence on such an association for the fetus is still very scarce. We, for the first time, investigated the association between maternal greenspace exposure and the level of cortisol, a stress hormone, in the cord blood. Our study was based on a cohort of 150 pregnant women in Sabzevar, Iran (2018).

Age-stratified validation of the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy-spiritual well-being based on a large cohort of Danish cancer survivors.

Objective: Previous research indicates that the FACIT-Sp instrument is susceptible to bias when measuring spiritual well-being in older patients. Our first focus was to evaluate the two-factor vs the three-factor model of the FACIT-Sp and our second focus was to explore how these models behave for different age groups.

Methods: We used a large national cohort of Danish cancer patients (N = 3439) which included a significant number of patients aged at least 70 years (N = 1033).

Is physical and psychological work stress associated with fatigue in Danish ferry ship employees?

Background: Fatigue is a recognised risk factor for safety in seafaring. While always dangerous, fatigue in ferry shipping is especially hazardous as it may jeopardise passengers' safety. To counteract fatigue, knowledge on its determinants is important.

Influence of urban forest on traffic air pollution and children respiratory health.

This study aimed to assess the air quality, the prevalence of child respiratory morbidity, and the association between them, in urban areas where concentrations of pollutants are expected to be below national limits. The monitoring of PM NO and O was performed in five schools, during 9 months. Information about respiratory diseases and associated symptoms were collected from each student using a questionnaire based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood.

Nonpharmacological Interventions Addressing Pain, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents with Primary Headache: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Children and adolescents with primary headache are at risk of persistent somatic symptoms and reduced quality of life (Qol) due to pain and pain-related behaviors, such as avoiding school and activities. Sleep is essential to health, and children and adolescents with primary headaches have more sleep complaints than do healthy controls. A treatment approach that addresses multifactorial causes is likely important.

Effect of a theory-based hand hygiene educational intervention for enhancing behavioural outcomes in Ghanaian schools: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: The study sought to determine whether a hand hygiene educational intervention underpinned by educational and psychosocial theories is effective in enhancing behavioural intention and proper handwashing practices among school children.

Methods: The study was a cluster-randomised controlled trial, with schools constituting the clusters. At baseline, 717 pupils organised in four clusters were recruited.

Evolving flocking in embodied agents based on local and global application of Reynolds' rules.

In large scale systems of embodied agents, such as robot swarms, the ability to flock is essential in many tasks. However, the conditions necessary to artificially evolve self-organised flocking behaviours remain unknown. In this paper, we study and demonstrate how evolutionary techniques can be used to synthesise flocking behaviours, in particular, how fitness functions should be designed to evolve high-performing controllers.