Use of Medications With Somnolence Adverse Effects and Somnolence Symptoms Among Older Adults in the U.S.

Objectives: Nearly half of older adults experience somnolence, but the link between medications with somnolence as an adverse effect and somnolence is unclear. This study investigated the association between polypharmacy and somnolence symptoms (excessive sleepiness or long sleep duration).

Methods: Data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) 2010-2011 was used to examine the concurrent use of medications with potential somnolence as an adverse effect and the prevalence of somnolence symptoms.

Discovery of penicillic acid as a chemical probe against tau aggregation in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder proven to be caused by the aggregation of protein tau into fibrils, resulting in neuronal death. The irreparable neuronal damage leads to irreversible symptoms with no cure; therefore, disaggregation of these tau fibrils could be targeted as a therapeutic approach to AD. Here we have developed a fungal natural product library to screen for secondary metabolites that have bioactive potential towards AD tau.

Pharmacokinetics of Omadacycline in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Omadacycline offers a potential advancement in the management of infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) because of its spectrum of activity, intrapulmonary penetration, and oral bioavailability. A prospective single-dose, single-arm study was conducted to characterize the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of omadacycline in people with CF, considering the known alterations in PK observed in this population (NCT04460586, 2020-07-01).

Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from nine adults with CF who received a single dose of intravenous omadacycline 100 mg over 0.

Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.

Pattern-Based Genome Mining Guides Discovery of the Antibiotic Indanopyrrole A from a Marine Streptomycete.

Terrestrial actinomycetes in the genus have long been recognized as prolific producers of small-molecule natural products, including many clinically important antibiotics and cytotoxic agents. Although can also be isolated from marine environments, their potential for natural product biosynthesis remains underexplored. The MAR4 clade of largely marine-derived has been a rich source of novel halogenated natural products of diverse structural classes.

Development of Calcium-Dependent Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors to Target Cellular Senescence and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Cellular senescence is a critical process underlying aging and is associated with age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Lipids are implicated in cellular senescence. Fatty acids, particularly eicosanoids, have been associated with various forms of senescence and inflammation, and the associated reactive oxygen species production has been proposed as a therapeutic target for mitigating senescence.

Calaspargase pegol and pegaspargase cause similar hepatosteatosis in mice.

Not available.

Co-Administration of a Plantain-Based Diet and Quercetin Modulates Atrazine-Induced Testicular Dysfunction in Rats via Testicular Steroidogenesis and Redox-Inflammatory Processes.

Plantain has been reported to enhance testicular function indices, however, the mechanism remains unknown. The present study investigated the action mechanisms of a plantain-based diet in the treatment of rat testicular dysfunction caused by exposure to atrazine (ATZ). The rats were grouped into 10 groups (5 rats each); control group, 50% plantain-based diet (50% PBD), 25% PBD, 12.

Discovery of PARP1-Sparing Inhibitors for Protein ADP-Ribosylation.

Poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) that catalyze cellular ADP-ribosylation play important roles in human health. PARP inhibitors have found success in the clinic for cancer treatment. However, isoform-specific inhibitors are needed for improved safety.

¿Donde están? Hispanic/Latine inclusion, diversity and representation in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HBCD).

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. Central to its mission of reducing health disparities is the establishment of the Spanish Language and Culture Committee (SLCC) within the HBCD framework, a significant step towards demographic representation and inclusivity in research. By addressing linguistic and sociocultural barriers and embracing the diverse identities of Hispanic/Latine individuals nationwide, the SLCC aims to promote inclusion, equity, and representation of all Hispanic/Latine subgroups, a population that has been historically misrepresented in health research.

Pattern-based genome mining guides discovery of the antibiotic indanopyrrole A from a marine streptomycetef.

Terrestrial actinomycetes in the genus have long been recognized as prolific producers of small molecule natural products, including many clinically important antibiotics and cytotoxic agents. Although can also be isolated from marine environments, their potential for natural product biosynthesis remains underexplored. The MAR4 clade of largely marine-derived has been a rich source of novel halogenated natural products of diverse structural classes.

An NAD with Dually Modified Adenine for Labeling ADP-Ribosylation-Specific Proteins.

Protein adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation participates in various pivotal cellular events. Its readers and erasers play key roles in modulating ADP-ribosylation-based signaling pathways. Unambiguous assignments of readers and erasers to individual ADP-ribosylated proteins provide insightful knowledge on ADP-ribosylation biology and require the development of tools and technologies for this goal.

Psychiatric learning experiences in PGY1 pharmacy residency training: A 5-year analysis.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Insights into AMA205's Unprecedented Antibiotic Resistance.

The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinical settings has become a significant global concern. Among these bacteria, stands out due to its remarkable ability to acquire resistance genes and persist in hospital environments, leading to some of the most challenging infections. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) plays a crucial role in the evolution of this pathogen.

Valuing the Societal Impact of Medicines and Other Health Technologies: A User Guide to Current Best Practices.

This study argues that value assessment conducted from a societal perspective should rely on the Generalized Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (GCEA) framework proposed herein. Recently developed value assessment inventories - such as the Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness's "impact inventory" and International Society of Pharmacoeconomics Outcomes Research (ISPOR) "value flower" - aimed to more comprehensively capture the benefits and costs of new health technologies from a societal perspective. Nevertheless, application of broader value elements in practice has been limited in part because quantifying these elements can be complex, but also because there have been numerous methodological advances since these value inventories have been released (e.

Metabolic profiling unveils enhanced antibacterial synergy of polymyxin B and teixobactin against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

This untargeted metabolomics study investigated the synergistic antibacterial activity of polymyxin B and Leu-teixobactin, a depsipeptide inhibitor of cell wall biosynthesis. Checkerboard microdilution assays revealed a significant synergy against polymyxin-susceptible and -resistant A. baumannii, excluding lipopolysaccharide-deficient variants.

Development and characterization of human T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta clones' library as biological standards and resources for TCR sequencing and engineering.

Characterization of T-cell receptors (TCRs) repertoire was revolutionized by next-generation sequencing technologies; however, standardization using biological controls to facilitate precision of current alignment and assembly tools remains a challenge. Additionally, availability of TCR libraries for off-the-shelf cloning and engineering TCR-specific T cells is a valuable resource for TCR-based immunotherapies. We established nine human TCR α and β clones that were evaluated using the 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends-like RNA-based TCR sequencing on the Illumina platform.

The First Pilot Epigenetic Type Improvement of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in a Polymorphic Dopamine D2 (-DRD2/ANKK (Taq1A)), OPRM1 (A/G), DRD3 (C/T), and MAOA (4R) Compromised Preadolescence Male with Putative PANDAS/CANS: Positive Clinical Outcome with Precision-Guided DNA Testing and Pro-Dopamine Regulation (KB220) and Antibacterial Therapies.

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with or without streptococcal and other bacterial infections (PANDAS/CANS) are emerging as a featured pediatric disorder. Although there is some controversy regarding treatment approaches, especially related to the behavioral sequelae, we have hypothesized in other published work that it is characterized by the rapid onset of Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) in children. We propose utilizing a multi-systems biological approach involving the coupling of genetic addiction risk testing and pro-dopamine regulation (KB220/POLYGEN) to help induce "dopamine homeostasis" in patients with PANDAS, especially those with known DNA-induced hypodopaminergia.

FOXR2 Targets LHX6+/DLX+ Neural Lineages to Drive Central Nervous System Neuroblastoma.

Central nervous system neuroblastoma with forkhead box R2 (FOXR2) activation (NB-FOXR2) is a high-grade tumor of the brain hemispheres and a newly identified molecular entity. Tumors express dual neuronal and glial markers, leading to frequent misdiagnoses, and limited information exists on the role of FOXR2 in their genesis. To identify their cellular origins, we profiled the transcriptomes of NB-FOXR2 tumors at the bulk and single-cell levels and integrated these profiles with large single-cell references of the normal brain.

Tau seeds catalyze fibril-type structures from GFP tau biosensor cells.

Fibril-type aggregates of tau occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dozens of tauopathies. Fibrils catalyze aggregation by prion-like seeding, which in part underlies disease progression. Seeding by recombinant and brain-derived tau fibrils is measured using biosensor cells that express aggregation-prone tau mutants fused with fluorescent reporter proteins.