Preventing Teen Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study of the Perspectives of Parenting and Expecting Latino Adolescents.

Study Objective: Latino youths in the United States experience disproportionately high rates of teen pregnancy. The aim of this study was to obtain expecting and parenting Latino adolescents' perspectives regarding factors contributing to teen pregnancy and pregnancy prevention.

Methods: Expecting/parenting Latino adolescents were recruited from high schools with high proportions of Latino youths and teen pregnancy.

Injury patterns and outcomes in motorcycle passengers.

Introduction: Contemporary trauma literature on injuries to motorcycle passengers is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the injury patterns and outcomes of motorcycle passengers with regard to helmet use. We hypothesized that helmet utilization affects both injury type and outcomes.

Peak Quadriceps Muscle Torque and Electromyographic Output in Patients With Chronic Respiratory Disorders: Effects of Pulmonary Rehabilitation.

Objective: To assess the change in relation of the peak quadriceps electromyographic signal to the peak torque produced during a train of 5 isokinetic knee extensions (from 90 degrees below horizontal at a constant speed of 60 degrees/s) at baseline, and at 4 and 8 weeks of pulmonary rehabilitation.

Design: In this prospective observational study, isokinetic contractions were recorded during the extensions from the knee bent at 90 degrees to the horizontal plane against graded resistance. Peak quadriceps torque signal (Tq) and peak electromyographic signal (Eq) were recorded by dynamometry and surface electrodes placed at designated locations over the muscle group, respectively.

Risk factors for thromboembolic complications in isolated severe head injury.

Purpose: Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of the present study is to identify factors independently associated with VTE events. Specifically, we hypothesized that the mechanism of penetrating head trauma might be an independent factor associated with increased VTE events when compared with blunt head trauma.

Patient and Surgery Characteristics of Inpatient Hysterectomies Among Transgender Individuals.

The purpose of this study is to estimate population-based rates of inpatient hysterectomy and accompanying bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy by indication and evaluate surgical patient characteristics by indication, year, patient age, and hospital location. We used 2016 and 2017 cross-sectional data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to estimate the hysterectomy rate for individuals aged 18-54 years with a primary indication for gender-affirming care (GAC) compared to other indications. Outcome measures were population-based rates for inpatient hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy by indication.

Inpatient Buprenorphine Induction for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy.

Objective Buprenorphine is a commonly used medication to manage opioid use disorder, however there is limited data to guide induction protocols specifically during pregnancy. Similar to non-pregnant patients the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is often used to guide induction and titration of buprenorphine in pregnancy. The objective of this retrospective descriptive study is to assess the inpatient buprenorphine induction patterns, treatment retention, and pregnancy outcomes among obstetric patients with opioid use disorder seeking treatment.

Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecologic Emergencies.

Pediatric gynecology encompasses a wide range of topics from the maternal estrogen impact on the neonate, to the unique pathophysiology of the lack of estrogen on prepubescent females, and the independence and sexual maturation that occurs with adolescence. This article will review the impact of normal hormonal variations in children, unique pathophysiology of certain conditions in the prepubescent period, as well as common injuries and infections of the genitourinary system in children.

Implementation of an Assault Prevention Quality Improvement Initiative in an Urban Emergency Department.

Background: Emergency department (ED) health care workers experience high rates of workplace violence (WPV).

Local Problem: Patient-to-staff physical assaults at an urban, academic adult ED ranged between 1 and 5 per month, with a rate of 0.265 per 1000 patient visits.

Multimodal Management of Cervical Insufficiency Complicated by Intra-amniotic Candida albicans Infection.

Introduction: Bacteria are the most common pathogens implicated in ascending infections in patients with cervical insufficiency. However, is a rare and serious cause of intra-amniotic infection that should be considered on the differential diagnosis. Upon diagnosis following cerclage placement, patients are generally advised to undergo immediate cerclage removal and discontinuation of the pregnancy due to the high risk of maternal and fetal morbidity.

Real-World Application of Oral Therapy for Infective Endocarditis: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Cohort Study.

Background: We sought to compare the outcomes of patients treated with intravenous (IV)-only vs oral transitional antimicrobial therapy for infective endocarditis (IE) after implementing a new expected practice within the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LAC DHS).

Methods: We conducted a multicentered, retrospective cohort study of adults with definite or possible IE treated with IV-only vs oral therapy at the 3 acute care public hospitals in the LAC DHS system between December 2018 and June 2022. The primary outcome was clinical success at 90 days, defined as being alive and without recurrence of bacteremia or treatment-emergent infectious complications.

Postpartum Glucose Tolerance Testing Among Patients With Gestational Diabetes During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Introduction The impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) COVID-19 pandemic on the care of pregnant patients with gestational diabetes (GDM) is largely unreported. The objective of this study was to compare the completion of postpartum oral glucose tolerance testing (GTT) prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic among patients with GDM. Methods This was a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with GDM between April 2019 and March 2021.

"We Are Not Different than Others": A Qualitative Study of the Lived Experience of Hispanic Adolescents and Young Adults Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV.

Though Hispanic youth with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) comprise 14% of those living with PHIV, little research has documented their lived experiences. Eighteen Hispanic adolescents and young adults (AYA) with PHIV were recruited from two pediatric infectious disease clinics in California (mean age = 20.8 years, 12 females and 6 males).

Manhandling injuries during legal interventions.

Introduction: Data concerning injuries resulting from physical force during legal interventions are scarce. The purpose of this study was to examine manhandling injuries occurring in both civilian suspects and law enforcement officials (LEO).

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study using data from the National Trauma Data Bank.

Comparative Benefits of Open versus Closed Reduction of Condylar Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Many fractures of the mandibular condylar neck are amenable to both open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and closed treatment. Clinical outcomes following these two modalities remains a topic of debate. This systematic review critically appraises the literature to compare them following these treatment options.

Diabetes Technology Meeting 2022.

Diabetes Technology Society hosted its annual Diabetes Technology Meeting from November 3 to November 5, 2022. Meeting topics included (1) the measurement of glucose, insulin, and ketones; (2) virtual diabetes care; (3) metrics for managing diabetes and predicting outcomes; (4) integration of continuous glucose monitor data into the electronic health record; (5) regulation of diabetes technology; (6) digital health to nudge behavior; (7) estimating carbohydrates; (8) fully automated insulin delivery systems; (9) hypoglycemia; (10) novel insulins; (11) insulin delivery; (12) on-body sensors; (13) continuous glucose monitoring; (14) diabetic foot ulcers; (15) the environmental impact of diabetes technology; and (16) spinal cord stimulation for painful diabetic neuropathy. A live demonstration of a device that can allow for the recycling of used insulin pens was also presented.

Development of a Bispecific Antibody Targeting Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: We previously reported developing 2 anticapsular monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as a novel therapy for Acinetobacter baumannii infections. We sought to determine whether a bispecific mAb (bsAb) could improve avidity and efficacy while maximizing strain coverage in one molecule.

Methods: Humanized mAb 65 was cloned into a single-chain variable fragment and attached to humanized mAb C8, combining their paratopes into a single bsAb (C73).