A case report of malignant struma ovarii with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Key Clinical Message: Struma ovarii (SO), is a rare and specialized ovarian teratoma. The treatment is controversial depending on the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Here a SO with papillary thyroid carcinoma is reported and the approach is thoroughly discussed.

Centiles for the shock index among injured children in the prehospital setting.

Objective: The shock index (SI), the ratio of heart rate to systolic blood pressure, is a clinical tool for assessing injury severity. Age-adjusted SI models may improve predictive value for injured children in the out-of-hospital setting. We sought to characterize the proportion of children in the prehospital setting with an abnormal SI using established criteria, describe the age-based distribution of SI among injured children, and determine prehospital interventions by SI.

Benign to Malignant Hepatic Lesion Transformation in Abernethy Malformation.

Abernethy malformation or congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt is an extremely rare condition whereby the portomesenteric blood drains into a systemic vein and bypasses the liver through a complete or partial shunt. Severe complications include hyperammonemia and encephalopathy, benign and malignant liver tumors, and hepatopulmonary syndrome. We describe a case where a female adult diagnosed with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt subsequently developed focal nodular hyperplasia and then hepatocellular carcinoma.

No-shows to hidradenitis suppurativa clinic visits: Patient perspectives.

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating chronic inflammatory skin condition that typically requires consistent care. Contributory factors to why patients with HS miss their clinic appointments have not been investigated.

Objectives: This article seeks to characterise reasons that HS patients do not keep their appointments and identify strategies to minimise no-show rates and improve delivery of care to HS patients.

Noise within: Signal-to-noise enhancement via coherent wave amplification in the mammalian cochlea.

The extraordinary sensitivity of the mammalian inner ear has captivated scientists for decades, largely due to the crucial role played by the outer hair cells (OHCs) and their unique electromotile properties. Typically arranged in three rows along the sensory epithelium, the OHCs work in concert via mechanisms collectively referred to as the "cochlear amplifier" to boost the cochlear response to faint sounds. While simplistic views attribute this enhancement solely to the OHC-based increase in cochlear gain, the inevitable presence of internal noise requires a more rigorous analysis.

Cerumen impaction: Prevalence and associated factors in the United States population.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of cerumen impaction in a nationally representative sample of the US population and the association of cerumen impaction with sociodemographic factors, hearing loss, and tinnitus.

Methods: The cohort included 14,230 individuals aged ≥12 years who completed otoscopy and audiometry in NHANES (2005-2016). Cerumen impaction (partial/complete) was determined by otoscopy.

Estimating mortality risk in burn patients admitted at Rwanda's largest referral hospital.

Background: Burns is a disease of poverty, disproportionately affecting populations in low- and middle-income countries, where most of the injuries and the deaths caused by burns occurs. In Sub-Saharan Africa, it is estimated that one fifth of burn victims die from their injuries. Mortality prediction indexes are used to estimate outcomes after provided burn care, which has been used in burn services of high-income countries over the last 60 years.

Evaluation of YouTube As A Source For Graves' Disease Information: Is High-Quality Guideline-Based Information Available?

Objective: To understand the quality of informational Graves' disease (GD) videos on YouTube for treatment decision-making quality and inclusion of American Thyroid Association (ATA) treatment guidelines.

Study Design: Cross-sectional cohort.

Setting: Informational YouTube videos with subject matter "Graves' Disease treatment.

Criminal convictions in males and females diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A Swedish national registry study.

Background: Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) face an elevated risk of criminal convictions compared to those without ADHD. However, understanding this link involves considering sex differences, coexisting psychiatric conditions, and unmeasured familial factors. This study aimed to explore the connection between ADHD and criminal convictions (both violent and non-violent) in males and females, while also assessing the impact of comorbid psychiatric disorders and familial factors.

Measurement bias in caregiver-report of early childhood behavior problems across demographic factors in an ECHO-wide diverse sample.

Background: Research and clinical practice rely heavily on caregiver-report measures, such as the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 (CBCL/1.5-5), to gather information about early childhood behavior problems and to screen for child psychopathology.

Trends in Management of Ménière Disease: A TriNetX Network Database Analysis.

This study investigated management practices for Meniere's disease (MD) and their temporal trends from 2008 to 2022 within the TriNetX network database. Study cohort included adult patients (≥18 years) with the diagnosis of MD from TriNetX's multi-institutional medical records (n = 77,493). MD diagnosis and management were queried based on the international classification of diseases, tenth revision, current procedural terminology, and RXNorm codes.

A comprehensive review of oral microenvironment changes and orofacial adverse reactions after COVID-19 vaccination: The good, the bad, and the ugly.

Background And Aims: Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have the potential to alter several biological systems concurrently with remolding the immune system, most of which are related to immunization, while some others are known as adverse effects. This review aims to explore the potential effects of vaccination on the oral microenvironment and classifies them as good, bad, or ugly, with a brief review of facial diseases following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.

Methods: This study was a comprehensive review conducted through searching related articles in Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.

Acute opioid overdose in pediatric patients.

Recent increases in pediatric and adolescent opioid fatalities mandate an urgent need for early consideration of possible opioid exposure and specific diagnostic and management strategies and interventions tailored to these unique populations. In contrast to adults, pediatric methods of exposure include accidental ingestions, prescription misuse, and household exposure. Early recognition, appropriate diagnostic evaluation, along with specialized treatment for opioid toxicity in this demographic are discussed.

Association of Sleep Characteristics with Tinnitus and Hearing Loss.

Objective: The impact of poor sleep on tinnitus has been mainly attributed to central processes. There is an association between sleep disorders and hearing loss, but whether hearing levels mediate the association between sleep disorders and tinnitus is unknown. This study investigates the association between sleep characteristics, tinnitus, and hearing loss.

Association Between Pharmacy Proximity With Cardiovascular Medication Use and Risk Factor Control in the United States.

Background: Poor neighborhood-level access to health care, including community pharmacies, contributes to cardiovascular disparities in the United States. The authors quantified the association between pharmacy proximity, antihypertensive and statin use, and blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) among a large, diverse US cohort.

Methods And Results: A cross-sectional analysis of Black and White participants in the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study during 2013 to 2016 was conducted.

A Comparison of Otolaryngology Residency Applicants Over Time and to Other Surgical Applicants.

Objective: Understand how otolaryngology residency applicant characteristics have changed over time and compare them to those of other surgical subspecialties.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of academic, extracurricular, and application data in the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency databases.

Setting: Applicants to otolaryngology, neurological surgery, ophthalmology, plastic surgery, urology, and orthopedic surgery applicants from 2019 to 2023.

Technical optimization of spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomic datasets to study clinical liver disease.

Single cell and spatially resolved 'omic' techniques have enabled deep characterization of clinical pathologies that remain poorly understood, providing unprecedented insights into molecular mechanisms of disease. However, transcriptomic platforms are costly, limiting sample size, which increases the possibility of pre-analytical variables such as tissue processing and storage procedures impacting RNA quality and downstream analyses. Furthermore, spatial transcriptomics have not yet reached single cell resolution, leading to the development of multiple deconvolution methods to predict individual cell types within each transcriptome 'spot' on tissue sections.

Partners in vaccination: A community-based intervention to promote COVID-19 vaccination among low-income homebound and disabled adults.

Background: Care managers (CM) for low-income disabled clients may address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy with specific training.

Objective: To assess the Partners in Vaccination (PIV) that trained CMs of a homecare program for disabled adults to promote COVID-19 vaccination.

Methods: We randomized 78 CMs to PIV intervention (N = 38) or control (N = 40).

Sorafenib plus memory like natural killer cell combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Sorafenib, FDA-approved therapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), leads to limited improvement in overall survival. However, it may indirectly impact the expansion and activity of natural killer (NK) cells. While NK cell-based immunotherapies generally exhibit favorable safety profiles, their effectiveness in controlling solid tumor growth is constrained, primarily due to the absence of antigen specificity and suboptimal expansion and persistence within the tumor microenvironment.

Associations of daily weight management-focused social support with weight loss, activity behaviors, and eating regulation in the context of metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Objective: Greater perceived social support (PSS) is associated with more favorable changes in weight loss, activity behaviors, and eating regulation after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS). However, studies have relied on generic, retrospective PSS measures, and stability of PSS levels and relations with weight loss and weight-related behaviors over time is unknown. Using smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment, this study evaluated pre-to 1-year post-MBS changes in daily weight management-focused PSS and associations with weight loss, device-measured activity behaviors, and eating regulation before and during the initial year after MBS.