Clinical outcomes of patients with unsuccessful mechanical thrombectomy versus best medical management of medium vessel occlusion stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory.

Background: Current randomized controlled trials are investigating the efficacy and safety of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) stroke. Whether best medical management (MM) is more efficient than unsuccessful vessel recanalization during MT remains unknown.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from 37 academic centers across North America, Asia, and Europe between September 2017 and July 2021.

Outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy for medium vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke patients with ASPECTS 4-5 vs. 6-7: a retrospective, multicenter, and multinational study.

Introduction: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) efficacy in medium vessel occlusion (MeVO) stroke, particularly in patients with low Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS), remains less explored.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 443 AIS patients treated with MT for MeVO and low ASPECTS (4-7) at 37 centers across North America, Asia, and Europe, from September 2017 to July 2021. Patients were categorized into ASPECTS of 4-5 and 6-7.

Predicting lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis on the CT/MRI-based radiomics and deep learning models.

Background: Thyroid cancer, a common endocrine malignancy, has seen increasing incidence, making lymph node metastasis (LNM) a critical factor for recurrence and survival. Radiomics and deep learning (DL) advancements offer the potential for improved LNM prediction using CT and MRI, though challenges in diagnostic accuracy remain.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted per established guidelines, with searches across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase up to February 15, 2024.

Health care transition recommendations for young people with intellectual and developmental disabilities and co-occurring mental health conditions: Stakeholder survey findings.

Background: Limited knowledge exists as to the supports and services young people with IDD and co-occurring mental health conditions need to transition to adult-focused health care and adulthood.

Methods: The survey findings presented were part of a larger investigation that explored these service and supports needs obtained from 144 respondents. Data reported for this investigation were obtained from 144 respondents who answered the question, "What do you think would be most helpful to assist young people with IDD and mental health conditions with the transition from child to adult health care (not including mental health care)?"Qualitative analysis based upon the social-ecological model was undertaken.

Diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in traumatic solid organ injuries in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) is a significant contributor to pediatric mortality, often causing liver and spleen injuries. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), the gold standard for diagnosing solid organ injury, poses radiation risks to children. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) may be a promising alternative imaging modality.

Lidocaine infusion for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome: Case series and literature review.

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition most often triggered by direct injury to an extremity that is characterized by disproportionate pain, sensory abnormalities, and autonomic dysfunction. Early research into intravenous lidocaine therapy for CRPS has demonstrated promise, but clinical evidence remains scarce. We report on 12 patients with chronic CRPS who underwent intravenous lidocaine therapy and discuss our findings in the context of the existing literature.

Antimicrobial susceptibilities of oral Neisseria from men on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) is an urgent global health concern. Commensal Neisseria species in the oropharynx are an important reservoir of AMR genes that are transferred to N.

Service-Learning Through Community-Based Exercise Teaching Enhances Medical Students' Exercise Knowledge, Counseling Confidence, and Habits.

Exercise is a pivotal tool in the prevention and management of chronic disease, a cornerstone of primary care. Yet, there is little formal exercise education in medical school and many medical students feel unprepared to effectively counsel patients about exercise. Since 2019, medical students in the Primary Care Program (PCP), a primary care-focused educational track, at the Keck School of Medicine (KSOM) of the University of Southern California (USC) have taught exercise classes to the local community as part of a service-learning experience.

Exploring the Potential Value of [ 68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for Molecular Assessment of Fibroblast Activation in Interstitial Lung Disease : A Single-Center Pilot Study.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings with pulmonary fibrotic activity in the corresponding regions using [ 68 Ga]Ga-fibroblast activation fibroblast inhibitor (FAPI) PET/CT in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Additionally, the potential of [ 68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for evaluating the active fibrosis process and 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy for assessing the inflammatory process in ILD patients was also assessed.

Methods: In this pilot study, 20 ILD patients underwent [ 68 Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT and 99m Tc-MIBI SPECT/CT.

Rapid and Robust Identification of Sepsis Using SeptiCyte RAPID in a Heterogeneous Patient Population.

SeptiCyte RAPID is a transcriptional host response assay that discriminates between sepsis and non-infectious systemic inflammation (SIRS) with a one-hour turnaround time. The overall performance of this test in a cohort of 419 patients has recently been described [Balk et al., J Clin Med 2024, 13, 1194].

Endovascular therapy versus medical management in isolated posterior cerebral artery acute ischemic stroke: A multinational multicenter propensity score-weighted study.

Background: Despite the proven effectiveness of endovascular therapy (EVT) in acute ischemic strokes (AIS) involving anterior circulation large vessel occlusions, isolated posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusions (iPCAo) remain underexplored in clinical trials. This study investigates the comparative effectiveness and safety of EVT against medical management (MM) in patients with iPCAo.

Methods: This multinational, multicenter propensity score-weighted study analyzed data from the Multicenter Analysis of primary Distal medium vessel occlusions: effect of Mechanical Thrombectomy (MAD-MT) registry, involving 37 centers across North America, Asia, and Europe.

A New Perspective on Stress Detection: An Automated Approach for Detecting Eustress and Distress.

Previous studies have solely focused on establishing Machine Learning (ML) models for automated detection of stress arousal. However, these studies do not recognize stress appraisal and presume stress is a negative mental state. Yet, stress can be classified according to its influence on individuals; the way people perceive a stressor determines whether the stress reaction is considered as eustress (positive stress) or distress (negative stress).

What's driving girls' adolescent marriage decline in Rakai, Uganda? The interplay between adolescent pregnancies and social determinants, 1999 - 2018.

Few studies have sought to untangle the influence of social determinants and pregnancy on adolescent marriage declines. Using longitudinal data from 15- to 17-year-old girls in the Rakai Community Cohort Survey, we assessed how education, socio-economic status, orphanhood and pregnancy contributed to trends in adolescent marriage. We examined descriptive trends and logistic regressions of the associations between social determinants and adolescent marriage, and conducted causal mediation analysis to assess the extent that pregnancy mediated the effect of education on marriage.