Extraocular Muscle Enlargement in Thyroid Eye Disease Using Volumetric Analysis.

Background And Objectives: It is commonly taught that thyroid eye disease (TED) causes enlargement of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) in the following descending order: inferior rectus (IR), medial rectus (MR), superior rectus (SR), lateral rectus (LR), superior oblique (SO) and inferior oblique (IO). However, with recent literature challenging this notion, we aimed to compare EOM volumes in our cohort of TED patients.  Methods: We conducted a retrospective, non-randomized case-control study.

Assessing the Utility of ChatGPT in Simplifying Text Complexity of Patient Educational Materials.

Introduction: AI chatbots are being increasingly used in healthcare settings. There is growing interest in using AI to assist in patient education. Currently, extensive healthcare information is found online but is often too complex to understand.

Bias and Inaccuracy in AI Chatbot Ophthalmologist Recommendations.

Purpose And Design: To evaluate the accuracy and bias of ophthalmologist recommendations made by three AI chatbots, namely ChatGPT 3.5 (OpenAI, San Francisco, CA, USA), Bing Chat (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA, USA), and Google Bard (Alphabet Inc.

A bioengineered retinal pigment epithelial monolayer for advanced, dry age-related macular degeneration.

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and loss are a hallmark of non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NNAMD). Without the RPE, a majority of overlying photoreceptors ultimately degenerate, leading to severe, progressive vision loss. Clinical and histological studies suggest that RPE replacement strategies may delay disease progression or restore vision.