Same-session dual chromophore riboflavin/UV-A and rose bengal/green light PACK-CXL in Acanthamoeba keratitis: a case report.

Background: Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is the most challenging corneal infection to treat, with conventional therapies often proving ineffective. While photoactivated chromophore for keratitis-corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL) with riboflavin/UV-A has shown success in treating bacterial and fungal keratitis, and PACK-CXL with rose bengal/green light has demonstrated promise in fungal keratitis, neither approach has been shown to effectively eradicate AK. This case study explores a novel combined same-session treatment approach using both riboflavin/UV-A and rose bengal/green light in a single procedure.

Peer E-Cigarette and Cannabis Use and Adolescent Anxiety: Findings from a Mixed-Methods Study.

Objective: Adolescents are typically motivated to conform to peer influence, including substance use behaviors, and it is likely that adolescents who deviate from their peers' substance use behaviors might experience stress and anxiety.

Method: A mixed-methods approach was utilized to examine the relationship between peer e-cigarette and cannabis use and symptoms of generalized anxiety among a diverse sample of 12 grade students in Los Angeles County, California, USA ( = 1,867, = 17.04, SD = 0.

Corporate genome screening India (CoGsI) identified genetic variants association with T2D in young Indian professionals.

Rising cases of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in India, especially in metropolitan cities is an increasing concern. The individuals that were most affected are young professionals working in the corporate sector. However, the corporate sector has remained the least explored for T2D risk predisposition.

Dissipative Landau-Zener tunneling in the crossover regime from weak to strong environment coupling.

Landau-Zener tunneling, which describes the transition in a two-level system during a sweep through an anti-crossing, is a model applicable to a wide range of physical phenomena. Realistic quantum systems are affected by dissipation due to coupling to their environments. An important aspect of understanding such open quantum systems is the relative energy scales of the system itself and the system-environment coupling, which distinguishes the weak- and strong-coupling regimes.

Neonicotinoid pesticides in African agriculture: What do we know and what should be the focus for future research?

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the direct and indirect effects of neonicotinoid pesticides (NEO-P) within African agricultural ecosystems and identifies research gaps, particularly in the monitoring and regulation of pesticide use. We observed a decline in the numbers of NEO-P studies conducted in Africa since 2019 with 40.7% of the countries reporting at least one study to date.

Receipt of respiratory vaccines among patients with heart failure in a multicenter health system registry.

Background: Heart failure affects people of all ages and is a leading cause of death for both men and women in most racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Infections are common causes of hospitalizations in heart failure, with respiratory infections as the most frequent diagnosis. Vaccinations provide significant protection against preventable respiratory infections.

Geometric series exists in nature: Evidence from sorted area sequences of floral parts and leaves.

The concept of a geometric series (GS) plays an important role in mathematics. However, it has been neglected in describing biological size series. Herein, we show that a GS describes the nonreproductive (perianth) parts of the flowers of four Magnoliaceae species and two Rosaceae species and the leaves of 60 Alangium chinense and 60 Shibataea chinensis shoots.

Influence of pre-processing criteria on analysis of accelerometry-based physical activity.

Background: Accelerometers are widely adopted for physical activity (PA) measurement. Accelerometry data require pre-processing before entering formal statistical analyses. Many pre-processing criteria may influence PA outcomes and the processed sample, impacting results in subsequent statistical analyses.

Substance use and disordered eating risk among college students with obsessive-compulsive conditions.

Purpose: College students are at higher risk for problematic substance use and disordered eating. Few studies have examined the comorbid risks associated with OCD despite the increased prevalence of OCD among young adults. This study examined substance use and disordered eating risk associated with OCD conditions among college students and how this association may vary by sex/gender.

Cushing's Disease Clinical Phenotype and Tumor Behavior Vary with Age: Diagnostic and Perioperative Implications.

Context: Little is known about presenting clinical characteristics, tumor biology, and surgical morbidity of Cushing's disease (CD) with aging.

Objective: Using a large multi-institutional dataset, we assessed diagnostic and prognostic significance of age in CD through differences in presentation, laboratory results, tumor characteristics, and postoperative outcomes.

Design: Data from the Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID) were reviewed for patients with CD treated with transsphenoidal tumor resection at 11 centers between 2003 and 2023.

Implementation and Impact of a Novel Protocol for Inpatient Asylum-Seeking Children.

In response to a record number of immigrant families arriving in the United States through the southern border, a multidisciplinary team at a tertiary care children's hospital developed an inpatient asylum protocol (IAP) whose goals were to identify, screen, and support hospitalized asylum-seeking patients and their families. Identified patients were provided with specialized social work, case management, and legal support and were longitudinally followed after hospital discharge to ensure successful engagement with community resources. A total of 47 patients were enrolled over 2.

Prospective pooled analyses of ambient ultraviolet radiation levels and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma.

Case-control studies of sun exposure and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) have consistently reported inverse associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) risk, but prospective studies have yielded mixed results. Few studies have explored these exposures in relation to multiple myeloma (MM) risk. To further evaluate these associations with NHL and MM risk and identify etiologically relevant exposure timing, we pooled data on 566,693 individuals from 6 United States (U.

Adjusting for Selection Bias Due to Missing Eligibility Criteria in Emulated Target Trials.

Target trial emulation (TTE) is a popular framework for observational studies based on electronic health records (EHR). A key component of this framework is determining the patient population eligible for inclusion in both a target trial of interest and its observational emulation. Missingness in variables that define eligibility criteria, however, presents a major challenge towards determining the eligible population when emulating a target trial with an observational study.

FOXO1 pathway activation by VISTA immune checkpoint restrains pulmonary ILC2 functions.

Type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) play a pivotal role in the development of airway hyperreactivity (AHR). However, the regulatory mechanisms governing ILC2 function remain inadequately explored. This study uncovers V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) as an inhibitory immune checkpoint crucial for modulating ILC2-driven lung inflammation.

Optimizing Sublattice Correlation to Enhance Stability and Charge Carrier Lifetime in Mixed Halide Perovskites.

A-site cations in ABX metal halide perovskites do not contribute to the frontier electronic states. They influence optoelectronic properties indirectly through interaction with the BX sublattice. By systematically investigating correlated motions of Cs cations and the PbX lattice (X = Cl, Br, I), we demonstrate that the interaction between the two subsystems depends on electronegativity and size of the X-site anion.

Treatment Decision-Making Among Chinese Americans With Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Objective: There has been limited research on the influence of race and ethnicity on treatment decision-making for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This prospective study aims to investigate potential factors linked to treatment modality choice among patients with medically refractory CRS, distinguishing between Chinese American and non-Chinese American patients.

Methods: CRS patients with persistent symptoms despite prior medical treatment were prospectively enrolled.

Targeting cancer with precision: strategical insights into TCR-engineered T cell therapies.

T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T) cell therapies are at the forefront of cancer immunotherapy, offering a transformative approach that significantly enhances the ability of T cells to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. This innovative method involves genetically modifying TCRs to increase their affinity for tumor-specific antigens. While these enhancements improve the ability of T cells to recognize and bind to antigens on cancer cells, rigorous assessment of specificity remains crucial to ensure safety and targeted responses.

Intermittent fasting as a treatment for obesity in young people: a scoping review.

Intermittent fasting focuses on the timing of eating rather than diet quality or energy intake, with evidence supporting its effects on weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic outcomes in adults with obesity. However, there is limited evidence for its feasibility and efficacy in young people. To address this, a scoping review was conducted to examine intermittent fasting regimens in individuals aged 10 to 25 for the treatment of obesity focusing on methodology, intervention parameters, outcomes, adherence, feasibility, and efficacy.