1,492 results match your criteria: "University of South Wales[Affiliation]"

Purpose: We tested the differences in maximum strength and various parameters of sprint performance between youth backs and forwards. Additionally, we examined the associations among various strength-sprint measures, as well as between unresisted and heavy resisted sprints.

Methods: Thirty-two youth rugby players were assessed at the beginning of the season with the following tests: unresisted and resisted (50% body mass) 30-m sprints and 1-repetition maximum (1RM) in the squat exercise.

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Uncomplicated Type B Aortic Dissection - A European Multicentre Cross-Sectional Evaluation.

Ann Vasc Surg

December 2024

Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, West German Heart and Vascular Centre Essen, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.

Objectives: A multicentre European randomized control trial - European Uncomplicated Type B Aortic Repair (EU-TBAR) is being developed to compare pre-emptive TEVAR with custom-made devices vs conventional OMT. The pre-trial set-up is confluent on different pillars, including evaluation of 1) European activity, trends, and governance, 2) outcome reporting, and 3) cost evaluation. This article aimed to demonstrate the observational cross-sectional survey results from participating centres and highlight the risk assessment, activity, practices, and governance of uncomplicated type B aortic dissection (uTBAD).

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A previous study reported an increase in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) during an upright posture compared to the supine position, partly due to sympathetic activation. However, given that cfPWV is influenced by the transmural pressure (TMP) of the artery, which is elevated in the abdominal aorta in the seated posture due to increased hydrostatic pressure. Thus, it remains unclear whether this increased cfPWV reflects a true rise in arterial stiffness or is simply a result of the elevated TMP.

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Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) often struggle with recruitment and many need extensions which leads to delayed implementation of effective interventions. Recruitment to complex intervention trials have similar difficulties. Alongside this, the COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact upon trial recruitment.

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Sedentary behaviors, including poor postures, are significantly detrimental to health, particularly for individuals losing motion ability. This study presents a posture detection system utilizing four force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) and two triaxial accelerometers selected after rigorous assessment for consistency and linearity. We compared various machine learning algorithms based on classification accuracy and computational efficiency.

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Consumer-oriented (patient and family) outcomes from nursing in genomics: a scoping review of the literature (2012-2022).

Front Genet

November 2024

Global Genomics Nursing Alliance (G2NA) and William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States.

Introduction: Genomics is a lifespan competency that is important for improving health outcomes for individuals, families, and communities. Nurses play a key role in genomic healthcare and realizing the potential of the genomic era.

Methods: We aimed to chart the current state of genomics in nursing by conducting a systematic scoping review of the literature in four databases (2012-2022).

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The Equality Act 2010 and the community nurse.

Br J Community Nurs

December 2024

Deputy Dean, Health and Social Care, University of South Wales.

Iwan Dowie discusses the Equality Act 2010 and the need for community nurses to be aware of the protected characteristics to avoid breaches.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health challenge, and its co-occurrence with diabetes mellitus (DM) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. Yemen, a nation facing unique healthcare complexities, necessitates an in-depth investigation into the prevalence of cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors among its population with DM. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of CVR factors among individuals with diabetes in Yemen, to understand and highlight the knowledge gap, and to influence targeted interventions and policies.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This article reviews current literature and expert opinions on using iliac branch endoprosthesis (IBE) for treating complex abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) that also involve the iliac arteries.
  • - Around 25% of AAA patients have aneurysms that extend into ilac vessels, complicating standard endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) procedures and requiring careful assessment to ensure proper treatment.
  • - The IBE is shown to be an effective and durable treatment option for complex aorto-iliac aneurysms, offering results comparable to open surgery but with lower risks, while also preserving pelvic circulation to avoid potential complications.
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Article Synopsis
  • The national early warning score (NEWS) aims to enhance the detection and assessment of severe acute illnesses in NHS patients, specifically evaluating its effectiveness for cardiac surgery patients.
  • A study of 3710 adult cardiac surgery patients assessed how well a NEWS trigger score of 5 predicted patient deterioration and outcomes after surgery, finding that 4.4% of patients prompted Critical Care Outreach Team (CCOT) calls.
  • Results showed higher in-hospital mortality rates for patients referred to the CCOT (10.5%) compared to those not referred (3.9%), indicating a need for tailored scoring systems for better patient outcomes in cardiac care.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious global health issue, aggravated by antibiotic overuse and misuse in human medicine, animal care, and agriculture. This study looks at the different mechanisms that drive AMR, such as environmental contamination, horizontal gene transfer, and selective pressure, as well as the severe implications of AMR for human and animal health. This study demonstrates the need for concerted efforts across the scientific, healthcare, agricultural, and policy sectors to control the emergence of AMR.

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People with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities can be excluded from research and relatively little is known about the experiences of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities and their carers during COVID-19. This paper aims to further explore the impact on this group via information provided by paid and family carers. It focuses on key areas such as access to social and health services in addition to questions about health and well-being.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A systematic review analyzed 61 articles, with seven randomized controlled trials included, focusing on mortality, hospital readmission, electrolyte imbalances, and renal function among combination therapy subjects.
  • * Results showed combination therapies reduced body weight significantly but had no notable effect on mortality or readmission rates; however, they did present risks like electrolyte imbalances and renal function decline, prompting discussions for personalized treatment strategies.
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Ethanol for the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a systematic review.

Clin Toxicol (Phila)

November 2024

Addictions Research Group, Applied Psychology Research and Innovation Group, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK.

Introduction: Alcohol withdrawal is typically managed using benzodiazepines. However, modulation of both γ-aminobutyric acid-A and N-methyl-d-aspartate-receptors through ethanol provision may provide an alternative management strategy. This systematic review critically analyses the evidence surrounding the use of oral or intravenous ethanol for the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries result in abnormal knee motion and long-term joint degradation. ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is done with the aim of restoring normal knee kinematics and slowing the joint degradation process. It does appear that this inevitably happens and can be impacted by a multitude of factors.

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Promising strategies for the prevention of alcohol-related brain damage through optimised management of acute alcohol withdrawal: A focussed literature review.

J Psychopharmacol

November 2024

Addictions Research Group, Applied Psychology Research and Innovation Group, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK.

There is an increasing awareness of the link between chronic alcohol consumption and the development of cognitive, behavioural and functional deficits. Currently, preventative strategies are limited and require engagement in dedicated long-term rehabilitation and sobriety services, the availability of which is low. The acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome is an episode of neurochemical imbalance leading to autonomic dysregulation, increased seizure risk and cognitive disorientation.

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Objective: This study investigated prescribing patterns of two cohorts of patients treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) in primary care in Wales (UK), to better understand drivers for increased usage.

Methods: This e-cohort study included patients receiving a first READ-coded SSRI prescription in SAIL in either 2005 or 2015. Patients were followed up for 3 years from date of SSRI prescription.

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Objectives: To systematically synthesize existing reported literature calculating the carbon footprint (CFP) of urological surgical practice and identify opportunities for improving the environmental impact of urology surgical practice.

Methods: A systematic review was performed following PRISMA guidelines. The Cochrane, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, and PubMed were searched between 1971 and 2023, with inclusion and exclusion criteria.

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The human rights act and the community nurse.

Br J Community Nurs

November 2024

Deputy Dean, Health and Social Care, University of South Wales.

Iwan Dowie talks about the Human Rights Act, a controversial piece of statutory legislation. The article emphasises the critical role of community nurses in upholding human rights within their practice and outlines the historical context of human rights protections in the UK. The article also addresses the legal implications of resource constraints in healthcare decisions.

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Obesity is a significant public health concern with escalating levels worldwide creating a variety of socioeconomic challenges and imposing a serious risk factor for a range of complications which include diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and stroke, all of which are primary causes of early death. Furthermore, there is growing evidence connecting obesity to the development of several ocular disorders. Excessive weight is a common denominator in the aetiology of many ocular pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, cataract, high intraocular pressures, age-related macular degeneration, and retinal vascular diseases through the association with diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

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Introduction: Improvement in the National Health Service (NHS) employees' mental well-being and staff retention are current key issues. Evidence indicates that dance movement therapy (DMT) has been effective in improving mental health and well-being; however, a social return on investment (SROI) evaluation on DMT interventions aimed at NHS staff has not been performed. This protocol for an SROI study will explore the social value generated from DMT, specifically 'The Body Moving Self-Compassion' programme, as measured by the increase in personal well-being and resilience experienced by participants.

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Background: Providing care and support for a person with intellectual disabilities can be challenging and may negatively impact on family carers' health and wellbeing. A online support programme was co-designed with charitable organisations and family carers, to help meet the mental health and wellbeing needs of family carers.

Objective: To test the acceptability of a newly developed online support programme for carers of people with profound and multiple intellectual disabilities.

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This study has developed a new targeted methodology for the separation, detection, and quantification of metabolites from the wider energy metabolome of industrially important microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a single analytical sample. This has been achieved using UHPLC-MS technology in HILIC mode. Absolute concentrations of metabolites nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), adenosine-monophosphate (AMP), adenosine-diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) were determined in a single extraction and analytical methodology.

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