Establishing inclusion safety in pharmacy education: Wielding psychological safety as a tool to address student burnout.

Introduction: Burnout is a common issue that impacts students across professional programs, where symptoms such as loneliness and isolation lead to a decrease in student and faculty success. The primary tactic utilized to combat burnout in pharmacists has been an emphasis on wellbeing strategies.

Commentary: Psychological safety is an important cultural dynamic that allows individuals to feel included, supported, and heard.

Live Biotherapeutic Products for the Prevention of Recurrent Infection.

Objective: To review the efficacy, safety, and role of live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) in the prevention of recurrent infection (rCDI).

Data Sources: A literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar (through February 2024) with search terms RBX2660, SER-109, and fecal microbiota. Other resources included abstracts presented at recent conferences, national clinical practice guidelines, and manufacturers' websites.

Effect of changing multiple choice questions from "all of the above" to "select all that apply".

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe the effect of converting multiple choice questions (MCQs) that include an "all of the above" (AOTA) answer option to a "select all that apply" (SATA) question type on question performance.

Methods: A summative assessment at the end of the first professional pharmacy year was comprised of approximately 50 multiple choice questions covering material from all courses taught. Eight questions contained AOTA answer options and were converted to SATA items in the subsequent year by eliminating the AOTA option and including the words "select all that apply" in the stem.

Association between , and genotype and tacrolimus treatment outcomes among allogeneic HSCT patients.

Successful treatment with tacrolimus to prevent graft versus host disease (GVHD) and minimize tacrolimus-related toxicities among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) recipients is contingent upon quickly achieving and maintaining concentrations within a narrow therapeutic range. The primary objective was to investigate associations between or genotype and the proportion of patients that attained an initial tacrolimus goal concentration following initiation of intravenous (iv.) and conversion to oral administration.

Implementation of pharmacist-led services for sexual and gender minorities: A multisite descriptive report.

Purpose: This paper compares and contrasts the implementation of pharmacist-led services for 3 different sexual and gender minority populations across California, Mississippi, and Florida.

Summary: Implementation of pharmacist-led services tailored to sexual and gender minorities may be a potential mechanism to address health disparities in these populations. Clinical pharmacists have the potential to provide care with cultural humility and improve health outcomes by optimizing medication regimens, reducing adverse drug events, enhancing medication acquisition, and improving medication adherence.

Falling NAPLEX pass rates are cause for concern.

Introduction: First-time pass rates of the North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX) have declined 7% from 2019 to 2022 with more than a third of schools experiencing a decline of ≥10%.

Commentary: The cause of the decline is likely multifactorial and extends beyond the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Changes to the NAPLEX blueprint in 2021, curricular revisions in response to the implementation of Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education Standards 2016, and changes to prerequisite course requirements in response to declining enrollment must also be evaluated as potential causes.

Born This Way: Integrating LGBTQIA+ Identities as Pharmacy Practitioners.

Progression through the profession of pharmacy is filled with many milestones that can contribute to feelings of stress, rejection, and isolation. For Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and Asexual+(LGBTQIA+) students and practitioners, these feelings can be compounded by similar issues experienced by their sexual orientation or gender identity. Historically, LGBTQIA+ students, new practitioners, and seasoned professionals alike have lacked visible role models for how to intersect personal and professional identity in the pharmacy profession.

Evolution of a capstone exam for third-year doctor of pharmacy students.

Background And Purpose: Pharmacy capstone exams are an example of an assessment strategy to evaluate student competency and practice-readiness. Capstone exam processes have been discussed in the literature; however, description of format, evolution of the process, and implementation in the year prior to rotations is lacking. This manuscript discusses the development, implementation, and utilization of a third professional year pharmacy capstone exam to assess advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) readiness.

Development and curricular alignment of a pharmacy travel medicine elective.

Background And Purpose: Describe the design, implementation, and value of a travel medicine pharmacy elective. Students translated skills from rotations and practice environments addressing travel health-related needs. Content and educational outcomes align with the Center for the Advancement of Pharmacy Education, American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, and Pharmacists' Patient Care Process core components of student learning and assessment.

The Relationship Between Pharmacist Resilience, Burnout, and Job Performance.

Resilience aids healthcare professionals in navigating through and bouncing back from stressful situations in the workplace. Resilience can increase job satisfaction, work motivation, and professional commitment while decreasing burnout, and ultimately job turnover. More resilient employees experience lower instances of burnout and greater life satisfaction.

Clinical Impact of the Gene on Diazepam for the Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome.

Diazepam is a benzodiazepine widely prescribed for the management of patients with severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome to prevent agitation, withdrawal seizures, and delirium tremens. Despite standard dosing of diazepam, a subset of patients experience refractory withdrawal syndromes or adverse drug reactions, such as impaired motor coordination, dizziness, and slurred speech. The CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 enzymes play a key role in the biotransformation of diazepam.

The Impact of Leadership Program Formatting on Perceived Development Within Pharmacy Cohorts.

To assess the impact of variable leadership development program formats on perceived participant growth. In 2020, the Phi Lambda Sigma national office began offering national Leader Academies to members, while University of South Florida Health Taneja College of Pharmacy simultaneously offered a Leader Academy program to its Phi Lambda Sigma students. Both programs used virtual leadership development tools from GiANT Worldwide, but differed in meeting frequency, content focus, and participant diversity.

Improvement in Clinical Outcomes and Access to Care With Pharmacist-Led Chronic Care Management Services at a Rural Family Medicine Clinic.

Chronic care management (CCM) can significantly impact the management of chronic diseases in rural patient populations. To date, few practice models have addressed its impact on clinical outcomes and access to care in rural practice settings. Implement a sustainable pharmacist-led CCM practice model while tracking clinical outcomes and healthcare access at a rural, medically underserved family medicine clinic.

Evaluation of SOAP note performance in a pharmacotherapeutics course after implementation of a peer-review process.

Introduction: Subjective, objective, assessment, and plan (SOAP) notes are widely utilized within pharmacy curricula. Implementation of a peer-review process for these assignments may improve student competence. Evidence is lacking regarding correlation between student-to-student peer-review and faculty grades for SOAP notes and correlation of SOAP note peer-evaluation to individual performance.

A clinician's guide for counseling patients on results of a multigene pharmacogenomic panel.

Purpose: This article explores approaches to pharmacogenomic counseling for patients who have undergone multigene panel testing by describing the collective experience of 5 institutions.

Summary: Multigene panel pharmacogenomic testing has the potential to unlock a myriad of information about a patient's past, present, and future drug response. The multifaceted nature of drug response coupled with the complexity of genetic results necessitates some form of patient education through pharmacogenomic counseling.

Current Practice Review in the Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) presents as an acute inflammatory lung injury characterized by refractory hypoxemia and non-cardiac pulmonary edema. An estimated 10% of patients in the intensive care unit and 25% of those who are mechanically ventilated are diagnosed with ARDS. Increased awareness is warranted as mortality rates remain high and delays in diagnosing ARDS are common.

Pharmacist-Physician Collaborative Practice to Improve Diabetes Care at Tampa General Medical Group.

Quality Improvement Success Stories are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and strategies from programs and clinics that have successfully improved the quality of care for people with diabetes or related conditions. Each article in the series is reviewed and follows a standard format developed by the editors of .

Emergent transition to remote learning: Impact on student performance for real-time comprehensive case simulations.

Introduction: To determine the impact of emergent transition from in-person to remote learning on student performance within real-time objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs).

Methods: A university mandate, due to severe SARS-CoV-2, was issued requiring didactic courses to transition to remote learning in spring 2020. The third-year internal medicine elective had six remaining weekly OSCEs, accounting for 55% of course grades.