Cell Staining Microgels Derived from a Natural Phenolic Dye: Hematoxylin Has Intriguing Biomedical Potential.

Hematoxylin (HT) as a natural phenolic dye compound is generally used together with eosin (E) dye as H&E in the histological staining of tissues. Here, we report for the first time the polymeric particle preparation from HT as poly(Hematoxylin) ((p(HT)) microgels via microemulsion method in a one-step using a benign crosslinker, glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDE). P(HT) microgels are about 10 µm and spherical in shape with a zeta potential value of -34.

Rapid Pathogen Purge by Photosensitive Arginine-Riboflavin Carbon Dots without Toxicity.

Photo-activatable antipathogenic carbon dots (CDs) were prepared by carbonization of citric acid and arginine (Arg) via 3 min microwave treatment for use in the eradication of common microorganisms. Nitrogen-doped Arg CDs were spherical in shape with a size range of 0.5 to 5 nm.

B, P, and S heteroatom doped, bio- and hemo-compatible 2D graphitic-carbon nitride (-CN) with antioxidant, light-induced antibacterial, and bioimaging endeavors.

The synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) graphitic-CNand heteroatom-doped graphitic H@-CN(H: B, P, or S) particles were successfully done using melamine as source compounds and boric acid, phosphorous red, and sulfur as doping agents. The band gap values of 2D-CN, B@-CN, P@-CN, and S@-CNstructures were determined as 2.90, 3.

Carboxymethyl Chitosan Microgels for Sustained Delivery of Vancomycin and Long-Lasting Antibacterial Effects.

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) is a unique polysaccharide with functional groups that can develop positive and negative charges due to the abundant numbers of amine and carboxylic acid groups. CMCh is widely used in different areas due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, water solubility, and chelating ability. CMCh microgels were synthesized in a microemulsion environment using divinyl sulfone (DVS) as a crosslinking agent.

Biocompatible Glycol Chitosan Microgels as Effective Drug Carriers.

Glycol chitosan (GC) is a chitosan (CH) derivative with improved water solubility with regards to CH which affords significant solubility advantages. In this study, microgels of GC as p(GC) were synthesized by a microemulsion technique at various crosslinking ratios e.g.

Multivariate Models to Diagnose Early Referral-Warranted Retinopathy of Prematurity With Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create multivariate models predicting early referral-warranted retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using non-contact handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and demographic data.

Methods: Between July 2015 and February 2018, infants ≤1500 grams birth weight or ≤30 weeks gestational age from 2 academic neonatal intensive care units were eligible for this study. Infants were excluded if they were too unstable to participate in ophthalmologic examination (2), had inadequate image quality (20), or received prior ROP treatment (2).

Poly(Glycerol) Microparticles as Drug Delivery Vehicle for Biomedical Use.

Glycerol (Gly) is a well-known, FDA-approved molecule posing three hydroxyl groups. Since Gly is biocompatible, here, it was aimed to prepare poly(Glycerol) (p(Gly)) particles directly for the first time for the delivery of therapeutic agents. Micrometer-sized particles of p(Gly) were successfully synthesized via the micro-emulsion method with an average size of 14.

Nontoxic Natural Polymeric Particle Vehicles Derived from Hyaluronic Acid and Mannitol as Mitomycin C Carriers for Bladder Cancer Treatment.

Hyaluronic acid/mannitol (HA/MN)-based particles were designed as mitomycin c (MMC) delivery vehicles through the crosslinking of 1:0, 3:1, 1:3, and 0:1 mole ratios of HA/MN to investigate their potential use in bladder cancer therapy. The HA/MN-MMC particles prepared by the microemulsion crosslinking method were of 0.5-10 μm size with a zeta potential value of -36.

Fungal Keratitis Treatment Using Drug-Loaded Hyaluronic Acid Microgels.

Antifungal drug-loaded hyaluronic acid (HA) microgels using conjugation and encapsulation drug-loading techniques were utilized in the treatment of fungal keratitis. Natamycin (NAT) and amphotericin B (AMB) drugs were chemically linked to HA microgels by employing a chemical coupling agent to obtain conjugated (C-) HA:NAT and HA:AMB microgels. Also, these drugs were loaded into the HA microgel network during HA microgel preparation to attain encapsulated (E-) HA:NAT and HA:AMB microgels.

Dome-shaped macula in premature infants visualized by handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To describe dome-shaped macula and associated clinical findings in premature infants.

Methods: This prospective, observational cohort study included a consecutive sample of premature infants screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with 9-month follow-up. Handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed at the time of ROP screening.

Aggressive conjunctival Kaposi sarcoma as the initial manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Purpose: To report a case of Kaposi sarcoma in a patient with previously undiagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.

Observations: A 23-year-old male patient presented to the eye clinic with complaints of redness of his left eye for the past month. The patient had been seen one day prior to presentation in the emergency department for a neck mass and pneumonia.

Delivery of Small Molecule EF2 Kinase Inhibitor for Breast and Pancreatic Cancer Cells Using Hyaluronic Acid Based Nanogels.

Purpose: To evalauted natural polymeric biomaterials including hyaluronic acid (HA) and its copolymeric form HA:Suc nanoparticles (NPs) as drug carrier systems for delivery of hydrophobic small molecule kinase EF2-kinase inhibitor in breast and pancreatic cancer cells.

Methods: In vitro cellular uptake studies of Rhodamine 6G labaled HA:Suc nanoparticles were evaluated by using flow cytometry analysis and fluorescent microscopy in breast (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436) and pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and MiaPaca-2). Besides, in vitro release study of compound A (an EF2-kinase inhibitor) as a model hydrophobic drug was performed in the cancer cells.

Mesoporous, degradable hyaluronic acid microparticles for sustainable drug delivery application.

Porous and degradable hyaluronic acid (HA) microparticles was synthesized in a single step using different ratio of crosslinker, divinylsulfone (DVS) ranging between 2.5 and 100% mole ratio of HA repeating unit. HA particles less than 25% (≤10%) crosslinker ratio were found to be mesoporous and provided the highest surface area, calculated as 21.

Hyaluronic acid and hyaluronic acid: Sucrose nanogels for hydrophobic cancer drug delivery.

Porous and biodegradable hyaluronic acid (HA) nanogel and their copolymeric forms with sucrose (Suc), HA:Sucrose (HA:Suc) nanogels, were synthesized by employing glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDE) as crosslinker with a single step reaction in surfactant-free medium. The size of the nanogels was determined as 150 ± 50 nm in dried state from SEM images and found to increase to about 540 ± 47 nm in DI water measured with DLS measurements. The surface areas of HA and HA:Suc nanogels were measured as 18.

Candida Endophthalmitis After Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty With Grafts From Both Eyes of a Donor With Possible Systemic Candidiasis.

Purpose: To report 2 cases with late postoperative Candida albicans interface keratitis and endophthalmitis after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) with corneal grafts originating from a single donor with a history of presumed pulmonary candidiasis.

Methods: Two patients underwent uncomplicated DSAEK by 2 corneal surgeons at different surgery centers but with tissue from the same donor and were referred to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute with multifocal infiltrates at the graft-host cornea interface 6 to 8 weeks later, and anterior chamber cultures that were positive for the same genetic strain of C. albicans.

Corrigendum to "Ipsilateral supraorbital nerve transfer in a case of recalcitrant neurotrophic keratopathy with an intact ipsilateral frontal nerve: A novel surgical technique" [Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 4 2016 14-17].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.

Ipsilateral supraorbital nerve transfer in a case of recalcitrant neurotrophic keratopathy with an intact ipsilateral frontal nerve: A novel surgical technique.

Purpose: To report a case of regained corneal sensation and function in a patient with neurotrophic keratopathy due to direct damage to the long ciliary nerves by performing a corneal neurotization procedure using ipsilateral supraorbital nerve. Surgical technique is described in detail as well as a review of the literature on corneal neurotization.

Observations: A patient with devastating corneal anesthesia and poor visual acuity refractory to other treatments underwent a new surgical technique involving an ipsilateral supraorbital nerve transfer to the surrounding limbus to restore corneal sensation.

Progression of Normal-Tension Glaucoma After Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt to Decrease Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure.

Purpose: To report a case of worsening normal-tension glaucoma immediately following ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement to lower cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP).

Methods: The clinical records of the patient were reviewed retrospectively. Observations were made and collated as the case progressed.

Atypical Mycobacterial Infection Following Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty.

Atypical mycobacterial infection is a rare complication following periocular surgery. The majority of previously reported cases are following dacryocystorhinostomy or lower eyelid blepharoplasty. To the authors' knowledge, there is only 1 reported culture-proven case of atypical mycobacterial infection following upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

Maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with vertical transmission of ophthalmia neonatorum in neonates receiving health care in Blantyre, Malawi.

Context: Neonatal conjunctivitis is associated with poor prenatal care worldwide.

Purpose: Data on neonatal conjunctivitis is scarce in Malawi. This study describes risk factors associated with conjunctivitis in neonates born in a large tertiary care hospital in Blantyre, Malawi.

The BioMask for treatment of corneal surface irregularities with excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy.

Purpose: To assess the characteristics of BioMask as a potential masking agent for use with the excimer laser.

Method: We addressed ablation rate, smoothness, ease of use, dioptric shift, treatment of standardized irregular topography, and ability of BioMask to induce dioptric change in vivo.

Results: BioMask ablates at a rate of 0.

Recurrent endophthalmitis after cataract surgery with a scleral-tunnel incision.

Purpose: To present a case of recurrent postoperative endophthalmitis with a scleral-tunnel abscess and adjacent microbial keratitis.

Methods: A 76-year-old woman with microbial keratitis and recurrent endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was referred to a tertiary care center for further management. The medical chart of the patient was reviewed.