1,425 results match your criteria: "University of South Dakota-Sanford School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) is expressed by skeletal muscle as a myokine. Our previous work showed that the active precursor, proBDNF, is the predominant form of BDNF expressed in skeletal muscle, and that following skeletal muscle injury, proBDNF levels are significantly increased. However, the function of the muscle-derived proBDNF in injury-induced inflammation has yet to be fully understood.

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Children's executive functioning and health behaviors across pediatric life stages and ecological contexts.

J Behav Med

January 2025

Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, Prevention Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.

Executive functioning (EF) has been linked to chronic disease risk in children. Health behaviors are thought to partially explain this association. The current cross-sectional study evaluated specific domains of EF and varied health behaviors in three pediatric life stages.

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: The development of broad-range polymerase chain reaction (BR-PCR) and next-generation sequencing techniques has significant implications for antimicrobial stewardship by increasing clinicians' ability to provide a tailored antimicrobial regimen. We sought to explore the clinical utility of BR-PCR testing and its impact on antimicrobial treatment among an adult cohort in a large hospital system. : We retrospectively evaluated samples that underwent BR-PCR testing between 2017 and 2021 and summarized their clinical characteristics and impact on antimicrobial therapy.

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Technique for areolar reduction areolar-sparing mastectomy.

J Surg Case Rep

January 2025

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, 1500 W. 22nd St. Suite 101, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, United States.

Achieving satisfactory nipple esthetics following skin-sparing or nipple-sparing mastectomy is an important element of ensuring positive patient outcomes. Several techniques used to reconstruct the nipple-areolar complex have been described in previous literature and have had success in securing good cosmetic outcomes. For patients with macrothelia, surgeons may employ a number of options in reducing nipple size.

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Purpose: The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort has enrolled over 60,000 children to examine how early environmental factors (broadly defined) are associated with key child health outcomes. The ECHO Cohort may be well-positioned to contribute to our understanding of rural environments and contexts, which has implications for rural health disparities research. The present study examined the outcome of child obesity to not only illustrate the suitability of ECHO Cohort data for these purposes but also determine how various definitions of rural and urban populations impact the presentation of findings and their interpretation.

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Extending the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort through 2030: Rationale and study protocol.

PLoS One

December 2024

Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.

Early life environmental exposures, even those experienced before conception, can shape health and disease trajectories across the lifespan. Optimizing the detection of the constellation of exposure effects on a broad range of child health outcomes across development requires considerable sample size, transdisciplinary expertise, and developmentally sensitive and dimensional measurement. To address this, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort Study is an observational longitudinal pediatric cohort study.

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E3 ubiquitin ligases have been linked to developmental diseases including autism, Angelman syndrome (UBE3A), and Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (JBS) (UBR1). Here, we report variants in the E3 ligase UBR5 in 29 individuals presenting with a neurodevelopmental syndrome that includes developmental delay, autism, intellectual disability, epilepsy, movement disorders, and/or genital anomalies. Their phenotype is distinct from JBS due to the absence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and the presence of autism, epilepsy, and, in some probands, a movement disorder.

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Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a low-density lipoprotein variant with atherogenic, thrombogenic, and pro-inflammatory properties that may have numerous pathologic effects, including dyslipidemia. Screening for Lp(a) is clinically significant, due to its causal role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Among clinicians, however, there remains a general lack of both clinical awareness of Lp(a) and adequate tools to track Lp(a) testing in patients.

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Objective: Learning environments affect the well-being of surgical faculty and trainees. Psychological safety (PS) has been linked with learning behaviors and aspects of well-being within medicine; however, given the unique challenges inherent to the surgical learning environment, there is a need to more closely examine these concepts for surgical faculty and trainees. The objective of this study is to examine the relationships between learning environment and PS, as well as PS and well-being with surgery.

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Objective: SCN2A encodes the voltage-gated sodium (Na+) channel α subunit Na1.2, which is important for the generation and forward and back propagation of action potentials in neurons. Genetic variants in SCN2A are associated with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders.

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Purpose: To evaluate visual and refractive outcomes in eyes with a history of radial keratotomy (RK) implanted with the second-generation light-adjustable lens (LAL).

Setting: Private practice, multiple locations.

Design: Retrospective, consecutive case series.

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Medical Malpractice Epidemiology: Adults and Pediatrics.

Emerg Med Clin North Am

February 2025

Department of Family Medicine, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, 1400 West 22nd Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Emergency medicine physicians face a high likelihood of being sued for malpractice, with 68% having experienced a lawsuit by age 55.
  • The article examines common factors found in past malpractice claims involving both adult and pediatric patients in emergency settings.
  • The goal is to identify these characteristics to enhance patient care and minimize the risk of future litigation.
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Multicompartmentalized Microvascularized Tumor-on-a-Chip to Study Tumor-Stroma Interactions and Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer.

Cell Mol Bioeng

October 2024

Present Address: Cancer Biology and Immunotherapies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Most ovarian cancer patients develop resistance to chemotherapy within five years, highlighting the need to better understand the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its effect on drug response.
  • Researchers created a 3D tumor-on-a-chip model with multiple chambers to mimic the TME and study how it influences drug resistance, using various cell combinations to explore different interactions.
  • The study found that the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) increased drug resistance in ovarian cancer cells, but this could be mitigated using therapies targeting the extracellular matrix, suggesting new avenues for treatment.
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  • Advances in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment face challenges due to fast tumor spread and screening issues, especially for early-onset CRC, highlighting the need for better therapies.
  • The Rictor-mTORC2-AKT pathway is critical in promoting metastasis, and selective inhibitors targeting mTORC2, like Veratridine (VTD), show promise in reducing tumor growth and metastasis.
  • VTD acts by destabilizing Rictor, leading to decreased cancer stem cell populations and aggressive tumor behaviors in CRC, offering a new potential approach to treatment.
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  • Measures of complex decision-making capacity, like the Assessment of Functional Capacity Interview (AFCI), are useful for identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and could help in the early intervention of dementia care.
  • In a study involving 97 older adults, those with cognitive impairment showed significantly lower AFCI scores, indicating difficulties in areas like safety and financial decision-making compared to those who were cognitively unimpaired or experiencing subjective cognitive decline.
  • The results suggest that using the AFCI alongside cognitive tests could improve the assessment process and help prevent poor decision-making in older adults.
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Promoting proteostasis by cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG.

Trends Mol Med

October 2024

Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • * Activating protein kinases A (PKA) and G (PKG) can help the proteasome break down misfolded proteins, with PKA's method understood while PKG's remains unclear.
  • * Strategies that enhance cAMP/PKA and cGMP/PKG could offer new treatment options for diseases related to increased proteotoxic stress by focusing their effects on specific proteasome areas.
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  • The study explores how maternal mood disorders (anxiety and depression) and substance use (alcohol and tobacco) during pregnancy affect children's executive function (EF), particularly inhibitory control and working memory, amidst socioeconomic challenges.
  • Researchers analyzed data from 334 mother-child pairs, measuring prenatal mental health, substance use, and assessing children's EF using standardized tests at ages 3-5.
  • Results indicated that higher maternal anxiety and moderate to high tobacco use were linked to poorer inhibitory control in children, highlighting the importance of addressing maternal mental health and substance use during pregnancy for child development.
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Article Synopsis
  • - Aberrant protein aggregation interferes with the normal functioning of the JAK1-STAT signaling pathway.
  • - Phosphorylated STAT proteins, which are usually involved in cell signaling, are disrupted by these aggregated proteins.
  • - This disruption increases proteotoxicity, leading to cellular stress and potentially contributing to various diseases.
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  • A 6-year-old boy with an unstable C2-3 hyperflexion injury was treated nonoperatively with a cervical collar for 2.5 years.
  • Long-term follow-up showed complete healing of his injury, normal spinal alignment, and a full return to daily activities and sports.
  • The case suggests that pediatric spine injuries at the C2-3 level with posterior ligamentous disruption can be effectively managed nonoperatively if there are no neurological deficits.
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  • The study examined brain vital signs, specifically event-related potentials (ERPs), in mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes compared to non-athlete controls to see if head impacts affect brain function.
  • Using established ERPs like N100, P300, and N400, the research aimed to identify differences in cognitive processing and attention between the two groups.
  • Results showed significant reductions in N400 amplitudes for MMA athletes, suggesting that repeated head impacts could alter brain function and cognitive processing.
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Beyond the Liver: Neurologic Manifestations of Alcohol Use.

Clin Liver Dis

November 2024

Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, 1400 West 22nd Street, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA; Division of Hepatology, Avera McKennan Hospital & University Health Center, 1315 South Cliff Avenue, Suite 1200 Plaza 3, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Alcohol use not only harms the liver but also significantly affects the nervous system, often mimicking hepatic encephalopathy, making diagnosis challenging.
  • It disrupts neurotransmitter balance, especially between gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate, and chronic use, along with thiamine deficiency, leads to long-term neurological issues.
  • Alcohol-related neurological disorders range from acute symptoms like intoxication and withdrawal to chronic conditions such as Korsakoff syndrome, dementia, and peripheral neuropathy, emphasizing the need for careful diagnosis through medical history and exams.
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Clinical Features of Typically Developing Children With and Without Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.

J Pediatr

September 2024

Stellenbosch University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Cape Town, South Africa; Sanford Children's Genomic Medicine Consortium, Sanford Health; University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to assess whether prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) influences the physical and cognitive/behavioral development of first-grade children, comparing three groups: those with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), those with PAE but without FASD, and children without PAE.
  • - Results indicated significant differences in physical traits like height, weight, and head circumference between the groups, while neurodevelopmental differences were more pronounced in three-group comparisons than in two-group comparisons.
  • - The findings suggest that children with PAE, despite appearing typically developing, tend to show poorer growth and cognitive/behavioral outcomes compared to children without PAE, highlighting the importance of alcohol abstinence during pregnancy.
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Article Synopsis
  • Ventral hernias are a common issue, especially in pregnant women due to changes in the abdomen.
  • A 38-year-old woman with a complicated surgical background and ongoing infection at a previous hernia repair site was treated with antibiotics during her pregnancy.
  • Her cesarean section at 39 weeks was planned to simultaneously address the infection and repair the abdominal wall.
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  • The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of pRESET stent-retriever systems for treating large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke through a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies until March 2024.
  • A total of 1140 participants were analyzed, revealing that pRESET systems achieved a notable first-passing effect rate of 53.4% and a high rate of successful thrombolysis (90.41%).
  • The findings suggest that the pRESET device has a comparable safety and efficacy profile to existing mechanical thrombectomy devices, with a 90-day mortality rate of 15.1% and a post-intervention hemorrhage rate of 28.6%.
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