Comparison of Mannequin-Based Simulation Training Method with Virtual Training Method on Nursing Students' Learning Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Controlled Randomized Parallel Trial.

Background: The use of different educational methods and programs, such as simulation and virtual training, plays an important role in effective Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) learning for nursing students. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing mannequin-based simulation training with virtual training on CPR learning among nursing students.

Materials And Methods: This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2022.

Effect of Dry Needling Plus Static Stretching on Plantar Flexors Spasticity in Chronic Stroke Patients.

Importance: Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is often accompanied by complications such as spasticity. Static stretching (SS) is a common physiotherapy intervention for reducing spasticity, whereas dry needling (DN) is a novel approach. However, the combined effects of DN and SS on spasticity have not been thoroughly investigated.

Psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the Disaster Nursing Readiness Evaluation Index (F-DNREI).

Background: Considering the vital role of nurses in responding to disasters, it is essential to measure their readiness with a valid and reliable tool. The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the Disaster Nursing Readiness Evaluation Index (F-DNREI).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2023 and 2024 among 200 nurses working at educational hospitals affiliated with one of the medical universities in Tehran, Iran.

Design and Evaluation of a Patellar Tendon-Bearing Brace with Off-Loading Mechanism on Tibia.

The current study aimed to design a patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) brace capable of measuring and quantifying weight offloading on the tibia. The PTB brace was designed with off-loading mechanism on the tibia with features, including ankle joint, vertical sliding adaptor, vertical sliding piece, and upper connector of load cells to PTB brace. Also, the present study investigated the effect of brace on 20 healthy individuals under 8 different off-loading conditions, based on measuring the vertical distance between the calf shells and foot plate through a sliding adapter at 0.

Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing for Improving Self-Efficacy in Stroke Patients: An Occupational Therapy Randomized Control Trial Study.

Since self-efficacy or belief in one's personal capabilities is an important predictor of rehabilitation outcomes, this study aimed to investigate the effect of motivational interviewing (MI) on the self-efficacy of stroke patients. Stroke patients ( = 34) participated in a single-blinded randomized control trial study. Both the intervention ( = 17) and control ( = 17) groups received the usual occupational therapy treatment with the intervention group also receiving a weekly session of MI for four weeks.

Novel crossover and recombination hotspots massively spread across primate genomes.

Background: The recombination landscape and subsequent natural selection have vast consequences forevolution and speciation. However, most of the crossover and recombination hotspots are yet to be discovered. We previously reported the relevance of C and G trinucleotide two-repeat units (CG-TTUs) in crossovers and recombination.

An evaluation of a bespoke modified UCBL foot orthosis on subjects with flat foot using kinetic measurements and user comfort scores: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess and evaluate the effect of a bespoke Modified UCBL Foot Orthosis (MUFO) using both kinetic parameters (Centre of Pressure (CoP) and the Ground Reaction Force (GRF) pattern) and comfort scores in subjects diagnosed with flat foot.

Method: This study included thirty-four young adults with symptomatic flatfeet. Two Kistler force plates (100 Hz) were used to record the CoP sway and GRF pattern during four conditions; 1) an MUFO and standard-fit shoe; 2) the University of California-Berkley Lab (UCBL) insole and standard-fit shoe; 3) barefoot and 4) standard-fit shoe only.

Neurocognitive effects of 3 mA prefrontal electrical stimulation in schizophrenia: A randomized sham-controlled tDCS-fMRI study protocol.

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is characterized by cognitive deficits that are linked to prefrontal cortex dysfunction. While transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) shows promise for improving cognition, the effects of intensified 3mA tDCS protocols on brain physiology are unknown. This project aims to elucidate the neurophysiological and cognitive effects of an intensified prefrontal tDCS protocol in SCZ.

Efficacy and tolerability of antipsychotic polypharmacy for schizophrenia spectrum disorders. A systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data.

Background: Antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) is frequently prescribed for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Despite the inconsistent findings on efficacy, APP may be beneficial for subgroups of psychotic patients. This meta-analysis of individual patient data investigated moderators of efficacy and tolerability of APP in adult patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

Measuring social well-being among the older adults: introducing a composite index.

Assessing and monitoring social policies designed to enhance the well-being of older adults necessitates a comprehensive metric that encompasses all facets of their lives. In 2019, a cross-sectional study was carried out in Tehran, Iran, involving interviews with 1 280 older individuals to gauge their well-being. The Older Adults' Social Well-being Index (OSWI) was formulated following the composite indicator construction methodology advocated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Cognitive enhancement through technology: A review of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) interventions in children and adolescents with specific learning disabilities.

Background: In recent years, the exploration of innovative interventions for addressing problems of children and adolescents with specific learning disabilities (SLD) has garnered significant attention within the realm of neurocognitive research. Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) has emerged as a promising tool for enhancing cognitive skills in children, offering a non-invasive and safe method that may particularly benefit those with learning difficulties. We aimed to appraise the extent and the quality of studies about impact of TES on cognitive skills including academic skills in children and adolescents with SLD.

Lille Apathy Rating Scale-Patient Version in Stroke Survivors: Psychometric Properties and Diagnostic Accuracy.

Objectives: This study evaluated the factorial structure, psychometric properties, and diagnostic accuracy of the Persian version of the Lille Apathy Rating Scale-Patient version (LARS-P) in stroke survivors.

Participants: This study comprised 105 stroke survivors and 41 healthy controls.

Methods And Setting: Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factors of the LARS-P.

Effectiveness of bimodal stimulation of the auditory-somatosensory system in the treatment of tonal tinnitus.

Background And Objectives: The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) is the interaction site of auditory and somatosensory system inputs. According to the stochastic resonance theory, hearing loss increases the neural activity of the somatosensory system in the DCN and causes tinnitus. it is possible to modulate this neural hyperactivity by applying random noise through the auditory and somatosensory systems (bimodal stimulation).

Fear of COVID-19, Health Anxiety and Work-Family Conflict in Nurses Working in the COVID-19 Ward.

Background: COVID-19 is an example of an epidemic and sudden crisis that has affected many aspects of life and work and identifying the factors that contribute to its impact can help prevent similar crises in the future. The purpose of this study was to investigate fear of COVID-19, health anxiety, and work-family conflict in nurses working in COVID-19 wards in hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).

Materials And Methods: This descriptive-analytical study used a census method to survey 226 nurses working in eight hospitals affiliated with TUMS.

Factors affecting support: experiences of Iranian older spousal caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease and their support resources.

Objectives: Older spouses are a significant part of family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and need support. Evidence suggests that different factors influence the support of older spousal caregivers. However, there is little evidence about these factors in developing countries like Iran.

Genome editing in K562 cells suggests a functional role for the XmnI Gg polymorphism: a widely used genetic marker in β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease patients.

The XmnI Gg -158 C/T polymorphism has been widely associated with fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels, the severity of disease, and the response to the drug hydroxyurea (HU) in both β-thalassemia (β-thal) and sickle cell disease (SCD) patients. However, the functional significance of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) remains unclear. To gain insight, green fluorescence protein (GFP) cassettes harboring the XmnI C or T alleles in their left homology arms (i.

The effect of using the hip exoskeleton assistive (HEXA) robot compared to conventional physiotherapy on clinical functional outcomes in stroke patients with hemiplegia: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Trial Design: This study is a pilot randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate the effect of using Hip Exoskeleton Assistive (HEXA) robot compared to conventional physiotherapy on the quality of walking, disability, and quality of life of stroke patients with hemiplegia.

Methods: In this study, 24 patients were randomly assigned to the intervention group (robotic physiotherapy with HEXA robot), or control group (conventional physiotherapy). In each session, both groups received 30 min of conventional physiotherapy including electrotherapy and conventional exercises, and then the intervention group did gait training for 30 min with the HEXA robot and the control group for 30 min without the HEXA robot.

Home-based telerehabilitation in multiple sclerosis: a scoping review.

Background: Introducing home-based telerehabilitation (TR) approaches helps clinical experts to choose appropriate and effective interventions and researchers identify knowledge gaps to design clinical trial studies and systematic reviews.

Purpose: This study aimed to review the knowledge of home-based TR in multiple sclerosis.

Method: This scoping review study was conducted based on Arksey and O'Malley's five-step approach.

Bottom-up versus Top-down designed rehabilitation sessions in chronic stroke survivors: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Top-down and Bottom-up approaches on levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework (ICF), including impairments, activities, and participation.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-nine chronic stroke survivors were recruited for this single-blinded randomized clinical trial. Participants were assigned to Top-down, Bottom-up interventions, or control group, and received a 6-week intervention.

Cardiovascular Events Among Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: It is well documented that menopause is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events; however, the results of studies focusing on the association between premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the risk of CV events are controversial. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the risk of CV events among women with POI compared to women with menopausal aged 50-54 years.

Methods: A systematic literature search of PubMed (including Medline), Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted from 1990 to 2022 to retrieve observational studies published in English-language.

Serum Vitamin D, Mania and Depression-Related Scores: A Comparison among Mixed Bipolar, Mania, and Healthy Subjects.

Manic and mixed episodes of bipolar disorder are important episodes of this disorder. The aim of the current study was to assess serum vitamin D (SVD) levels in patients with mania and mixed bipolar disorder, compared to healthy subjects. The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 subjects, including healthy subjects (n = 25), patients with acute-phase mania (n = 25), and patients with mixed bipolar disorder (n = 25).

Evaluating the factor structure and measurement invariance of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale across multiple countries, languages, and gender identities.

The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Model and the various psychometric instruments developed and validated based on this model are well established in clinical and research settings. However, evidence regarding the psychometric validity, reliability, and equivalence across multiple countries of residence, languages, or gender identities, including gender-diverse individuals, is lacking to date. Using data from the International Sex Survey ( = 82,243), confirmatory factor analyses and measurement invariance analyses were performed on the preestablished five-factor structure of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale to examine whether (a) psychometric validity and reliability and (b) psychometric equivalence hold across 34 country-of-residence-related, 22 language-related, and three gender-identity-related groups.