Design and fabrication of a finger prosthesis based on a new method of suspension.

Background And Aim: Finger amputation is one of the most common types of amputation. Prosthesis with adequate suspension, user-friendly design, and an aesthetic appearance can be effective in the rehabilitation of these patients. The aim of this technical note was to propose a technique for fabrication of finger prosthesis with a new suspension approach for such patients.

Effect of powered gait orthosis on walking in individuals with paraplegia.

Background: The important purpose of a powered gait orthosis is to provide active joint movement for patients with spinal cord injury.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of a powered gait orthosis on the kinematics and temporal-spatial parameters in paraplegics with spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental.

Evaluation of psychological aspects among subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome.

Context: While some studies have found disparities between subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), others did not found such differences.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in psychological features between the subtypes of IBS.

Settings And Design: A cross-sectional study was performed on all consecutive outpatients IBS diagnosed (from Oct.

Activities of daily living independence in Iranian blind war survivors: a cross sectional study, 2008.

Aim: Assessment of activities of daily living (ADL) can be helpful for designing individualized rehabilitation programs for disabled individuals. Measuring and comparing the basic ADL (BADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) independence between middle aged and senior Iranian blind war survivors (IBWS) was the aim of this study.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed BADL and IADL of 312 blind war survivors, using the Barthel Index and the Lawton-Bordy scale.

Gait evaluation of the advanced reciprocating gait orthosis with solid versus dorsi flexion assist ankle foot orthoses in paraplegic patients.

Background: Mechanical orthoses are used for standing and walking after neurological injury. Most orthoses such as the advanced reciprocating gait orthosis typically use solid ankle-foot orthoses.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to test the effects of ankle dorsiflexion assistance in patients with spinal cord injury when ambulating with an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis compared to walking with fixed ankles.

The effect of custom-made splints in patients with the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis.

Background: Pain, reduced grip strength, loss of range of motion, and joint stiffness, leading to impaired hand function, and difficulty with daily activities are documented symptoms of first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Splinting is a common type of conservative treatment for this injury.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of custom-made thumb splints on pain, function, grip strength, and key pinch in patients with first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis.

Comparison of the efficacy of laterally wedged insoles and bespoke unloader knee orthoses in treating medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Patients suffering from medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) may be treated with unloader knee orthoses or laterally wedged insoles.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and compare the effects of them on the gait parameters and pain in these patients.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental.

Comparison of custom-made and prefabricated neoprene splinting in patients with the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis.

Aim: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of prefabricated and custom made thumb splints on pain, function, grip strength and key pinch In patients with basilar joint osteoarthritis.

Method: Volunteer patients (n = 35) with first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis were assigned randomly to wear either a prefabricated or custom-made thumb splint or assigned to a control group. This was designed as a cross over study with two 4-week treatment periods, 2 weeks of wash out time for intervention groups between the test conditions and 10-weeks follow-up for the control group.

Comparison of the effects of solid versus hinged ankle foot orthoses on select temporal gait parameters in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury during treadmill walking.

Background: Ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) are usually used for patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (ISCI) to provide support in walking.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of AFOs, with and without ankle hinges, on specific gait parameters during treadmill training by subjects with ISCI.

Study Design: Quasi-experimental.

Looking out for the secret wound: the effect of e-cognitive group therapy with emotional disclosure on the status of mental health in infertile women.

Background: Considering the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among infertile women, it seems that gynecologists, psychiatrists, and psychologists should be more attentive to identify and treat these disorders. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of E-cognitive group therapy with emotional disclosure on mentwal health status of infertile women who are receiving assisted reproduction.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 80 infertile women who were receiving hormonal therapy or other assisted reproductive technologies (ART) were randomly allocated to the cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) group or the control group.

Amphetamine use and its associated factors in body builders: a study from Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: Epidemiological studies on all types of illicit drug use among athletes are essential for both the sport community and drug control achievements. Here, we investigated the prevalence and associated factors of amphetamine use in body builders in Tehran, Iran, 2007.

Material And Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a substance use survey done in 103 randomly selected gymnasia in Tehran (capital city of Iran).

The effect of an isocentric reciprocating gait orthosis incorporating an active knee mechanism on the gait of a spinal cord injury patient: a single case study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the effect of induced knee flexion during gait on the kinematics and temporal-spatial parameters during walking by a patient with spinal cord injury (SCI) through the application of an isocentric reciprocating gait orthosis (IRGO) with a powered knee mechanism.

Methods: Two orthoses were considered and evaluated for an ISCI subject with a T8 level of injury. An IRGO was initially manufactured by incorporating drop lock knee joints and was fabricated with custom molded AFOs to block ankle motion.

Reciprocal gait orthoses and powered gait orthoses for walking by spinal cord injury patients.

Background: Using mechanical orthoses have some limitations for walking in paraplegic patients. The development of powered orthoses could potentially overcome some of the limitations of those currently available.

Objectives: The aim of this review was to compare the evidence of the effect of powered gait orthoses (PGOs) when compared to reciprocating gait orthoses (RGOs) and also hip guidance orthoses (HGOs) in improving gait parameters and the energy efficiency of walking by spinal cord injury (SCI) patients.

Does spiritual group psychotherapy impact on the rate of pregnancy? A case report.

Distressing character of infertility has led to the development of several psychosocial interventions. We describe two women who suffered from infertility with unknown cause for a long-time period. They participated in weekly, one and half hour group psychotherapy for 10 sessions regularly and became pregnant after these sessions.

Evaluation of a novel powered gait orthosis for walking by a spinal cord injury patient.

Background: The aim of this case study was to analyze the effect on gait parameters of a new design of powered gait orthosis which applied synchronized motions to both the hip and knee joints when utilized for walking by a spinal cord injury (SCI) patient.

Case Description And Methods: Two orthoses were evaluated while worn by an incomplete SCI subject. Gait evaluation was performed when walking with an isocentric reciprocating gait orthosis (IRGO) and compared to that demonstrated by a newly developed powered version.

Evaluation of a novel powered hip orthosis for walking by a spinal cord injury patient: a single case study.

Background: The aim of this case study was to identify the effect of a powered hip orthosis on the kinematics and temporal-spatial parameters of walking by a patient with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Case Description And Methods: Two orthoses were evaluated while worn by an incomplete SCI subject with a T-8level of injury. Gait evaluation was performed when walking with an Isocentric Reciprocating Gait Orthosis (IRGO) and compared to that demonstrated by a newly powered version of the orthosis; based on the IRGO superstructure but incorporating powered hip joints using an electrically motorized actuator that produced active hip joint extension and flexion.

Design and simulation of a new powered gait orthosis for paraplegic patients.

Background And Aim: This article describes the development and testing of a new powered gait orthosis to potentially assist spinal cord injury patients to walk by producing synchronized hip and knee joint movements.

Technique: The first evaluation of the orthosis was performed without users, and was followed by evaluation of the orthosis performance using three healthy subjects to test the structure under weight-bearing conditions. The orthosis was primarily evaluated to ascertain its ability to generate appropriate hip and knee motion during walking.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with partial ear amputation using a self suspension technique.

Background And Aim: Partial ear amputations are one of the forms of ear loss. A user-friendly design of prosthesis with safe suspension and an aesthetic appearance can be helpful to a patient who has lost part of their ear due to congenital absence or trauma. Prosthetic use has social and psychological effects on the patient and their family.

Is there a gender difference in associates of adolescents' lifetime illicit drug use in Tehran, Iran?

Introduction: Information regarding gender differences in drug use of adolescents is essential for designing gender-specific drug prevention policies. This study was conducted in high school students in Tehran, Iran, in 2007. Here, we report the gender differences in lifetime prevalence as well as psychosocial associates of drug use.

Needle and syringe sharing among Iranian drug injectors.

Objective: The role of needle and syringe sharing behavior of injection drug users (IDUs) in spreading of blood-borne infections - specially HIV/AIDS - is well known. However, very little is known in this regard from Iran. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and associates of needle and syringe sharing among Iranian IDUs.

Substance-dependent professional drivers in Iran: a descriptive study.

Objective: To determine characteristics of a nationwide sample of Iranian dependent drug users whose main profession is driving.

Methods: Data were derived from a larger study, which aimed to describe pattern of drug dependency in Iran. A "driver" was defined as a person whose main profession was driving a motor vehicle to earn a living.

Dual task interference in implicit sequence learning by young and old adults.

Background And Aims: Motor sequence is the focus of too much of human's intelligent behavior. It is well-known that such sequential skills involve chaining a number of primitive actions together. Cognitive aging is the part of aging that causes decreased cognitive ability of the elderly such as learning.