Electron-Donating Zr Induces Suppressed Ru Over-Oxidation and Accelerated Deprotonation Process Toward Efficient and Durable Water Electrolysis.

The scarcity of cost-effective and durable iridium-free anode electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) poses a significant challenge to the widespread application of the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). To address the electrochemical oxidation and dissolution issues of Ru-based electrocatalysts, an electron-donating modification strategy is developed to stabilize WRuO under harsh oxidative conditions. The optimized catalyst with a low Zirconium doping (Zr, 1 wt.

Change surface regression for nonlinear subgroup identification with application to warfarin pharmacogenomics data.

Pharmacogenomics stands as a pivotal driver toward personalized medicine, aiming to optimize drug efficacy while minimizing adverse effects by uncovering the impact of genetic variations on inter-individual outcome variability. Despite its promise, the intricate landscape of drug metabolism introduces complexity, where the correlation between drug response and genes can be shaped by numerous nongenetic factors, often exhibiting heterogeneity across diverse subpopulations. This challenge is particularly pronounced in datasets such as the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetic Consortium (IWPC), which encompasses diverse patient information from multiple nations.

Catalytic effects of iron adatoms in poly(-phenylene) synthesis on rutile TiO(110).

-Armchair graphene nanoribbons (nAGNRs) are promising components for next-generation nanoelectronics due to their controllable band gap, which depends on their width and edge structure. Using non-metal surfaces for fabricating nAGNRs gives access to reliable information on their electronic properties. We investigated the influence of light and iron adatoms on the debromination of 4,4''-dibromo--terphenyl precursors affording poly(-phenylene) (PPP as the narrowest GNR) wires through the Ullmann coupling reaction on a rutile TiO(110) surface, which we studied by scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy.

Supramolecularly Built Local Electric Field Microenvironment around Cobalt Phthalocyanine in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalysis.

The local electric field (LEF) plays an important role in the catalytic process; however, the precise construction and manipulation of the electric field microenvironment around the active site remains a significant challenge. Here, we have developed a supramolecular strategy for the implementation of a LEF by introducing the host macrocycle 18-crown-6 (18C6) into a cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc)-containing covalent organic framework (COF). Utilizing the supramolecular interaction between 18C6 and potassium ion (K), a locally enhanced K concentration around CoPc can be built to generate a LEF microenvironment around the catalytically active Co site.

Ordered Interfacial Water Generated at Poly(ionic liquid) Membrane Surface Imparts Ultrafast Water Transport and Superoleophobicity.

Achieving ultrahigh permeance and superoleophobicity is crucial for membrane application. Here, we demonstrated that a poly(ionic liquid)/PES hydrogel membrane can achieve dual goals. The high polarity of the ionic liquids induces the water molecules on the membrane surface to be arranged more ordered, as verified by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and advanced femtosecond sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy.

Efficient CH oxidation to C1/C2 oxygenates over cluster-dispersing Rh decorated ZSM-5.

Crafting highly dispersed active metal sites on catalysts is an optimal method for improving the catalytic reactivity and stability, as it would improve atomic utilization efficiency, enhance reactant adsorption and activation ability through unique geometric and electronic properties. In this study, two synthesis methods were employed (ammonia evaporation (AE) and the impregnation method (IM)) to load Rh species onto the ZSM-5 support in order to attain tunable dispersivity, during which a 1.25-fold increase in the total yield of liquid oxygenated products (32 433.

An all-in-one microfluidic cryopreservation system and protocols with gradually increasing CPA concentration.

In regular biosample cryopreservation operations, dropwise pipetting and continuous swirling are ordinarily needed to prevent cell damage ( sudden osmotic change, toxicity and dissolution heat) caused by the high-concentration cryoprotectant (CPA) addition process. The following CPA removal process after freezing and rewarming also requires multiple sample transfer processes and manual work. In order to optimize the cryopreservation process, especially for trace sample preservation, here we present a microfluidic approach integrating CPA addition, sample storage, CPA removal and sample resuspension processes on a 30 × 30 × 4 mm three-layer chip.

Deciphering the Sulfur-Involved Bonding Interactions in Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile: The Formation Thermodynamics and the Roles in Electrochemical Characteristics.

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) exhibits a very high cycle stability by overcoming the shuttle effect of conventional Li-S batteries. However, there are still controversies in SPAN about the bonding types of sulfur with the matrix, their critical synthesis temperature regions, and their roles in the electrochemical lithium storage reaction, seriously hindering the economical synthesis of SPAN, the optimization of performances, and the exploration of other SPAN-like alternatives. The key to solving the above problems lies in accurate measurements of the thermodynamic evolution of bonding interactions in the synthesis process as well as in the electrochemical process.

Magnetic Bistable Dome Actuators for Soft Robotics with High Volume Capacity and Motion Stability.

Magneto-responsive soft actuators hold significant promise in soft robotics due to their rapid responsiveness and untethered operation. However, controlling their deformations presents challenges because of their inherent flexibility and high degrees of freedom. Here, we present a magnetically driven bistable dome-shaped soft actuator that simplifies deformation by limiting it to two distinct states.

Engineering Atom-Scale Cascade Catalysis via Multi-Active Site Collaboration for Ampere-Level CO Electroreduction to C Products.

Electrochemical reduction of CO to value-added multicarbon (C) productions offers an attractive route for renewable energy storage and CO utilization, but it remains challenging to achieve high C selectivity at industrial-level current density. Herein, a MoCu single-atom alloy (SAA) catalyst is reported that displays a remarkable C Faradaic efficiency of 86.4% under 0.

A Robust, Biodegradable, and Fire-Retardant Cellulose Nanofibers-Based Structural Material Fabricated from Natural Sargassum.

With increasing concern about the environmental pollution of petrochemical plastics, people are constantly exploring environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative materials. Compared with petrochemical materials, cellulose has overwhelming superiority in terms of mechanical properties, thermal properties, cost, and biodegradability. However, the flammability of cellulose hinders its practical application to a certain extent, so improving the fire-retardant properties of cellulose nanofiber-based materials has become a research focus.

Remote epitaxial crystalline perovskites for ultrahigh-resolution micro-LED displays.

The miniaturization of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is pivotal in ultrahigh-resolution displays. Metal-halide perovskites promise efficient light emission, long-range carrier transport and scalable manufacturing for bright microscale LED (micro-LED) displays. However, thin-film perovskites with inhomogeneous spatial distribution of light emission and unstable surface under lithography are incompatible with the micro-LED devices.

Intramolecular DNA Wheel Construction for Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of miRNA.

Accurate and reliable quantification of disease-related biomolecules is essential for clinical diagnosis. In this study, a novel electrochemical approach is developed based on a target triggered DNA nanostructural switch from a hairpin dimer to a double-stranded wheel. During the process, electrochemical species get closer to the electrode interface, and the multiple intramolecular strand displacements are beneficial to low abundant target analysis.

A self-gelling hemostatic powder boosting radiotherapy-elicited NK cell immunity to combat postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma relapse.

Liver resection represents a main curative treatment for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but there is a rather high incidence of postoperative HCC relapse, which severely shortens long-term survival time. Currently, no standard adjuvant strategies are available for preventing HCC relapse in clinical practice. Impaired natural killer (NK) cell anti-tumor immunity has been disclosed as a crucial root of HCC relapse, indicating that reinstating NK cell anti-tumor immunity may show promise to curb HCC relapse.

Optimizing low-temperature CO oxidation under realistic combustion conditions: The impact of CeO morphology on Au/CeO catalysts.

The development of carbon monoxide oxidation catalysts for complex gas environments faces significant challenges in fire scenarios. Only a few representative gases are used as interfering components in simulated real smoke under laboratory conditions, which cannot accurately reflect the performance of catalysts in a real fire. Herein, Au/CeO catalysts with high activity were prepared by adjusting the morphology (rod, cube, polyhedron and irregular particles) and exposed crystal surface ratio of CeO.

Association between circulating inflammatory proteins and temporomandibular disorders: insight from a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Past studies have indicated links between specific inflammatory proteins in the bloodstream and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Nonetheless, there remains the need for further solid research pinpointing the exact causes behind these associations. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to examine the association between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and TMDs.

Age- and Sex-Specific Regulation of Serine Racemase in the Retina of an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse.

Purpose: Changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may have measurable effects on the retina, which may facilitate early detection due to the eye's accessibility. Retinal pathology and the regulation of serine racemase (SR) were investigated in the retinas of APP(SW)/PS1(∆E9) mice.

Methods: SR in the retinas and the content of D-serine in the aqueous humor were analyzed.

Effects of leading-edge serration shape on noise reduction in rod-airfoil interactions.

Leading-edge serrations inspired by owls exhibit the capability to control airfoil-turbulence interaction noise, but the design principle of the serration shape is still an open issue. To this end, we designed five types of serration shapes with different combinations of curvature, namely, triangular, ogee, anti-ogee, feather-like, and anti-feather-like. These curves are applied to serrated modifications with different bluntness levels (sharp or blunt) and amplitudes (0.

Research on high-performance, real-time periodic signal detection method based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

Long-Time Coherent Integration (LTCI) utilizes digital integration to combine multiple coherent cycles, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Our previous work introduced single-bit LTCI, an approach optimized for FPGA implementation, but faced challenges of output saturation at high SNR levels and inherent limitations in SNR gain (SNRG), which are insufficient for certain applications. This paper presents a threshold tracking method that improves the performance of single-bit LTCI in high-SNR scenarios.

Observation of Large Low-Field Magnetoresistance in Layered (NdNiO):NdO Films at High Temperatures.

Large low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR, < 1 T), related to the spin-disorder scattering or spin-polarized tunneling at boundaries of polycrystalline manganates, holds considerable promise for the development of low-power and ultrafast magnetic devices. However, achieving significant LFMR typically necessitates extremely low temperatures due to diminishing spin polarization as temperature rises. To address this challenge, one strategy involves incorporating Ruddlesden-Popper structures (ABO):AO, which are layered derivatives of perovskite structure capable of potentially inducing heightened magnetic fluctuations at higher temperatures.

A Mitochondria-Related Signature in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Prognosis, Immune and Therapeutic Features.

Background: Distinctive heterogeneity characterizes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one of the most frequent types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mitochondria have been demonstrated to be closely involved in tumorigenesis and progression, particularly in DLBCL.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to identify the prognostic mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in DLBCL, and to develop a risk model based on MRGs and machine learning algorithms.

Antibacterial carbon dots.

Bacterial infections significantly threaten human health, leading to severe diseases and complications across multiple systems and organs. Antibiotics remain the primary treatment strategy for these infections. However, the growing resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics underscores the urgent need for safe and effective alternative treatments.

Interplay between creeping fat and gut microbiota: A brand-new perspective on fecal microbiota transplantation in Crohn's disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease, particularly Crohn's disease (CD), has been linked to modifications in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) and the phenomenon known as "creeping fat" (CrF). The presence of CrF is believed to serve as a predictor for early clinical recurrence following surgical intervention in patients with CD. Notably, the incorporation of the mesentery during ileocolic resection for CD has been correlated with a decrease in surgical recurrence, indicating the significant role of MAT in the pathogenesis of CD.

Spatially Resolved Multiomics: Data Analysis from Monoomics to Multiomics.

Spatial monoomics has been recognized as a powerful tool for exploring life sciences. Recently, spatial multiomics has advanced considerably, which could contribute to clarifying many biological issues. Spatial monoomics techniques in epigenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics can enhance our understanding of biological functions and cellular identities by simultaneously measuring tissue structures and biomolecule levels.

PSMA-Targeted Intracellular Self-Assembled Probe for Enhanced PET Imaging.

Positron-emission tomography (PET) offers high sensitivity for cancer diagnosis. However, small-molecule-based probes often exhibit insufficient accumulation in tumor sites, while nanoparticle-based agents typically have limited delivery efficiency. To address this challenge, this study proposes a novel PET imaging probe, Ga-CBT-PSMA, designed for prostate cancer.