Impact of hormone receptor status and tumor subtypes of breast cancer in young BRCA carriers.

Background: Hormone receptor expression is a known positive prognostic and predictive factor in breast cancer; however, limited evidence exists on its prognostic impact on prognosis of young patients harboring a pathogenic variant (PV) in the BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 genes.

Patients And Methods: This international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study included young patients (aged ≤40 years) diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and harboring germline PVs in BRCA genes. We investigated the impact of hormone receptor status on clinical behavior and outcomes of breast cancer.

Understanding the Significance of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs) in Glioblastoma: A Systematic Review.

Background: The study aims to investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) in the development, progression, and therapeutic potential of glioblastomas.

Methodology: The study, following PRISMA guidelines, systematically examined hypoxia and HIFs in glioblastoma using MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 104 relevant studies underwent data extraction.

Nanomaterial-Driven Precision Immunomodulation: A New Paradigm in Therapeutic Interventions.

Immunotherapy is a rapidly advancing field of research in the treatment of conditions such as cancer and autoimmunity. Nanomaterials can be designed for immune system manipulation, with precise targeted delivery and improved immunomodulatory efficacy. Here, we elaborate on various strategies using nanomaterials, including liposomes, polymers, and inorganic NPs, and discuss their detailed design intricacies, mechanisms, and applications, including the current regulatory issues.

Nanotechnology in medicine revolutionizing drug delivery for cancer and viral infection treatments.

Advancements in nanotechnology were vastly applied in medicine and pharmacy, especially in the field of nano-delivery systems. It took a long time for these systems to ensure precise delivery of very delicate molecules, such as RNA, to cells at concentrations that yield remarkable efficiency, with success rates reaching 95.0% and 94.

Ethical Checklists for Clinical Research Projects and Laboratory Medicine: two tools to evaluate compliance with bioethical principles in different settings.

Objectives: To develop two ethical checklists to evaluate (i) management of ethical concerns in research projects and (ii) awareness of ethical conduct of healthcare laboratory professionals.

Methods: Comprehensive discussion among the members of IFCC Task Force on Ethics based on pertinent literature.

Results: This Checklist for Clinical Research Projects should be useful to evaluate research proposals from an ethical perspective before submitting it to an IRB or its equivalent, thereby diminishing rejection rates and resulting in more time-effective projects.

Hydrazone-flavonol based oxidovanadium(V) complexes: Synthesis, characterization and antihyperglycemic activity of chloro derivative in vivo.

Wet synthesis approach afforded four new heteroleptic mononuclear neutral diamagnetic oxidovanadium(V) complexes, comprising salicylaldehyde-based 2-furoic acid hydrazones and a flavonol coligand of the general composition [VO(fla)(L-ONO)]. The complexes were comprehensively characterized, including chemical analysis, conductometry, infrared, electronic, and mass spectroscopy, as well as 1D H and proton-decoupled C(H) NMR spectroscopy, alongside extensive 2D HH COSY, HC HMQC, and HC HMBC NMR analyses. Additionally, the quantum chemical properties of the complexes were studied using Gaussian at the B3LYP, HF, and M062X levels on the 6-31++g(d,p) basis sets.

Association of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes variants with disease severity and most important biomarkers in COVID-19 patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim: To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes with COVID-19 severity and key biomarkers.

Methods: The study involved 750 COVID-19 patients from Bosnia and Herzegovina, divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe cases. Genetic variations within the ACE2 (rs2285666) and TMPRSS2 (rs2070788) genes were examined with real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Prognostic relevance of preoperative CA 19-9 values in stage III rectal adenocarcinoma: retrospective analysis and clinical implications.

Aim: To investigate prognostic significance of preoperative levels of the Carbohydrate anti-gen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in patients with stage III rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent a treatment at the Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo.

Materials: A retrospective cohort study included 84 patients who underwent radical anterior rectal resection due to grade III rectal adenocarcinoma, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy according to the FOLFOX protocol (Oxaliplatin, Leucovorin, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)). The patients were divided into two groups according to CA 19-9 values (≥27 U/mL and <27 U/mL, respectively).

When time does not heal all wounds: three decades' experience of immigrants living in Sweden.

Aim: To investigate how immigrants from the Balkan region experienced their current life situation after living in Sweden for 30 years or more.

Materials: The study was designed as a qualitative study using data from interviews with informants from five Balkan countries. The inclusion criteria were informants who were immigrants to Sweden and had lived in Sweden for more than 30 years.

Expertise in surgical neuro-oncology. Results of a survey by the EANS neuro-oncology section.

Introduction: Technical advances and the increasing role of interdisciplinary decision-making may warrant formal definitions of expertise in surgical neuro-oncology.

Research Question: The EANS Neuro-oncology Section felt that a survey detailing the European neurosurgical perspective on the concept of expertise in surgical neuro-oncology might be helpful.

Material And Methods: The EANS Neuro-oncology Section panel developed an online survey asking questions regarding criteria for expertise in neuro-oncological surgery and sent it to all individual EANS members.

P53: A key player in diverse cellular processes including nuclear stress and ribosome biogenesis, highlighting potential therapeutic compounds.

The tumor suppressor proteins are key transcription factors involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, such as apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle, senescence, and metabolism. The tumor suppressor protein p53 responds to different type of stress signaling, such as hypoxia, DNA damage, nutrient deprivation, oncogene activation, by activating or repressing the expression of different genes that target processes mentioned earlier. p53 has the ability to modulate the activity of many other proteins and signaling pathway through protein-protein interaction, post-translational modifications, or non-coding RNAs.

First experiences with automated annular suturing device in totally endoscopic aortic and mitral valve replacement.

Objectives: To overcome some of the challenges of endoscopic minimally invasive valve surgery, an automated annular suturing device has been used in aortic and mitral valve replacement surgeries. The current study investigates early clinical outcomes of patients who received aortic or mitral valve replacement with the help of the RAM® device as first experiences in minimally invasive valve surgery.

Methods: Between September 2020 and June 2023, 66 consecutive patients (mean age 61.

Left atrial stiffness is in correlation with left atrial reservoir strain in pediatric patients with mitral regurgitation.

Background: Left atrial stiffness index (LASI), defined as the ratio of early diastolic transmitral flow velocity/lateral mitral annulus myocardial velocity (E/e') to peak atrial strain, reflects reduced left atrial (LA) compliance and represents an emerging marker that can be used for noninvasive measurement of fibrosis of LA in patients with mitral regurgitation (MR).

Objective: To investigate the impact of chronic MR in children and adolescents on the remodeling and function of the LA, quantified through strain parameters and diastolic function.

Methods: The study included fifty patients (n= 50) diagnosed with primary and secondary chronic MR lasting at least 5 years.

Preparation, characterization, and in vitro cytogenotoxic evaluation of a novel dimenhydrinate-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex.

Dimenhydrinate (DMH), used to alleviate motion sickness symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo, encounters limitations in oral pharmaceutical formulations due to its poor water solubility and bitter taste. Our research hypothesized that inclusion complexation with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) might address these drawbacks while ensuring that the newly formed complexes exhibit no cytotoxic or genotoxic effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Inclusion complexes were prepared using the kneading method and the solvent evaporation method.

Dual Antimicrobial-Anticancer Potential, Hydrolysis, and DNA/BSA Binding Affinity of a Novel Water-Soluble Ruthenium-Arene Ethylenediamine Schiff base (RAES) Organometallic.

The need for a systematic approach in developing new metal-based drugs with dual anticancer-antimicrobial properties is emphasized by the vulnerability of cancer patients to bacterial infections. In this context, a novel organometallic assembly was designed, featuring ruthenium(II) coordination with p-cymene, one chlorido ligand, and a bidentate neutral Schiff base derived from 4-methoxybenzaldehyde and N,N-dimethylethylenediamine. The compound was extensively characterized in both solid-state and solution, employing single crystal X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and density functional theory, alongside Hirshfeld surface analysis.

Phytoremediation potential of Brassica oleracea varieties through cadmium tolerance gene expression analysis.

Background: Brassica oleracea var. acephala, commonly referred to as kale, is a well-documented plant species, a food crop but well recognized for its capacity to endure and manage the accumulation of heavy metals. In this research, the phytoremediation potential of kale was evaluated based on cadmium intake, utilizing three distinct kale varieties originating from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The Impact of Aerobic Dance Intervention on Postural Balance in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of an 8-week aerobic dance intervention on postural balance in children. Forty-one children, aged 9 to 11, were randomly assigned to either an aerobic dance group (ADG) or a control group (CG) from a primary school. Postural balance was assessed using center of pressure (CoP) excursions before and after the 8-week intervention period.

Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

ticks carry and transmit a wide range of pathogens to vertebrate hosts. Limited information is available about the existence of emerging tick-borne pathogens and the distribution of in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study aimed to investigate the occurrence and distribution of and to detect the presence of spp.

Development of a long noncoding RNA-based machine learning model to predict COVID-19 in-hospital mortality.

Tools for predicting COVID-19 outcomes enable personalized healthcare, potentially easing the disease burden. This collaborative study by 15 institutions across Europe aimed to develop a machine learning model for predicting the risk of in-hospital mortality post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. Blood samples and clinical data from 1286 COVID-19 patients collected from 2020 to 2023 across four cohorts in Europe and Canada were analyzed, with 2906 long non-coding RNAs profiled using targeted sequencing.

A systematic scoping review of the neurological effects of COVID-19.

Background: The global coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic began in early 2020, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In mid-2020 the CIAO (Modelling the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Using the Adverse Outcome Pathway Framework) project was established, bringing together over 75 interdisciplinary scientists worldwide to collaboratively investigate the underlying biological mechanisms of COVID-19 and consolidate the data using the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) Framework. Neurological symptoms such as anosmia and encephalitis have been frequently reported to be associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2.

The triple exposure nexus of microplastic particles, plastic-associated chemicals, and environmental pollutants from a human health perspective.

The presence of microplastics (MPs) is increasing at a dramatic rate globally, posing risks for exposure and subsequent potential adverse effects on human health. Apart from being physical objects, MP particles contain thousands of plastic-associated chemicals (i.e.

Impact of Forced Swimming Stress on Serum Adiponectin and Endothelin-1 Levels in Wistar Rats: Comparative Analysis of Dietary Effects.

Aim This study aimed to assess the impact of forced repeated swimming stress on serum adiponectin and endothelin-1 levels in Wistar rats, comparing the effects between those fed a standard diet and those on a high-fat diet. Methods Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided into two dietary groups: a standard food diet group (NFD, n=10) and a high-fat diet group (HFD, n=10). Both groups underwent daily forced swimming stress for six days, with durations increasing from 5 to 30 minutes.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of children with acute cryptorchid testicular torsion: A single-center, retrospective case series study.

Background: Cryptorchidism and testicular torsion (TT) are relatively common conditions in clinical practice; however, sparse information about cryptorchid TT is available in the current literature.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and long-term outcomes of pediatric patients treated for acute cryptorchid TT.

Results: We found eight patients with unilateral acute cryptorchid TT with a prevalence of 8.

Rehabilitation of Rare Neurological Complications of COVID-19 Infection in Health Resort Settings.

There is increasing evidence of neurological involvement in patients with coronavirus disease. Reports of neurological manifestations include altered mental status, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its forms, encephalopathy, psychosis, neurocognitive (dementia) syndrome, ischemic strokes, intracerebral hemorrhage, and acute transverse myelitis. We present three patients with rare neurological manifestations of the COVID-19 disease, with a special focus on rehabilitation in a health resort setting.