2,421 results match your criteria: "University of Sao Paulo-School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Introduction: Associations between amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) plasma biomarkers and cognition have not been characterized in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: Using data from participants in the Glycemic Variability and Fluctuations in Cognitive Status in Adults with T1D (GluCog) study ( = 114), we evaluated associations between phosphorylated tau (pTau)181, pTau217, β-amyloid 42/40 ratio, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) and self-administered digital cognitive tests, adjusting for age, sex, education, comorbidities (e.g.

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Atopic dermatitis, food allergy, anaphylaxis, and other atopic conditions.

J Allergy Clin Immunol

December 2024

Division of Allergy and Immunology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Electronic address:

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Study Objectives: Sleep characteristics are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and both sleep and CVD risk vary by gender. Our objective was to examine associations between polysomnographic sleep characteristics and CVD risk after excluding moderate-severe sleep apnea, and whether gender modifies these associations.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with at-home polysomnography in adults in Brazil (n= 1,102 participants with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI)<15 events/hour).

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal malignancy associated with cirrhosis and liver dysfunction. The aim of this study is to characterize a cohort of patients with advanced HCC according to liver function-related variables and evaluate the prognostic significance of Child-Pugh (CP) and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores. A database of 406 HCC patients treated between 2009 and 2023 was retrospectively evaluated.

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Vaccination has played a critical role in mitigating COVID-19. Despite the availability of licensed vaccines, there remains a pressing need for improved vaccine platforms that provide high protection, safety, and versatility, while also reducing vaccine costs. In response to these challenges, our aim is to create a self-adjuvanted vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, utilizing Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) as the foundation.

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  • Neck pain is a common issue linked to musculoskeletal disorders, and this study introduces an ultrasound-guided technique called the Levator Scapulae Plane Block (LeSP Block) to treat it.
  • Two female patients, aged 77 and 50, received the LeSP Block and both reported significant pain relief afterward, with one achieving complete remission.
  • The study suggests that the LeSP Block is effective and simple to perform, recommending its use in managing shoulder and scapular pain, while calling for further anatomical studies to enhance the technique.
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  • - The study investigates the role of PIEZO2, a mechanotransducer, in bladder function and its possible link to lower urinary tract dysfunction in men with bladder outlet obstruction caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  • - Researchers analyzed bladder wall samples from men undergoing prostate surgery and found that PIEZO2 expression was lower in those with BPH, especially in patients experiencing urinary retention.
  • - The results suggest that reduced PIEZO2 expression may contribute to bladder dysfunction in BPH patients, indicating a need for further research into its therapeutic potential.
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  • A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Reverse Trendelenburg (RevTren) and Trendelenburg (Tren) surgical positions versus standard dorsal lithotomy in reducing ureteral stone migration during ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy.
  • The study reviewed 137 articles, ultimately including 8 that involved 1,374 patients, highlighting that RevTren significantly reduced stone migration and improved success rates, while Tren increased stone success despite promoting migration to upper calyces.
  • Both alternative positions offer notable benefits over the standard method without increasing complications, suggesting they can be safely integrated into clinical practice for better patient outcomes.
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Introduction: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (LS) are the main options for ileal ureteral replacement (IUR). It is not clear which option is superior. The purpose of this study is to compare RALS and LS for IUR.

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  • Ureteroscopy (URS) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) are minimally invasive procedures for kidney stones but can lead to significant postoperative pain, traditionally managed with opioids.
  • Due to the risks of opioid abuse and addiction, many healthcare facilities are seeking safer alternatives for pain management, prompting this study to compare opioid and opioid-free regimens.
  • The analysis of 10 studies indicates that opioid-free pain management leads to fewer emergency department visits and less opioid use at discharge, suggesting it may be a more effective approach post-surgery.
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  • * There are currently no specific diagnostic tests or drug treatments for CD, although research is exploring microRNAs (miRNAs) and their role in the disease's pathogenesis.
  • * The review highlights that miRNAs can influence various biological pathways tied to CD, suggesting that understanding these molecules may improve diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of the condition.
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Effects of glycaemic control on memory performance, hippocampal volumes and depressive symptomology.

Diabetol Metab Syndr

September 2024

Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.

Background: Diabetes and poor glycaemic control have been shown to negatively impact cognitive abilities, while also raising risk of both mood disorders and brain structural atrophy. Sites of atrophy include the hippocampus, which has been implicated in both memory performance and depression. The current study set out to better characterise the associations between poor glycaemic control, memory performance, and depression symptoms, and investigate whether loss of hippocampal volume could represent a neuropathological mechanism underlying these.

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Background: The pterional craniotomy, described by Yasargil and Fox in 1975, constitutes the most traditional and important surgical access in vascular neurosurgery. Minimally invasive alternatives include the minipterional (MP) and lateral supraorbital (LSO) craniotomies, which avoid complications such as injury to the frontal branch of the facial nerve, temporal muscle dysfunction, depression of the craniotomy site, frontal sinus opening, and cosmetically unacceptable outcomes. We evaluated and compared the exposures provided by MP and LSO craniotomies through quantitative measurements of the surgical exposure area around the circle of Willis and parasellar regions, as well as angular and linear exposures of the internal carotid artery (ICA) bifurcation, middle cerebral artery (MCA), midpoint of the anterior communicating artery, and tip of the basilar artery (BA).

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The Anatomy and Embryology of Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Atresia.

World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg

September 2024

Laboratory of Pathology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.

In this review, we approach the main morphologic and developmental aspects of the congenital cardiovascular malformation known as tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia. It is recognized that pulmonary atresia associated with a deficient ventricular septation can occur in several situations. However, the tetralogy presentation in particular, with frequent but not invariable concomitance of systemic-to-pulmonary collateral arteries supplying the lungs entirely or in part, poses surgical challenges.

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  • A study was conducted to compare robotic minor liver resections (RMLR) with laparoscopic minor liver resections (LMLR) in patients undergoing surgery on the anterolateral liver segments.
  • The analysis included over 10,000 patients and employed propensity score matching to balance the groups for accuracy in comparisons.
  • Results indicated RMLR had benefits like less blood loss, lower major morbidity, and shorter hospital stays than LMLR, although the difference in 30-day readmission rates suggested RMLR may have some drawbacks.
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Objectives: Endoscopic resection is the preferred approach to treat early Barrett's neoplasia, reducing the need for surgical interventions. However, the best choice between endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) remains unclear. The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of EMR vs.

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: Typhoid fever caused by serovar Typhi continues to pose a significant risk to public health in developing countries, including Pakistan. This study investigated the epidemiological factors linked to suspected and confirmed infections in Peshawar's hospital population. : A total of 5735 blood samples of patients with suspected enteric fever were collected from September 2022 to November 2023.

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Decompressive Craniectomy with or Without Dural Closure: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Neurocrit Care

August 2024

Division of Neurosurgery, University of São Paulo, Street Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 225 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil.

Decompressive craniectomy is used to alleviate intracranial pressure in cases of traumatic brain injury and stroke by removing part of the skull to allow brain expansion. Traditionally, this procedure is followed by a watertight dural suture, although evidence supporting this method is not strong. This meta-analysis examines the feasibility of the open-dura (OD) approach versus the traditional closed-dura (CD) technique with watertight suturing.

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  • A 27-year-old man with KD presented symptoms like leg edema, cervical mass, and high eosinophil levels, leading to diagnoses of overlapping membranous nephropathy and IgA nephropathy.
  • Treatment involved prednisone and methotrexate, resulting in a reduction of the cervical mass and improvement in kidney function, indicating a need to monitor kidney health in KD patients.
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Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Current drugs are not effective for treating the primary fibrotic component of CD. Recommended invasive treatments include endoscopic balloon dilation, surgery with resection, or strictureplasty.

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