Taurine Neuroprotection and Neurogenesis Effect in Chronic Ethanol-Induced Rats.

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a non-protein β-amino acid essential for cellular homeostasis, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties that are crucial for life maintenance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of taurine administration on hippocampal neurogenesis, neuronal preservation, or reverse damage in rats exposed to forced ethanol consumption in an animal model. Wistar rats were treated with ethanol (EtOH) for a 28-day period (5% in the 1st week, 10% in the 2nd week, and 20% in the 3rd and 4th weeks).

The role of peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of acute kidney injury in neurocritical patients: a retrospective Brazilian study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently in the neurocritical intensive care unit and is associated with greater morbidity and mortality. AKI and its treatment, including acute kidney replacement therapy, can expose patients to a secondary greater brain injury. This study aimed to explore the role of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in neurocritical AKI patients in relation to metabolic and fluid control, complications related to PD and outcome.

Strategies to Prevent Infections in Dialysis Patients.

Infections are the second leading cause of death among patients with end-stage kidney disease, behind only cardiovascular disease. In addition, patients on chronic dialysis are at a higher risk for acquiring infection caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and for death resulting from infection owing to their likelihood of requiring treatment that involves invasive devices, their frequent exposure to antibiotics, and their impaired immunity. Vascular access is a major risk factor for bacteremia, hospitalization, and mortality among hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Pre-fertilization approach using α-l-fucosidase modulates zona pellucida hardening during bovine in vitro embryo production.

The polyspermy occurrence is considerably lower under in vivo compared to in vitro embryo culture conditions, suggesting that the presence of some factors in the maternal environment is responsible for this. The α-L-fucosidase (FUCA) is a natural glycosidase present in the oviductal fluid, therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effect of adding FUCA to the hardening of the zona pellucida (ZP), polyspermy control, and embryonic yield and quality of bovine blastocysts produced in vitro. In the first experiment, the effect of FUCA (0.

Successful Liberation from Acute Kidney Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Recovery of kidney function to liberate patients from acute kidney replacement therapy (AKRT) is recognized as a vital patient-centered outcome. The lack of specific guidelines providing specific recommendations on therapy interruption is an important obstacle. We aimed to determine the prevalence of successful discontinuation of AKRT and its predictive factors after the elaboration of clinical protocol with these recommendations.

Some new insights into the biological activities of carboxymethylated polysaccharides from Lasiodiplodia theobromae.

Background: Carboxymethylated Lasiodiplodan (LaEPS-C), Lasiodiplodia theobromae β-glucan exopolysaccharide derivative, has a well-known range of biological activities. Compared to LaEPS-C, its fractions, Linear (LLaEPS-C) and Branched (BLaEPS-C), have biological potentialities scarcely described in the literature. So, in this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory, antiviral, antiproliferative, and anticoagulant activities of LLaEPS-C and BLaEPS-C and compare them to the LaEPS-C.

Co-Occurrence of Germline Genomic Variants and Copy Number Variations in Hereditary Breast and Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease associated with a high risk of developing breast, ovarian, and other malignancies. Lynch syndrome is caused by mutations in mismatch repair genes predisposing to colorectal and endometrial cancers, among others. A rare phenotype overlapping hereditary colorectal and breast cancer syndromes is poorly characterized.

Urgent-Start Peritoneal Dialysis: Brazilian Experience.

Introduction: Unplanned peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important option for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients requiring kidney replacement therapy urgently as it offers the convenience of home-based therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the Brazilian urgent-start PD program in three different dialysis centers where there is shortage of hemodialysis (HD) beds.

Methods: This prospective, multicentric cohort study included incident patients with stage 5 CKD and no permanent vascular access established who started urgent PD between July 2014 and July 2020 in three different hospitals.

New Insights into the Impact of Human Papillomavirus on Oral Cancer in Young Patients: Proteomic Approach Reveals a Novel Role for S100A8.

Unlabelled: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has recently been linked to a subset of cancers affecting the oral cavity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HPV-driven oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) onset and progression are poorly understood.

Methods: We performed MS-based proteomics profiling based on HPV status in OSCC in young patients, following biological characterization and cell assays to explore the proteome functional landscape.

The First Anti-Snakebite and Hepatoprotective Characterization of a Trypsin Kunitz-like Inhibitor (EcTI) from the Plant A Case of Two Soul Mates Meeting.

Snake venom serine protease (SVSP) interferes with the regulation and control of important biological reactions in homeostasis and can be classified as an activator of the fibrinolytic system and platelet aggregation. Our group has recently isolated a new serine protease from total venom (Cdtsp-2). This protein exhibits edematogenic capacity and myotoxic activity.

In Silico Evaluation of Quercetin Methylated Derivatives on the Interaction with Secretory Phospholipases A2 from and .

Quercetin derivatives have already shown their anti-inflammatory potential, inhibiting essential enzymes involved in this process. Among diverse pro-inflammatory toxins from snake venoms, phospholipase A2 is one of the most abundant in some species, such as and from the Viperidae family. These enzymes can induce the inflammatory process through hydrolysis at the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids.

FK506 impairs neutrophil migration that results in increased polymicrobial sepsis susceptibility.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of FK506 on experimental sepsis immunopathology. It investigated the effect of FK506 on leukocyte recruitment to the site of infection, systemic cytokine production, and organ injury in mice with sepsis.

Methods: Using a murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) peritonitis model, the experiments were performed with wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in the gene Nfat1 (Nfat1) in the C57BL/6 background.

Determinants of menstrual cup use among undergraduate medical students: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To identify the determinants of menstrual cup use among medical students in Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with an online survey regularly applied to matriculate women from Medical School in January 2021.

Results: Of 277 women, 164 participated.

Resveratrol and Curcumin for Chagas Disease Treatment-A Systematic Review.

Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected protozoan infection caused by , which affects about 7 million people worldwide. There are two available drugs in therapeutics, however, they lack effectiveness for the chronic stage-characterized mainly by cardiac (i.e.

Proteomic characterization of the fibroin-based silk fibers produced by weaver ant Camponotus textor.

The fibroin-based silk fibers of weaver ants are an alternative biomaterial to be investigated and explored for potential biomedical applications. In this context, the silk fibers from the nest of the weaver ant Camponotus textor was solubilized and fractionated by gel permeation. The different fractions were collected, pooled and submitted to analysis with a series of biochemical methods, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, analytical proteomic strategies, and data treatment with bioinformatic tools to perform the structural characterization of the fibroin-based silk fibers produced by the ant.

Latin American registry of renal involvement in COVID-19 disease. The relevance of assessing proteinuria throughout the clinical course.

The Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension conducted a prospective cohort, multinational registry of Latin American patients with kidney impairment associated to COVID-19 infection with the objective to describe the characteristics of acute kidney disease under these circumstances. The study was carried out through open invitation in order to describe the characteristics of the disease in the region. Eight-hundred and seventy patients from 12 countries were included.

Development of a prediction score for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with acute kidney injury: a machine learning approach.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequently associated with COVID-19 and it is considered an indicator of disease severity. This study aimed to develop a prognostic score for predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients with AKI (AKI-COV score). This was a cross-sectional multicentre prospective cohort study in the Latin America AKI COVID-19 Registry.

The Committed Objectivity of Science and the Importance of Scientific Knowledge in Ethical and Political Education.

Despite advances in discussions about the nature of science, there is still a paucity of discussion on the ontological dimension of science in science education research that makes it difficult to defend its content and teaching. In this article, the reasons for trusting science and science education are analyzed through three arguments. The first is that both the belligerent obscurantism and fake news of the ultra-right and the postmodern relativism of sections of the leftwing are connected to objective movements from the capitalist socioeconomic reality.

Paternal effect does not affect in vitro embryo morphokinetics but modulates molecular profile.

The use of different sires influences in vitro embryo production (IVP) outcome. Paternal effects are observed from the first cleavages until after embryonic genome activation (EGA). Little is known about the mechanisms that promote in vitro fertility differences, even less about the consequences on embryo development.

Permanent occurrence of Raphidiopsis raciborskii and cyanotoxins in a subtropical reservoir polluted by domestic effluents (Itupararanga reservoir, São Paulo, Brazil).

Toxic cyanobacteria blooms are a frequent problem in subtropical reservoirs and freshwater systems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of potentially toxic cyanobacteria and the environmental conditions associated with the presence of cyanotoxins in a Brazilian subtropical reservoir. Five collections were carried out at seven sampling locations in the reservoir, during the rainy and dry seasons, between the years 2016 and 2017.

The Role of Peritoneal Dialysis in the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: A Prospective Brazilian Study.

This study aimed to explore the role of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in acute-on-chronic liver disease (ACLD) in relation to metabolic and fluid control and outcome. Fifty-three patients were treated by PD (prescribed Kt/V = 0.40/session), with a flexible catheter, tidal modality, using a cycler and lactate as a buffer.

Production and assessment of the biodegradation and ecotoxicity of xylan- and starch-based bioplastics.

Developing novel renewable (and preferably biodegradable) materials has become recurrent due to the growing concerns with environmental impacts of high volumes of plastic waste produced from oil-based sources over the past decades. This study aimed at developing bioplastics from a mixture of starch and xylan in variable ratios, and the combined effect of α-cellulose and holocellulose extracted from sugarcane bagasse added to the process. The disintegration of bioplastics was evaluated in both soil and composting.

Pharmacokinetics of Intraperitoneal Vancomycin and Amikacin in Automated Peritoneal Dialysis Patients With Peritonitis.

The study aimed to evaluate the vancomycin and amikacin concentrations in serum and dialysate for automatic peritoneal dialysis (APD) patients A total of 558 serum and dialysate samples of 12 episodes of gram-positive and 18 episodes of gram-negative peritonitis were included to investigate the relationship between vancomycin and amikacin concentrations in serum and dialysate on the first and third days of treatment. Samples were analysed 30, 120 min, and 48 h after intraperitoneal administration of vancomycin in peritonitis caused by gram-positive agents and 30, 120 min, and 24 h after intraperitoneal administration of amikacin in peritonitis caused by gram-negative agents. Vancomycin was administered every 72 h and amikacin once a day.