Benthic diatom community response to the sudden rewetting of a coastal peatland.

The coastline of the shallow southern Baltic Sea is a highly dynamic system of spits, lagoonal systems and subtidal flats. On the land side, coastal peatlands are common. Intact peatlands provide important ecosystem services, however, many peatlands have been severely degraded due to human activities.

detectCilia: An R Package for Automated Detection and Length Measurement of Primary Cilia.

Background And Objective: The primary cilium is a small protrusion found on most mammalian cells. It acts as a cellular antenna, being involved in various cell signaling pathways. The length of the primary cilium affects its function.

Electrical stimulation for cartilage tissue engineering - A critical review from an engineer's perspective.

Cartilage has a limited intrinsic healing capacity. Hence, cartilage degradation and lesions pose a huge clinical challenge, particularly in an ageing society. Osteoarthritis impacts a significant number of the population and requires the development of repair and tissue engineering methods for hyaline articular cartilage.

Therapy adherence after interdisciplinary tumour board discussion is associated with improved outcome in soft tissue sarcoma: A Charité Comprehensive Cancer Centre analysis.

Centralising soft tissue sarcoma (STS) treatment in expert centres and implementing comprehensive therapy concepts through interdisciplinary tumour boards (ITB) has led to significant treatment progress. However, our knowledge on the implementation of the ITB recommendations and its impact on patient outcome is limited. In this retrospective analysis, we examined a cohort of 222 adult patients (pts) with primary STS who were presented to the ITB of the Charité Comprehensive Cancer Centre between 2015 and 2020.

The role of leukocytes in cognitive impairment due to long-term exposure to fine particulate matter: A large population-based mediation analysis.

Introduction: Our understanding of how fine particulate matter (PM) impacts cognitive functioning is limited. Systemic inflammation processes may play a role in mediating this effect.

Methods: This prospective cohort study used data from 66,254 participants aged 18+ between 2006 and 2015 from the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study and Biobank.

Regulatory Role of IL6 in Immune-Related Adverse Events during Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment in Melanoma.

The landscape of clinical management for metastatic melanoma (MM) and other solid tumors has been modernized by the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. While these agents demonstrate efficacy in suppressing tumor growth, they also lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), resulting in the exacerbation of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD). The immune checkpoint inhibitors offer promising advancements in the treatment of melanoma and other cancers, but they also present significant challenges related to irAEs and autoimmune diseases.

Translational Dynamics of Cations and Anions in Ionic Liquids from NMR Field Cycling Relaxometry: Highlighting the Importance of Heteronuclear Contributions.

NMR field cycling relaxometry is a powerful method for determining the rotational and translational dynamics of ions, molecules, and dissolved particles. This is in particular true for ionic liquids (ILs) in which both ions carry NMR sensitive nuclei. In the IL triethylammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([TEA][NTf]), there are H nuclei at the [TEA] cations and F nuclei at the [NTf] anions.

Spatial arrangement of the whiskers of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) compared with whisker arrangements of house mice (Mus musculus) and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus).

Whiskers (vibrissae) are important tactile sensors for most mammals. We introduce a novel approach to quantitatively compare 3D geometry of whisker arrays across species with different whisker numbers and arrangements, focusing on harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), house mice (Mus musculus) and Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus). Whiskers of all three species decrease in arclength and increase in curvature from caudal to rostral.

A meta-analysis of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with cognitive training on working memory in healthy older adults.

Background: Working memory (WM) loss, which can lead to a loss of independence, and declines in the quality of life of older adults, is becoming an increasingly prominent issue affecting the ageing population. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, is emerging as a potential alternative to pharmacological treatments that shows promise for enhancing WM capacity and May enhance the effects of cognitive training (CT) interventions.

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore how different tDCS protocols in combination with CT enhanced WM in healthy older adults.

Bitter peptide prediction using graph neural networks.

Bitter taste is an unpleasant taste modality that affects food consumption. Bitter peptides are generated during enzymatic processes that produce functional, bioactive protein hydrolysates or during the aging process of fermented products such as cheese, soybean protein, and wine. Understanding the underlying peptide sequences responsible for bitter taste can pave the way for more efficient identification of these peptides.

Haplotype-resolved and near-T2T genome assembly of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).

Airbreathing catfish are stenohaline freshwater fish capable of withstanding various environmental conditions and farming practices, including breathing atmospheric oxygen. This unique ability has enabled them to thrive in semi-terrestrial habitats. However, the genomic mechanisms underlying their adaptation to adverse ecological environments remain largely unexplored, primarily due to the limited availability of high-quality genomic resources.

Nucleation, crystal growth, nuclei stability, and polymorph selection in supercooled tolbutamide melt.

Nucleation is an essential step of overall crystallization, yet crystal nuclei are elusive to direct observation due to their small size and transient nature. A method for assessing the nuclei size distribution and growth rate based on selective melting/dissolving was developed recently, making use of the rapid heating/cooling rate available in fast scanning calorimetry. The method was first employed to study the nuclei in the polymer poly-L-lactic acid.

An SPR-Based In Situ Methane Sensor for the Aqueous and Gas Phase.

This paper presents a fast, low-cost, precise methane sensor based on refractive index changes in a cryptophane A (CryptA)-doped polystyrene membrane. For the realization of this sensor, we built a surface plasmon resonance sensor with a refractive index resolution of 4.31 × 10 and investigated the optimal membrane thickness, i.

Celebrating 25 Years of Optical Biometry: A Milestone in Ophthalmology.

Optical biometry has fundamentally transformed cataract surgery, and 2024 marked 25 years since the introduction of the first optical biometer. In the early 1980 s, Fercher and colleagues pioneered the optical noncontact eye length measurement, leading to the first interferometric A-scan of the eye. This innovation, patented and later developed by Zeiss, culminated in the release of the IOLMaster in 1999, enabling more accurate and reproducible eye diagnostics.