Which Method of Transportation Is Associated With Better Outcomes for Patients With Firearm Injuries to the Head and Neck?

Background: In firearm injuries (FI), rapid transportation is important for survival. Information regarding different methods of transportation for head and neck FI is limited.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to measure the association between method of transportation and the need for tracheostomy and/or intensive care unit (ICU).

Endogenous pathology in tauopathy mice progresses via brain networks.

Neurodegenerative tauopathies are hypothesized to propagate via brain networks. This is uncertain because we have lacked precise network resolution of pathology. We therefore developed whole-brain staining methods with anti-p-tau nanobodies and imaged in 3D PS19 tauopathy mice, which have pan-neuronal expression of full-length human tau containing the P301S mutation.

7T MRI Versus 3T MRI of the Brain in Professional Fighters and Patients With Head Trauma.

Many studies have investigated the imaging sequelae of repetitive head trauma with mixed results, particularly with regard to the detection of intracranial white matter changes (WMCs) and cerebral microhemorrhages (CMHs) on ≤3 Tesla (T) field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 7T MRI, which has recently been approved for clinical use, is more sensitive at detecting lesions associated with multiple neurological diagnoses. In this study, we sought to determine whether 7T MRI would detect more WMCs and CMHs than 3T MRI in 19 professional fighters, 16 patients with single TBI, versus 82 normal healthy controls (NHCs).

Spatial transcriptomics stratifies psoriatic disease severity by emergent cellular ecosystems.

Whereas the cellular and molecular features of human inflammatory skin diseases are well characterized, their tissue context and systemic impact remain poorly understood. We thus profiled human psoriasis (PsO) as a prototypic immune-mediated condition with a high predilection for extracutaneous involvement. Spatial transcriptomics (ST) analyses of 25 healthy, active lesion, and clinically uninvolved skin biopsies and integration with public single-cell transcriptomics data revealed marked differences in immune microniches between healthy and inflamed skin.

Analysis of veterans crisis line data: Temporal factors associated with the initiation of emergency dispatches.

Purpose: To identify temporal patterns of emergency dispatches as initiated by Veteran Crisis Line (VCL) responders and among moderate- and high-risk contacts.

Methods: Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were used to examine the incidence of emergency dispatches among all 1,437,543 VCL contacts across 2019-2020.

Results: Emergency dispatches were initiated in 57,077 (4.

Long-term high-fat diet increases glymphatic activity in the hypothalamus in mice.

Obesity affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. The glymphatic system is a brain-wide metabolic waste clearance system, dysfunction of which is linked to dementia. We herein examined glymphatic transport in mice with long-term obesity induced by a high-fat diet for 10 months.

Updated variant curation expert panel criteria and pathogenicity classifications for 251 variants for RYR1-related malignant hyperthermia susceptibility.

The ClinGen malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS) variant curation expert panel specified the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association of Molecular Pathologists (ACMG/AMP) criteria for RYR1-related MHS and a pilot analysis of 84 variants was published. We have now classified an additional 251 variants for RYR1-related MHS according to current ClinGen standards and updated the criteria where necessary. Criterion PS4 was modified such that individuals with multiple RYR1 variants classified as pathogenic (P), likely pathogenic (LP), or variant of uncertain significance (VUS) were not considered as providing evidence for pathogenicity.

Adaptation and Changes in Actin Dynamics and Cell Motility as Early Responses of Cultured Mammalian Cells to Altered Gravitational Vector.

Cultured mammalian cells have been shown to respond to microgravity (μG), but the molecular mechanism is still unknown. The study we report here is focused on molecular and cellular events that occur within a short period of time, which may be related to gravity sensing by cells. Our assumption is that the gravity-sensing mechanism is activated as soon as cells are exposed to any new gravitational environment.

Physiological Mechanisms and Significance of Intracranial B Waves.

Objective: Recently published studies have described slow spontaneous cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oscillations measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as potential drivers of brain glymphatic flow, with a similar frequency as intracranial B-waves. Aiming to establish the relationship between these waveforms, we performed additional analysis of frequency and waveform parameters, of our previously published transcranial Doppler (TCD) and intracranial pressure (ICP) recordings of intracranial B waves, to compare to published MRI frequency measurements of CBF and CSF slow oscillations.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed digital recordings of B waves in 29 patients with head injury, including middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow velocity (FV), ICP, end tidal CO, and arterial blood pressure (ABP).

Timing of Meals and Exercise Affects Hormonal Control of Glucoregulation, Insulin Resistance, Substrate Metabolism, and Gastrointestinal Hormones, but Has Little Effect on Appetite in Postmenopausal Women.

The current prevalence of obesity in the US is strongly associated with excessive food intake and insufficient physical activity. This study examined whether changing the timing of exercise before or after two daily meals could alter human appetite for food. Fifty-four healthy postmenopausal women were matched by body weight and assigned to two groups: (1) two bouts of 2-h moderate-intensity exercise ending one hour before each weight-maintenance meal (XM, = 23), (2) two-hour moderate-intensity exercise starting 1 h after each weight-maintenance meal (MX, = 23), and one sedentary control (SED) arm ( = 8).

Motivations and Barriers Toward Implementation of a Rectal Cancer Synoptic Operative Report: A Process Evaluation.

Background: The use of synoptic reporting has been shown to improve documentation of critical information and provide added value related to data access and extraction, data reliability, relevant detail, and completeness of information. Surgeon acceptance and adoption of synoptic reports has lagged behind other specialties.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the process of implementing a synoptic operative report.

Comprehensive Structure-Activity Profiling of Micheliolide and its Targeted Proteome in Leukemia Cells via Probe-Guided Late-Stage C-H Functionalization.

The plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone micheliolide was recently found to possess promising antileukemic activity, including the ability to target and kill leukemia stem cells. Efforts toward improving the biological activity of micheliolide and investigating its mechanism of action have been hindered by the paucity of preexisting functional groups amenable for late-stage derivatization of this molecule. Here, we report the implementation of a probe-based P450 fingerprinting strategy to rapidly evolve engineered P450 catalysts useful for the regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of micheliolide at two previously inaccessible aliphatic positions in this complex natural product.

Consensus terminology for preclinical phases of psoriatic arthritis for use in research studies: results from a Delphi consensus study.

The concept of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) prevention is gaining increased interest owing to the physical limitation, poor quality of life and low remission rates that are achieved with current therapies for PsA. The psoriasis-to-PsA transition offers a unique opportunity to identify individuals at increased risk of developing PsA and to implement preventive strategies. However, identifying individuals at increased risk of developing PsA is challenging as there is no consensus on how this population should be defined.

Endocrine-Disrupting Air Pollutants and Their Effects on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis.

Anthropogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can contaminate air, soil, and water. Human exposures to EDCs occur through inhalation, absorption, and ingestion. EDCs act by disrupting various pathways in the endocrine system.

Further application of the generalized matching law to multialternative sports contexts.

Cox et al. (2017) successfully applied the multialternative version of the generalized matching law (GML) to pitch selection among a sample of Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers. The purpose of the present study was to replicate and extend these findings by fitting the multialternative GML to pitch data among a sample of MLB pitchers with varying levels of success in the major leagues.

Tangential flow microfluidics for the capture and release of nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles on conventional and ultrathin membranes.

Membranes have been used extensively for the purification and separation of biological species. A persistent challenge is the purification of species from concentrated feed solutions such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) from biological fluids. We investigated a new method to isolate micro- and nano-scale species termed tangential flow for analyte capture (TFAC), which is an extension of traditional tangential flow filtration (TFF).

Brief Report: A Job-Based Social Skills Program (JOBSS) for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have low employment rates; even those who are employed have low wages and limited hours. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Job-Based Social Skills (JOBSS) curriculum, a manualized, 15-week, group-delivered intervention for adults with ASD. The intervention aimed to increase social-pragmatic skills necessary to obtain and maintain employment.

An ocular glymphatic clearance system removes β-amyloid from the rodent eye.

Despite high metabolic activity, the retina and optic nerve head lack traditional lymphatic drainage. We here identified an ocular glymphatic clearance route for fluid and wastes via the proximal optic nerve in rodents. β-amyloid (Aβ) was cleared from the retina and vitreous via a pathway dependent on glial water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and driven by the ocular-cranial pressure difference.

Figure-of-Merit Characterization of Hydrogen-Bond Acidic Sorbents for Waveguide-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

The optical properties of several hydrogen-bond acidic sorbent materials are evaluated in situ to assess their suitability for waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) of vapor-phase organophosphonates. A number of characteristics critical to WERS are evaluated for each sorbent: infrared absorption, Raman spectral background, and the limit of detection for a test hydrogen-bond-basic analyte (dimethyl methylphosphonate, DMMP). We describe the chemical properties of the sorbents that differentiate their optical properties for sensing.