220 results match your criteria: "University of Rochester Medical School[Affiliation]"

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of area deprivation index (ADI) on treatment timelines of patients with cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS). We hypothesize that increased social deprivation will correlate with increased time between care milestones from presentation to surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with CuTS who underwent surgical intervention at a single academic institution.

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Heart failure (HF) is associated with progressive reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neurodegenerative changes leading to cognitive decline. The glymphatic system is crucial for the brain's waste removal, and its dysfunction is linked to neurodegeneration. In this study, we used a mouse model of HF, induced by myocardial infarction (MI), to investigate the effects of HF with reduced ejection fraction on the brain's glymphatic function.

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Implementing INTERACT in Veterans Health Administration Community Living Centers: A pragmatic randomized trial.

J Am Geriatr Soc

December 2024

Professor of Geriatric Medicine, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.

Background: Hospital transfers from VA Community Living Centers (CLCs) are common. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of introducing the Intervention to Reduce Acute Care Transfers (INTERACT) program into VA CLCs.

Methods: Cluster randomized trial involving 16 pair-matched VA CLCs.

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Sleep deprivation leads to non-adaptive alterations in sleep microarchitecture and amyloid-β accumulation in a murine Alzheimer model.

Cell Rep

November 2024

Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Elmwood Avenue 601, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Impaired sleep is common with aging and is linked to the onset of Alzheimer's disease; researchers studied the effects of sleep deprivation on both healthy mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer's.
  • After sleep deprivation, both groups showed increased EEG slow-wave activity, but only healthy mice exhibited enhanced norepinephrine oscillations typical of good sleep.
  • The Alzheimer’s model mice didn't show this enhancement 24 hours post-deprivation, along with a buildup of amyloid-β protein, suggesting that their disrupted sleep patterns may increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's.
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Is axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) one disease or does it comprise multiple types? If the latter, how do we define those types-through clinical or imaging features, HLA-B27 status, or by other immunologic features? Data comparing disease outcomes for individuals with nonradiographic vs radiographic axSpA, or for male vs female patients, demonstrate distinctions. So then, how should we define endotypes? Endotypes are known as the subtype of a health condition defined by a functional or pathophysiologic function. Here, we review the endotypes used for defining rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and psoriatic arthritis.

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The Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Clinics Multicenter Advancement Network (PPACMAN) is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to optimize the clinical care of patients with psoriatic disease through multidisciplinary collaboration models. The PPACMAN 2021 Annual Meeting was held virtually on December 11, 2021. In all, 50 stakeholders participated in the meeting including dermatologists, rheumatologists, cardiologists, clinical researchers, patient advocacy representatives, and industry representatives.

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Study Design: This was an observational study.

Objective: This study aims to explore sociodemographic and regional geographic variations in lower back pain (LBP) incidence, prevalence, and burden in the United States (US from 2000 to 2019).

Summary Of Background Data: LBP is a major contributor to lost wages and disability in the United States.

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Article Synopsis
  • Rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis patients often have compromised immune systems, which can be worsened by immunosuppressive treatments, potentially leading to secondary immunodeficiency (SID).
  • A study involving 42 patients on immunosuppressive medications evaluated their immune parameters and vaccination responses to distinguish SID.
  • The results showed a significant percentage of patients had low immunoglobulin levels and exhibited suboptimal responses to vaccinations, particularly to pneumococcal vaccines, indicating that SID may indeed be clinically detectable in these patients.
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Safety and Efficacy of Bimekizumab in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: 2-Year Results from Two Phase 3 Studies.

Rheumatol Ther

October 2024

Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Diseases, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Oxford and Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.

Article Synopsis
  • Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic condition requiring ongoing treatment, and the monoclonal antibody bimekizumab specifically targets interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-17F, showing promising results over a two-year period.
  • Two clinical trials, BE OPTIMAL and BE COMPLETE, evaluated the safety and efficacy of bimekizumab in patients both new to biologic treatments and those with prior treatment failures.
  • Results revealed that bimekizumab was well tolerated, with no new safety concerns, and patients maintained significant improvements in PsA symptoms throughout the two years of treatment.
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Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy for in vivo imaging.

Cell

August 2024

Department of Neuroscience, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address:

Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MPFM) has been a game-changer for optical imaging, particularly for studying biological tissues deep within living organisms. MPFM overcomes the strong scattering of light in heterogeneous tissue by utilizing nonlinear excitation that confines fluorescence emission mostly to the microscope focal volume. This enables high-resolution imaging deep within intact tissue and has opened new avenues for structural and functional studies.

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Air pollution (AP) exposures have been associated with numerous neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, all male-biased disorders with onsets from early life to late adolescence/early adulthood. While prior experimental studies have focused on effects of AP exposures during early brain development, brain development actually extends well into early adulthood. The current study in mice sought to extend the understanding of developmental brain vulnerability during adolescence, a later but significant period of brain development and maturation to the ultrafine particulate (UFPs) component of AP, considered its most reactive component.

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Interleukin (IL)-23, an IL-12 cytokine family member, is a hierarchically dominant regulatory cytokine in a cluster of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), including psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. We review IL-23 biology, IL-23 signaling in IMIDs, and the effect of IL-23 inhibition in treating these diseases. We propose studies to advance IL-23 biology and unravel differences in response to anti-IL-23 therapy.

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Transient but not chronic hyperglycemia accelerates ocular glymphatic transport.

Fluids Barriers CNS

March 2024

Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.

Glymphatic transport is vital for the physiological homeostasis of the retina and optic nerve. Pathological alterations of ocular glymphatic fluid transport and enlarged perivascular spaces have been described in glaucomatous mice. It remains to be established how diabetic retinopathy, which impairs vision in about 50% of diabetes patients, impacts ocular glymphatic fluid transport.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of bimekizumab over 52 weeks for patients with active psoriatic arthritis who had not responded well to previous treatments.
  • In the trial, 347 out of 400 patients completed the study, showing a low incidence of severe adverse events, though some mild to moderate cases, like COVID-19 and oral candidiasis, were reported.
  • Bimekizumab demonstrated significant improvements in patient outcomes, with over half of those on the treatment experiencing at least a 50% improvement in symptoms and many achieving complete skin clearance by week 52.
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Reasons for contacting a crisis line and the initiation of emergency dispatches.

Prev Med

April 2024

Department of Veteran Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Objective: To better understand processes of mental health crisis line utilization by examining associations between reasons for contacting a crisis line with the initiation of emergency dispatches (i.e., activation of 911 or local emergency services) in a national sample.

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Glymphatic system dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.

Curr Opin Neurol

April 2024

Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark.

Purpose Of Review: Purpose of this review is to update the ongoing work in the field of glymphatic and neurodegenerative research and to highlight focus areas that are particularly promising.

Recent Findings: Multiple reports have over the past decade documented that glymphatic fluid transport is broadly suppressed in neurodegenerative diseases. Most studies have focused on Alzheimer's disease using a variety of preclinical disease models, whereas the clinical work is based on various neuroimaging approaches.

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IL-23 induces CLEC5A IL-17A neutrophils and elicit skin inflammation associated with psoriatic arthritis.

J Autoimmun

February 2024

Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, USA. Electronic address:

IL-23-activation of IL-17 producing T cells is involved in many rheumatic diseases. Herein, we investigate the role of IL-23 in the activation of myeloid cell subsets that contribute to skin inflammation in mice and man. IL-23 gene transfer in WT, IL-23R reporter mice and subsequent analysis with spectral cytometry show that IL-23 regulates early innate immune events by inducing the expansion of a myeloid MDL1CD11bLy6G population that dictates epidermal hyperplasia, acanthosis, and parakeratosis; hallmark pathologic features of psoriasis.

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The glymphatic system and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Prog Neurobiol

March 2024

Neurosceince Research Australia, Australia.

The glymphatic system and the meningeal lymphatic vessels provide a pathway for transport of solutes and clearance of toxic material from the brain. Of specific relevance to ALS, this is applicable for TDP-43 and glutamate, both major elements in disease pathogenesis. Flow is propelled by arterial pulsation, respiration, posture, as well as the positioning and proportion of aquaporin-4 channels (AQP4).

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This article provides an overview of the findings obtained from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART) spanning a period of 15 years. The review covers various aspects, including the trial's rationale, study design, and initial intent-to-treat analyses, as well as an explanation of why those analyses did not achieve statistical significance. Additionally, the article delves into the post hoc results obtained from stratified intent-to-treat analyses based on maternal vitamin D baseline levels and genotype-stratified analyses.

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Age- and glaucoma-induced changes to the ocular glymphatic system.

Neurobiol Dis

November 2023

Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark; Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Elmwood Avenue 601, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Electronic address:

The ocular glymphatic system supports bidirectional fluid transport along the optic nerve, thereby removes metabolic wastes including amyloid-β. To better understand this biological process, we examined the distributions of intravitreally and intracisternally infused tracers in full-length optic nerves from different age groups of mice. Aging was linked to globally impaired ocular glymphatic fluid transport, similar to what has seen previously in the brain.

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Article Synopsis
  • Bimekizumab (BKZ) is an IgG1 antibody targeting IL-17F and IL-17A, showing greater effectiveness than placebo in treating active psoriatic arthritis over 52 weeks.
  • The study involved a 16-week double-blind placebo-controlled phase, followed by 36 weeks of treatment where patients were either on BKZ, switched from placebo, or received adalimumab (ADA).
  • Results indicated sustained efficacy in ACR and PASI response rates up to Week 52, with BKZ showing good tolerance and no significant safety concerns, despite reporting treatment-emergent adverse events.
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