Just the Tip of the Iceberg: a Brief Report of the Tip-of-the-Tongue Score as an Embedded Validity Indicator for the Children's Auditory and Visual Naming Tests.

Objective: Explore the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) scores from the Children's Auditory and Visual Naming Tests (cANT, cVNT) as embedded validity indicators (EVIs).

Method: A retrospective design of 98 consecutively referred youth aged 6-15 years (M = 11.28, SD = 2.

Epidermal spongiotic Langerhans cell collections, but not eosinophils, are a clue to the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis: A series of 170 clinically- and patch test-confirmed cases.

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis cannot be reliably differentiated from other forms of spongiotic/eczematous dermatitis by histology alone. Textbooks and recent studies have variably supported the specificity of dermal eosinophils, eosinophilic spongiosis, and Langerhans cell collections, among other features.

Objective: To assess which histopathologic features favor a diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis.

Source-dependent absorption Ångström exponent in the Los Angeles Basin: Multi-time resolution factor analyses of ambient PM and aerosol optical absorption.

Advanced receptor models can leverage the information derived from optical and chemical variables as input by a variety of instruments at different time resolutions to extract the source specific absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) from aerosol absorption. The multilinear engine (ME-2), a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) solver, serves as a proficient tool for performing such analyses, thereby overcoming the constraints imposed by the assumptions in current optical source apportionment methods such as the Aethalometer approach since the use of a-priori AAE values introduces additional uncertainty into the results of optical methods. Comprehensive PM chemical speciation datasets, and aerosol absorption coefficients (b, λ) at seven wavelengths measured by an Aethalometer (AE33), were used in multi-time source apportionment (MT-PMF).

Advances in deep learning for personalized ECG diagnostics: A systematic review addressing inter-patient variability and generalization constraints.

The Electrocardiogram (ECG) remains a fundamental tool in cardiac diagnostics, yet its interpretation has traditionally relied on cardiologists' expertise. Deep learning has revolutionized medical data analysis, especially within ECG diagnostics. However, the challenge of inter-patient variability limits the generalizability of ECG-AI models trained on population datasets, often reducing accuracy for specific patients or groups.

A high-performance core laboratory GFAP/UCH-L1 test for the prediction of intracranial injury after mild traumatic brain injury.

Background: A glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) blood biomarker panel can reliably eliminate the need to perform a head computed tomography (CT) scan in selected patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently, this FDA cleared panel can be run both on a core laboratory platform or a hand-held single-sample point of care platform. This study examined test characteristics of the panel as analyzed on a core lab-based fast high-throughput platform.

The epidemiology and clinical presentation of seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in a US population.

Objective: To define the epidemiology and clinical presentation of seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in a large US health system.

Methods: We completed a retrospective observational study of adult patients in the University of Colorado Health System from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020, using Health Data Compass (HDC), a data warehouse that combines electronic health information with claims and public health data in Colorado. We screened HDC for patients with either (1) an abnormal aquaporin-4 IgG test or (2) any G36 ICD-10 code.

A New Perspective on Drugs for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Proposals for Better Respiratory Outcomes and Improved Regulatory Pathways.

New drugs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are emerging rapidly. However, we and others believe these drugs are achieving regulatory approval prematurely. It is the cardiorespiratory complications of DMD that cause the disease's major morbidities and that determine survival.

Impact of Social Deprivation on Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Treatment Timeline.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of area deprivation index (ADI) on treatment timelines of patients with cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS). We hypothesize that increased social deprivation will correlate with increased time between care milestones from presentation to surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with CuTS who underwent surgical intervention at a single academic institution.

A whole food, plant-based diet reduces amino acid levels in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Amino acids are critical to tumor survival. Tumors can acquire amino acids from the surrounding microenvironment, including the serum. Limiting dietary amino acids is suggested to influence their serum levels.

Consensus Radiation Treatment Planning Guidelines Utilizing (68)Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT for Resected Meningiomas.

Background: Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumor. Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR 2) is almost universally expressed in meningioma tissue. For patients who require adjuvant radiation, SSTR based (68)Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can detect additional or residual disease not discernible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Pediatric to Adult Care Transition in the Hospital Context (PATCH) Tool: A Novel Tool to Assess Pediatric Institutional Guidelines for Inpatient Care of Adults.

Objective: The growing number of adults with childhood onset chronic conditions (COCC) is reflected in the increase of adult-aged admissions to pediatric institutions. Despite national bodies advising pediatric institutions to have a pediatric to adult healthcare transition (HCT) policy, little guidance is available on if or how to include inpatient care. We sought to create a framework-based Pediatric to Adult Transitional Care in the Hospital Context (PATCH) tool to assess how inpatient care of adults is addressed in pediatric institutional guidelines or policies (hereafter guidelines) as a first step towards informing future PATCH guideline development.

Mass-forming isolated ischemic necrosis of the cecum mimicking malignancy: Clinicopathologic features of 11 cases.

Isolated ischemic necrosis of the cecum (INC) is an uncommon benign condition that occurs most often in elderly patients. The clinical presentation and radiographic findings often mimic acute appendicitis or malignancy. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features of mass-forming INC.

Essential Considerations for Free Energy Calculations of RNA-Small Molecule Complexes: Lessons from the Theophylline-Binding RNA Aptamer.

Alchemical free energy calculations are widely used to predict the binding affinity of small molecule ligands to protein targets; however, the application of these methods to RNA targets has not been deeply explored. We systematically investigated how modeling decisions affect the performance of absolute binding free energy calculations for a relatively simple RNA model system: theophylline-binding RNA aptamer with theophylline and five analogs. The goal of this investigation was 2-fold: (1) understanding the performance levels we can expect from absolute free energy calculations for a simple RNA complex and (2) learning about practical modeling considerations that impact the success of RNA-binding predictions, which may be different from the best practices established for protein targets.

Who feels safe calling 911: are prior experiences of anti-Black racial discrimination associated with hesitancy seeking emergency medical services in the event of accidental drug overdose? - a study protocol.

Background: Racial discrimination is associated with health disparities among Black Americans, a group that has experienced an increase in rates of fatal drug overdose. Prior research has found that racial discrimination in the medical setting may be a barrier to addiction treatment. Nevertheless, it is unknown how experiences of racial discrimination might impact engagement with emergency medical services for accidental drug overdose.

Pain can't be carved at the joints: defining function-based pain profiles and their relevance to chronic disease management in healthcare delivery design.

Background: Pain is a complex problem that is triaged, diagnosed, treated, and billed based on which body part is painful, almost without exception. While the "body part framework" guides the organization and treatment of individual patients' pain conditions, it remains unclear how to best conceptualize, study, and treat pain conditions at the population level. Here, we investigate (1) how the body part framework agrees with population-level, biologically derived pain profiles; (2) how do data-derived pain profiles interface with other symptom domains from a whole-body perspective; and (3) whether biologically derived pain profiles capture clinically salient differences in medical history.

STABLE trial of spectacle provision and driving safety among myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam: study protocol for a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised trial.

Background: Traffic crashes are the leading cause of death globally for people aged 5-29 years, with 90% of mortality occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The STABLE (Slashing Two-wheeled Accidents by Leveraging Eyecare) trial was designed to determine whether providing spectacles could reduce risk among young myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam.

Methods: This investigator-masked, stepped-wedge, cluster randomised naturalistic driving trial will recruit 625 students aged 18-23 years, driving ≥ 50 km/week, with ≥ 1-year driving experience and using motorcycles as their primary means of transport, in 25 clusters of 25 students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals, Climate, and Air Pollution on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Scoping Review.

Environmental pollutants, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), air pollution, and climate change, are increasingly recognized for their potential impact on pregnancy outcomes. EDCs, found in pesticides, industrial chemicals, and personal care products, are associated with preterm birth and fetal growth restriction, primarily through hormonal interference. Air pollution, notably PM, NO, and O, has been linked to increased rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth.

Measuring fidelity of brief cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia: Development, reliability and validity.

Purpose: Measuring fidelity is critical in program evaluations to assess how implementation influences outcomes. Implementer fidelity is comprised of adherence to the treatment content and competence of treatment delivery. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is well-established and empirically supported with variants such as brief CBTi (bCBTi) showing promise in reducing both insomnia and depression.

Prenatal exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements in relation to chorionic plate surface vasculature at delivery.

Pregnant people are ubiquitously exposed to endocrine-disrupting phthalates through consumer products and food. The placenta may be particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of phthalates, with evidence from animal models suggesting impacts on placental development and vascularization. We translate this research to humans, examining gestational exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements in relation to novel markers of chorionic plate surface vascularization.