Outcomes of Oberlin Transfer in Elderly Patients: A Case Series.

Objective: A case series analysis was performed of upper brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) from low-impact trauma in patients ≥60 years old to assess the effectiveness of nerve transfers, particularly the Oberlin technique, in restoring elbow flexion and to refine clinical decision making for managing traumatic BPIs in this age group.

Methods: Between 2013 and 2024, 11 patients aged 60-72 with traumatic upper BPIs underwent Oberlin technique for elbow flexion; all were evaluated with consistent postsurgical criteria.

Results: Trauma mechanisms included falls (55%), direct trauma (27%), knife wounds (9%), and stretching (9%), with no high-impact trauma cases.

Heterocyclic phytometabolites formononetin and arbutin prevent oxidative and alkylation-induced mutagenicity.

Phenolic phytometabolites are promising bioactive compounds for management of genomic instability related diseases. Formononetin (FMN) and arbutin (ARB) are found in several plant sources. Our goal was to investigate the safety and efficacy of FMN and ARB using both standardized and alternative toxicogenetic methods.

Divergent temporal responses of native macroinvertebrate communities to biological invasions.

Biological invasions pose a major threat to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and human well-being. Non-native species can have severe ecological impacts that are transformative, affecting ecosystems across both short-term and long-term timescales. However, few studies have determined the temporal dynamics of impact between these scales, impeding future predictions as invasion rates continue to rise.

cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment of methanolic extracts of vanillas from Brazilian biodiversity with commercial potential.

The genus is crucial for global production in food, perfume, and pharmaceutical industries. However, exploitation threatens some species, leading to extinction. Traditional communities use vanilla for medicinal purposes, and there are species like Klotzsch and Hoehne with potential to occupy the market.

Effect of calcination on minimally processed recycled zirconia powder derived from milling waste.

Objective: To assess the influence of calcination process on the properties of minimally processed recycled 3Y-TZP, and to compare it with its commercial counterpart.

Methods: Non-milled 3Y-TZP waste was collected, fragmented and ball-milled to a granulometric < 5 µm. Half of the recycled powder was calcined at 900 °C.

Brachial plexus peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs): clinical and surgical management in the pediatric population.

Purpose: Peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are rare in pediatric patients, especially in the brachial plexus. Research on PNSTs is lacking. This article presents a retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients diagnosed and treated with PNSTs, specifically brachial plexus tumors.

Effects of high-intensity interval and continuous moderate aerobic training on fitness and health markers of older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) promotes similar or superior gains in physical fitness and health compared to continuous moderate-intensity training (MICT) in young individuals. However, the effectiveness of HIIT in older adults is uncertain.

Objective: This meta-analysis compared the effects of HIIT and MICT on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, vascular, metabolic, and hormonal variables, cognitive function, and quality of life in older adults.

Cyanopeptides occurrence and diversity in a Brazilian tropical reservoir: Exploring relationships with water quality.

Microcystins (MCs) are a class of toxic secondary metabolites produced by some cyanobacteria strains that endanger aquatic and terrestrial organisms in various freshwater systems. Although patterns in MC occurrence are being recognized, divergences in the global data still hamper our ability to predict the toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms. This study aimed (i) to determine the dynamics of MCs and other cyanopeptides in a tropical reservoir, (ii) to investigate the correlation between peptides and potential cyanotoxin producers (iii) identifying the possible abiotic factors that influence the peptides.

Effect of an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life of patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy: results from the PEACH randomized clinical trial.

To investigate the effect of an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program on the quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC). PEACH study was a single-center, superiority randomized clinical trial of exercise training versus no exercise (control). The sample comprised Chagas disease patients with CCC, left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%, without or with HF symptoms (CCC stages B2 or C, respectively).

Application of 4 birthweight curves and local reference range at a University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: Numerous fetal growth curves have been developed from various subpopulations and geographic locations worldwide.

Objective: To determine the birthweight standard at the Maternity School and compare it to currently used standards in the clinical practice services.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study.

Confirming the attainment of maximal oxygen uptake within special and clinical groups: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiopulmonary exercise test and verification phase protocols.

Background And Aim: A plateau in oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) during an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) to volitional exhaustion appears less likely to occur in special and clinical populations. Secondary maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) criteria have been shown to commonly underestimate the actual [Formula: see text]. The verification phase protocol might determine the occurrence of 'true' [Formula: see text] in these populations.

Central and peripheral mechanisms underlying postexercise hypotension: a scoping review.

Blood pressure (BP) reduction occurs after a single bout of exercise, referred to as postexercise hypotension (PEH). The clinical importance of PEH has been advocated owing to its potential contribution to chronic BP lowering, and as a predictor of responders to exercise training as an antihypertensive therapy. However, the mechanisms underlying PEH have not been well defined.

Effects of Isocaloric Resistance, Aerobic, and Concurrent Exercise on Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption in Older Adults.

Pilon, R, Matos-Santos, L, Matlez, MP, Rodrigues, G, Amorim, F, Lattari, E, Farinatti, P, and Monteiro, W. Effects of isocaloric resistance, aerobic, and concurrent exercise on excess postexercise oxygen consumption in older adults. J Strength Cond Res 38(4): 755-761, 2024-Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is a major determinant of exercise-related caloric expenditure and metabolic adaptations.

Effects of exercise training on bone health in adults living with HIV: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

We investigated the effects of exercise training on bone mineral density (BMD) in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for trials investigating exercise training-induced changes in BMD of PLHIV at baseline . post-intervention assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Investigation of occupational risk factors for the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in adults: A hospital-based case-control study.

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) is a malignancy of the lymphoid lineage of the hematopoietic system has worldwide, especially in developed countries. Better diagnostic and recording techniques, longer life expectancy, and greater exposure to risk factors are hypotheses for this growing incidence curve. Occupational exposures to chemical, biological, and physical agents have also been associated with NHL development, but the results are still controversial.

Minimally processed recycled yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia for dental applications: Effect of sintering temperature on glass infiltration.

This study aimed to develop a recycling process for the remnants of milled 3Y-TZP and enhance their properties using glass infiltration. 3Y-TZP powder was gathered from the vacuum system of CAD-CAM milling equipment, calcined and sieved (x < 75 μm). One hundred twenty discs were fabricated and pre-sintered at 1000 °C/h.

Marketable 1,3-dimethylamylamine and caffeine-based thermogenic supplements: Regulatory genotoxicity assessment through and approaches.

The consumption of dietary supplements to enhance physical performance has increased significantly in the last century, especially thermogenic pre-workout supplements. Nevertheless, this industry has faced criticism for inadequate safety measures surveillance in regulatory issues regarding their products. The aims of our study were to investigate two pre-workout supplements with respect to (1) mutagenicity utilizing /microsome assay; (2) genotoxicity employing cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay protocols; and (3) hepatocytoxicity using WST cell proliferation, activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase using human liver carcinoma (HepG2) and mouse fibroblast (F C3H) cells.

Biopsychosocial Effects of a Conventional Exercise Program and Culturally Relevant Activities in Older Women From Mozambique.

Aim: This randomized controlled trial compared the effects of a Conventional Exercise Program (CEP) and Culturally Relevant Activities (CRA) on body mass, cardiovascular risk, functional fitness (strength, flexibility, cardiorespiratory fitness, and agility), self-efficacy, and self-esteem in older women dwelling in Mozambique.

Methods: Fifty-seven women (67 [7] y) underwent 60-minute sessions of CEP (n = 28) or CRA (n = 29) performed 3 days per week for 12 weeks. CRA included Mozambican traditional dances and games (intensity corresponding to scores 3-4 of BORG-CR10 scale), and CEP included 20-minute stationary cycling (65%-75% heart rate reserve) and a resistance training circuit (8 exercises, 15-repetition maximum).

Recent advances in availability and synthesis of the economic costs of biological invasions.

Biological invasions are a global challenge that has received insufficient attention. Recently available cost syntheses have provided policy- and decision makers with reliable and up-to-date information on the economic impacts of biological invasions, aiming to motivate effective management. The resultant database is now publicly and freely accessible and enables rapid extraction of monetary cost information.

Body Mass Index but not Physical Activity Level Moderates Lowered Cardiac Baroreflex Sensitivity in People Living with HIV.

Reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS) is an autonomic marker associated with a worse cardiovascular prognosis. Whether cBRS is lowered in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is yet unclear, as well as potential moderator effects of body mass index (BMI) or physical activity (PA) level. The present study aims to compare the spontaneous cBRS in PLHIV .

Cyanotoxins, biosynthetic gene clusters, and factors modulating cyanotoxin biosynthesis.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) are a global environmental concern that encompasses public health issues, water availability, and water quality owing to the production of various secondary metabolites (SMs), including cyanotoxins in freshwater, brackish water, and marine ecosystems. The frequency, extent, magnitude, and duration of CHABs are increasing globally. Cyanobacterial species traits and changing environmental conditions, including anthropogenic pressure, eutrophication, and global climate change, together allow cyanobacteria to thrive.

Unveiling the hidden economic toll of biological invasions in the European Union.

Background: Biological invasions threaten the functioning of ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being by degrading ecosystem services and eliciting massive economic costs. The European Union has historically been a hub for cultural development and global trade, and thus, has extensive opportunities for the introduction and spread of alien species. While reported costs of biological invasions to some member states have been recently assessed, ongoing knowledge gaps in taxonomic and spatio-temporal data suggest that these costs were considerably underestimated.