Low-level primary clarithromycin resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Reunion Island.

Introduction: The increasing resistance of Helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin leads to an ongoing adaptation of empirical first-line treatment for H. pylori infections.

Patients And Methods: Prospective study (2022-2023) of 364 patients with no previous treatment for H.

Severe community-acquired pneumonia compared to severe community-acquired Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia in Reunion Island: A retrospective study.

Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) has emerged in the last decades as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in tropical and subtropical regions. We previously conducted the first investigation on this topic in France with a case series of severe CAP-Ab in Reunion Island over an eight-year period. In the present work, we aim to highlight the specific aspects of CAP-Ab by comparing our case series with an historical cohort (PAC_RUN), obtained by retrospective chart review (2016-2021) of severe community-acquired pneumonia cases on Reunion Island, in which CAP-Ab was ruled out.

Parents' experiences of their children's obesity management at the children's hospital on Reunion Island.

Aim: Parents' perspectives on their child's obesity (BMI >IOTF-30) management are essential to ensure positive outcomes. This study explored parents' experiences in managing their children's obesity and investigated the sociocultural and environmental factors influencing such management on Reunion Island, a French overseas department in the Indian Ocean.

Methods: This qualitative study used a general inductive analysis approach.

Multi-Scale Study of a Phase Change Material on a Tropical Island for Evaluating Its Impact on Human Comfort in the Building Sector.

Our study explores the utilization of a phase change material (PCM) to optimize energy efficiency and thermal comfort in buildings in tropical climates. Employing a comprehensive multi-scale approach, this research encompasses both microscopic and macroscopic analyses to rigorously evaluate the PCM's performance under various environmental conditions. It evaluates the effect of PCMs on ambient conditions in the face of temperature variations and high humidity, utilizing experimental methods at different scales (microscopic and macroscopic).

Cooperation for malaria control and elimination in the Guiana Shield.

The Guiana Shield, a small region of South America, is currently one of the main hotspots of malaria transmission on the continent. This Amazonian area is characterised by remarkable socioeconomic, cultural, health, and political heterogeneity and a high degree of regional and cross-border population mobility, which has contributed to the increase of malaria in the region in the past few years. In this context, regional cooperation to control malaria represents both a challenge and an indispensable initiative.

The effect of gender on emotional reactions and perceptions when individuals meet themselves in immersive virtual reality.

Immersive virtual reality-based training and research are becoming more and more popular and are in continuous development. For instance, it is now possible to be trained by one's virtual self (i.e.

A deepfake-based study on facial expressiveness and social outcomes.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-generated media is used in entertainment, art, education, and marketing. AI-generated faces or facial expressions using deepfake-based technologies might also contribute to nonverbal behavior studies. As a proof of concept, in this research, we test the replicability of past results regarding the positive effects of facial expressiveness (e.

Data in experimental stand-alone microgrid: Solar production, domestic loads, battery storage and meteorological series.

At the centre of Reunion Island, a region denoted « Mafate » is non-connected to the main electrical grid. In the context of the "Micro Reseau Mafate" research project, financed by the European Regional Development Fund, the PIMENT Laboratory and the local electrification union SIDELEC aim to develop microgrid stations in this isolated area. More than 300 homes are concerned by this alternative solution that these microgrids represent.

Do loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) gut contents reflect the types, colors and sources of plastic pollution in the Southwest Indian Ocean?

We analyzed plastic debris ingested by loggerheads from bycatch between 2007 and 2021 in the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO). We also analyzed plastic debris accumulated on beaches of the east coast of Madagascar as a proxy for ocean plastics to compare the characteristics of beached plastics and plastic ingested by turtles. We conducted a "brand audit" of the plastics to determine their country of origin.

The effect of paid parental leave on breastfeeding, parental health and behavior.

Little is known about the effects of paid parental leave (in particular fathers' quotas) on parental health and involvement. In this paper, we exploit a reform that took place in the Canadian province of Quebec to address that important topic. In 2006, Quebec opted out of the federal plan and established its own parental insurance plan, named the Quebec Parental Insurance Plan (QPIP).

The impact of a mandatory universal drug insurance program on health behaviors and outcomes.

This paper investigates the effects of a mandatory, universal prescription drug insurance policy on health behaviors and outcomes within a public health care system providing physician and hospital services free of charge. Using Canadian longitudinal data, we show that the reform improved individuals' general health while reducing body mass index and smoking. However, the program also increased drinking and had no significant impact on mental health, physical activity, or preventive care.

First High-Density Genetic Linkage Map Provides Quantitative Trait Loci for Resistance to .

f. sp. (Forv), the causal agent of root and stem rot disease, is the main pathogen affecting vanilla production.

Bacteriocin Production Correlates with Epidemiological Prevalence of Phylotype I Sequevar 18 Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum in Madagascar.

Bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a major threat to vegetable crops in Madagascar. For more effective disease management, surveys were carried out in the main vegetable production areas of the country, leading to the collection of 401 new RSSC isolates. Phylogenetic assignment of the isolates revealed a high prevalence of phylotype I sequevar 18.

Minimum wages and health: evidence from European countries.

This study investigates the effects of minimum wage on health, well-being, and income security in European countries. The empirical strategy consists of exploiting variations in the minimum wage across European countries over time. We show that minimum wage increases improve individuals' self-reported health and income security.

Molecular Epidemiology of Phylotype I Strains in the Southwest Indian Ocean Region and Their Relatedness to African Strains.

The increasing requirement for developing tools enabling fine strain traceability responsible for epidemics is tightly linked with the need to understand factors shaping pathogen populations and their environmental interactions. Bacterial wilt caused by the species complex (RSSC) is one of the most important plant diseases in tropical and subtropical regions. Sadly, little, outdated, or no information on its epidemiology is reported in the literature, although alarming outbreaks are regularly reported as disasters.

Genomic landscape of the DHA1 family in Candida auris and mapping substrate repertoire of CauMdr1.

The last decade has witnessed the rise of an extremely threatening healthcare-associated multidrug-resistant non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, Candida auris. Since besides target alterations, efflux mechanisms contribute maximally to antifungal resistance, it is imperative to investigate their contributions in this pathogen. Of note, within the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of efflux pumps, drug/H antiporter family 1 (DHA1) has been established as a predominant contributor towards xenobiotic efflux.

Bioinformatic Identification of ABC Transporters in Candida auris.

Antifungal resistance mediated by overexpression of ABC transporters is one of the primary roadblocks to effective therapy against Candida infections. Thus, identification and characterization of the ABC transporter repertoire in Candida species are of high relevance. The method described in the chapter is based on our previously developed bioinformatic pipeline for identification of ABC proteins in Candida species.

Spatio-temporal modelling of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) populations on Reunion Island (Indian Ocean).

Background: Reunion Island regularly faces outbreaks of bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic diseases, two insect-borne orbiviral diseases of ruminants. Hematophagous midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are the vectors of bluetongue (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHDV) viruses. In a previous study, statistical models based on environmental and meteorological data were developed for the five Culicoides species present in the island to provide a better understanding of their ecology and predict their presence and abundance.

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of and in French Guiana: 2005-2019.

This study examines the dynamics of malaria as influenced by meteorological factors in French Guiana from 2005 to 2019. It explores spatial hotspots of malaria transmission and aims to determine the factors associated with variation of hotspots with time. : Data for individual malaria cases came from the surveillance system of the Delocalized Centers for Prevention and Care (CDPS) ( = 17) from 2005-2019.

An Overview on Industrial and Medical Applications of Bio-Pigments Synthesized by Marine Bacteria.

Marine bacterial species contribute to a significant part of the oceanic population, which substantially produces biologically effectual moieties having various medical and industrial applications. The use of marine-derived bacterial pigments displays a snowballing effect in recent times, being natural, environmentally safe, and health beneficial compounds. Although isolating marine bacteria is a strenuous task, these are still a compelling subject for researchers, due to their promising avenues for numerous applications.

Immunometabolism at the cornerstone of inflammaging, immunosenescence, and autoimmunity in COVID-19.

Inflammaging constitutes the common factor for comorbidities predisposing to severe COVID-19. Inflammaging leads to T-cell senescence, and immunosenescence is linked to autoimmune manifestations in COVID-19. As in SLE, metabolic dysregulation occurs in T-cells.

Assessment of Inflammation and Calcification in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Arteries and Skin with 18F-FluroDeoxyGlucose and 18F-Sodium Fluoride Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging: The GOCAPXE Trial.

Background: Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by elastic fiber fragmentation and ectopic calcification. There is growing evidence that vascular calcification is associated with inflammatory status and is enhanced by inflammatory cytokines. Since PXE has never been considered as an inflammatory condition, no incidence of chronic inflammation leading to calcification in PXE has been reported and should be investigated.

Influence of storage conditions and packaging of fortified wheat flour on microbial load and stability of folate and vitamin B12.

Flour fortification with folic acid (FA) is implemented in many countries, and the fortification of flour with vitamin B12 has been planned. However, vitamins losses can occur during storage. In this study, fortified wheat flour was packaged either in paper bags or multilayer aluminum/PET bags, and stored in controlled conditions of temperature (25 °C or 40 °C) and relative humidity (65% or 85% RH) for 6 months.

Modelling temporal dynamics of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) populations on Reunion Island (Indian Ocean), vectors of viruses of veterinary importance.

Background: Reunion Island regularly faces outbreaks of epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) and bluetongue (BT), two viral diseases transmitted by haematophagous midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) to ruminants. To date, five species of Culicoides are recorded in Reunion Island in which the first two are proven vector species: Culicoides bolitinos, C. imicola, C.