Tipping point-induced abrupt shifts in East Asian hydroclimate since the Last Glacial Maximum.

Multiple tipping points in the Earth system could be triggered when global warming exceeds specific thresholds. However, the degree of their impact on the East Asian hydroclimate remains uncertain due to the lack of quantitative rainfall records. Here we present an ensemble reconstruction of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) using nine statistical and machine learning methods based on multi-proxy records from a maar lake in southern China.

Understanding Early Risk Factors of Preschool Disruptive Behaviors in a Population-Based Birth Cohort: Why Does Comorbidity Matter?

Background/objectives: Research on early risk factors for disruptive behaviors (DBs: hyperactivity-impulsivity/HI, non-compliance/NC, or physical aggression/PA) has predominantly focused on individual DBs in silos (i.e., HI, NC, PA) or the broader category of externalizing, reporting mostly common risk factors among them.

The burden of COVID-19 mortality among solid organ transplant recipients in the United States.

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) have a heightened risk of adverse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes because of immunosuppression and medical comorbidity. We quantified the burden of COVID-19 mortality in United States (US) SOTRs. A sample of deaths documented in the US solid organ transplant registry from June 2020 through December 2022 was linked to the National Death Index to identify COVID-19 deaths and weighted to represent all SOTR deaths during the study period.

The Saint-Leonard Urban Glaciotectonic Cave Harbors Rich and Diverse Planktonic and Sedimentary Microbial Communities.

The terrestrial subsurface harbors unique microbial communities that play important biogeochemical roles and allow for studying a yet unknown fraction of the Earth's biodiversity. The Saint-Leonard cave in Montreal City (Canada) is of glaciotectonic origin. Its speleogenesis traces back to the withdrawal of the Laurentide Ice Sheet 13,000 years ago, during which the moving glacier dislocated the sedimentary rock layers.

Effects of the Birthplace Altitude and Training Volume on Hematological Characteristics in Youth and Junior Male Colombian Cyclists.

Purpose: The long-term development of talent in endurance sports is a topic of interest. Among various factors, the importance of total hemoglobin mass (tHbmass) and the potential benefits of being an altitude-native athlete remain unclear, particularly in young categories. This study aimed to investigate the impact of altitude and training content on hematological characteristics by comparing young male cyclists age 15-16 and 17-18 years who were born and trained at a moderate altitude (ie, greater than or equal to 2500 m; MA) and cyclists who were born and trained at low altitude (below 1000 m; LA).

Differential Association of Preadolescent Risk Factors Across Developmental Patterns of Adolescent Concurrent Gambling Participation and Substance Use.

Early risk factors for gambling participation (GP) and substance use (SU) in adolescents have usually been studied separately, although these disorders were integrated into the same clinical category over a decade ago. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the early individual, parental, familial and social risk factors associated with developmental patterns of adolescent GP and SU in a population-representative cohort (N = 1594, 51.2% boys).

Olfactory Projections to Locomotor Control Centers in the Sea Lamprey.

Although olfaction is well known to guide animal behavior, the neural circuits underlying the motor responses elicited by olfactory inputs are poorly understood. In the sea lamprey, anatomical evidence shows that olfactory inputs project to the posterior tuberculum (PT), a structure containing dopaminergic (DA) neurons homologous to the mammalian ventral tegmental area and the substantia nigra pars compacta. Olfactory inputs travel directly from the medial olfactory bulb (medOB) or indirectly through the main olfactory bulb and the lateral pallium (LPal).

Learning from educators: Implementation of a positive behavior support program targeting challenging behavior in children with autism.

Challenging behaviors (CB) are a frequent co-occurring problem in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and hinder their response to recommended interventions such as early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI). The Prevent-Teach-Reinforce for young children (PTR-YC) program was implemented to meet community-based EIBI educators' training and support needs in managing CB in their day-to-day work with families. Although this positive behavior support program has a strong empirical basis, its implementation by community-based educators has yet to be assessed from a systematic and structured program evaluation perspective.

Effects of Physical Activity on Disordered Eating Behaviours in Individuals With a Psychotic Disorder.

Aim: This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity on cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating in individuals with a psychotic disorder.

Methods: Twenty-seven participants with a psychotic disorder (55% male; mean age: 30 ± 7.5 years; Caucasian: 66.

Potential of land degradation index for soil salinity mapping in irrigated agricultural land in a semi-arid region using Landsat-OLI and Sentinel-MSI data.

Irrigated agricultural lands in arid and semi-arid regions are prone to soil degradation. Remote sensing technology has proven useful for mapping and monitoring the extent of this issue. To accurately discern soil salinity, it is essential to choose appropriate spectral wavelengths.

A Safe Haven Through Attachment: A Dyadic Perspective on the Association Between Cumulative Childhood Trauma and Relationship Satisfaction.

Cumulative childhood trauma (CCT) increases the risk of experiencing interpersonal problems and relationship distress in adulthood. However, not all CCT survivors experience such difficulties, and little research has investigated protective factors against relationship dissatisfaction in CCT survivors and their partners. Romantic attachment might be one such factor that could reduce the harmful effects of a CCT history on relationship satisfaction for both survivors and their partners.

Are Children Following High Trajectories of Disruptive Behaviors in Early Childhood More or Less Likely to Follow Concurrent High Trajectories of Internalizing Problems?

The developmental association between disruptive behaviors (DBs: hyperactivity-impulsivity, non-compliance, physical aggression) and internalizing problems in early childhood is not well understood and has generated competing hypotheses and mixed results. Using a person-centered strategy, the present study aimed to examine concurrent trajectories of DBs and trajectories of internalizing problems from age 1.5 to 5 years in a population-representative sample (N = 2057; 50.

Challenges and recent advances in quantitative mass spectrometry-based metabolomics.

The field of metabolomics has gained tremendous interest in recent years. Whether the goal is to discover biomarkers related to certain pathologies or to better understand the impact of a drug or contaminant, numerous studies have demonstrated how crucial it is to understand variations in metabolism. Detailed knowledge of metabolic variabilities can lead to more effective treatments, as well as faster or less invasive diagnostics.

Effect of Biofouling on the Sorption of Organic Contaminants by Microplastics.

Microplastics in the aquatic environment are susceptible to colonization by surrounding microorganisms, which form biofilms over the microplastic's surface. These biofilm-laden microplastics can then interact with a diverse array of contaminants. In the present study, biofilms were grown on microplastics in a laboratory setting using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model biofilm-forming bacterium for periods of 5 to 15 days.

A systems approach to multilingual language attitudes: A case study of Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Purpose: People are shaped holistically by dynamic and interrelated individual and social-ecological systems. This perspective has been discussed in the context of varied aspects of bilingual experiences, namely language acquisition and development. Here, we applied a to language attitudes, which may be especially responsive to social-ecological influences.

Transgenerational trauma: Perceived parental style, children's adaptational efforts, and mental health outcomes in second generation and third generation holocaust offspring in Hungary.

The intergenerational impact of genocide has been studied in various contexts, however, the mechanisms of trauma transmission remain unclear. The present study aimed to better understand the relationship between parental trauma and offspring mental health by exploring mechanisms of trauma transmission in the children ( = 599) and grandchildren ( = 311) of Holocaust survivors (HS) in Hungary. In a cross-sectional online survey study, we used the paradigm developed by Danieli, Norris, Lindert, Paisner, Engdahl, et al.

Evidence about art-based interventions for Indigenous people: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Indigenous people experience a unique set of health inequalities and social determinants that can negatively affect their physical health, mental health and wellness. This critical state of affairs is compounded by the limited availability of culturally appropriate care services and treatments for the different groups. In response, increasing numbers of studies are turning their focus to art-based interventions and how these might benefit Indigenous lives.

Psychotic-like experiences and associated factors in resident physicians: A Canadian cross-sectional study.

Aim: Medical residency training is associated with a range of sociodemographic, lifestyle and mental health factors that may confer higher risk for psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) in residents, yet little research has examined this question. Thus, we aimed to document the prevalence and associated factors of PLEs among resident physicians.

Methods: Physicians enrolled in residency programmes in the Province of Québec, Canada (four universities) were recruited in Fall 2022 via their programme coordinators and social media.

Electrocatalytic water treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances reduces adsorbable organofluorine and bioaccumulation potential.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive in industrial processes, eliciting public concern upon their release into municipal sewers or the environment. Removing PFAS from the environment has become an urgent need. However, because potential endpoints span from energy-intensive complete mineralization to partial PFAS transformation, understanding and developing metrics for evaluating PFAS treatment can be a challenge.

Discovery and Verification of Sjögren's Syndrome Protein Biomarkers in Tears by Targeted LC-MRM.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disorder characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction, mainly from the lacrimal and salivary glands. The disease causes severe aqueous dry eye syndrome (DED) and is associated with high rates of complications, including corneal ulceration, scaring, and perforation. Systemic complications may occur as well as a higher risk of developing lymphoma.

Exploring the impacts of ketogenic diet on reversible hepatic steatosis: initial analysis in male mice.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Ketogenic diet (KD), a diet with very low intake in carbohydrates, gained popularity as a weight-loss approach. However, in mice models, it has been reported that an excess exposition of dietary fat induces hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis.