Associations of perceived neighbourhood and home environments with sedentary behaviour among adolescents in 14 countries: the IPEN adolescent cross sectional observational study.

Background: Understanding environmental correlates of sedentary behaviour (SB) among young people is important as such data can identify approaches to limit sedentary time. This paper estimates associations of parent-reported neighbourhood and adolescent-reported home environments with SB among adolescents aged 11-19 years from 14 countries.

Methods: In the International Physical activity and the Environment Network (IPEN) Adolescent Study (an observational, cross-sectional multi-country study), adolescents wore a triaxial accelerometer for seven days that assessed sedentary time (ST).

Jejunal flap interposition after total gastrectomy in managing patients with familial adenomatous polyposis: A report on the experience of a single centre.

Introduction: Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are characterised by the appearance of colorectal cancer if the disease is left to follow its natural course, which means they frequently undergo prophylactic colectomy at a young age. In these patients, duodenal cancer becomes the leading cause of death, which deems surveillance necessary. Gastric cancer, although rare, can also occur in these patients, and total gastrectomy is the usual treatment option.

Associations between sexual health and well-being: a systematic review.

Objective: To investigate the associations between sexual health dimensions, and overall health and well-being.

Methods: In February 2024, we systematically searched Scopus, PsyArticles, PsycINFO®, PubMed®, Web of Science and LILACS for articles reporting on associations between sexual health, health and well-being indicators. We applied no language restrictions and followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Relationship Between Depression and Falls Among Nursing Home Residents: Integrative Review.

Background: Depression is a highly prevalent psychopathological condition among older adults, particularly those institutionalized in nursing homes (NHs). Unfortunately, it is poorly identified and diagnosed. NH residents are twice as likely to fall as community-dwelling older adults.

Minimally Invasive Versus Invasive Proteomics: Urine and Blood Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This underlines the urgent need for effective biomarkers for early diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic counseling. Proteomic signatures from plasma and urine have emerged as promising tools for these efforts, each offering unique advantages and challenges.

Hyperkalemia management: a multidisciplinary expert panel's perspective on the role of new potassium binders.

Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening condition frequently encountered in clinical practice, particularly among patients with chronic kidney disease, heart failure, diabetes, and hypertension and those undergoing treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi). The management of chronic and acute hyperkalemia is complex and requires timely intervention to prevent severe complications such as cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. Traditional therapeutic approaches to chronic hyperkalemia, including dietary potassium restriction, use of diuretics, and administration of cation-exchange resins like sodium polystyrene sulfonate, often suffer from limitations like gastrointestinal side effects, variable efficacy, delayed onset of action, and RAASi treatment discontinuation.

Exploring the potential of 7,4'-di(diethylamino)flavylium as a novel photosensitizer for topical photodynamic therapy of skin cancer.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic approach that has shown promising results in recent years, particularly in the dermatological clinical treatment of several pathologies, including neoplastic skin diseases. In light of the recent discovery of the photosensitizing properties of a water-soluble group of amino-based flavylium dyes, research efforts have led to the development of a novel synthetic dye with two diethylamino moieties in its structure, 7,4'-di(diethylamino)flavylium (7,4'diN(Et)). This dye was tested as a potential photosensitizer for PDT of skin cancer.

Early combination therapy with SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA or dual GIP/GLP-1 RA in type 2 diabetes.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-Like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are recommended in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) for glycaemic control and for people with high cardiovascular risk. However, current guidelines do not specifically address the role of initial early combination therapy with SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA or dual gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 RA, but rather sequential initiation with either in T2D. This review synthesizes the available evidence on the use of SGLT2i and GLP-1-based therapies for T2D and provides a rationale for their combination.

Machine Learning-Driven Discovery and Database of Cyanobacteria Bioactive Compounds: A Resource for Therapeutics and Bioremediation.

Cyanobacteria strains have the potential to produce bioactive compounds that can be used in therapeutics and bioremediation. Therefore, compiling all information about these compounds to consider their value as bioresources for industrial and research applications is essential. In this study, a searchable, updated, curated, and downloadable database of cyanobacteria bioactive compounds was designed, along with a machine-learning model to predict the compounds' targets of newly discovered molecules.

Ontology of doctor and patient relationship and bioethics: from Aristotle's teleology to Pellegrino's philosophy of medicine.

Some philosophical and metaethical theories have tried to provide a fundamental background for bioethics but miss the fundamental question about what medicine is, its nature and its end. We argue that the philosophy of medicine, through the development that Edmund Pellegrino and David Thomasma gave to this field of study, allied with Aristotle's practical and teleological ethics, can provide an ontological background for bioethics beyond the tradition of principles and deontology, with particular emphasis on the uniqueness of the doctor-patient encounter. Some difficulties and criticisms of this ontological model are also examined.

Cardiac remodelling in the era of the recommended four pillars heart failure medical therapy.

Cardiac remodelling is a key determinant of worse cardiovascular outcome in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). It affects both the left ventricle (LV) structure and function as well as the left atrium (LA) and the right ventricle (RV). Guideline recommended medical therapy for HF, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptors II blockers/angiotensin receptor blocker-neprilysin inhibitors (ACE-I/ARB/ARNI), beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) and sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), have shown to improve morbidity and mortality in patients with HFrEF.

Sugarcane-Based Polyethylene Biocomposite Reinforced with Organophilic Montmorillonite Clay: Experimental Characterization and Performance Evaluation.

With the growing human awareness of trying to reduce the environmental impact in today's world, the development of new sustainably based materials has been the increasing focus of industry and academia. Biocomposites are environmentally friendly materials produced from raw materials synthesized from renewable sources. In this sense, this work aims to characterize and evaluate the mechanical and thermal performances of biocomposites manufactured from a thermoplastic matrix of high-density bioethylene and obtained from ethanol produced from sugarcane and reinforced with organophilic montmorillonite clay.

Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome/Veno-Occlusive Disease (SOS/VOD) Primary Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome/veno-occlusive disease (SOS/VOD) is a major complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, resulting from immune and chemical toxicity in the sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocellular damage. In the most severe cases, multiorgan dysfunction occurs, so it is essential to promptly identify patients at greater risk of SOS/VOD and to adopt prophylactic strategies. : This study aims to systematize the impact of different approaches as primary prophylaxes against SOS/VOD in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Volatile Compounds from the Lichen (L.) Zopf. Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Fish Pathogens.

Lichens are symbiotic organisms with unique secondary metabolism. Various metabolites from lichens have shown antimicrobial activity. Nevertheless, very few studies have investigated the antimicrobial potential of the volatile compounds they produce.