Advancing psychosocial disability and psychosocial rehabilitation research through large language models and computational text mining.

Psychosocial rehabilitation and psychosocial disability research have been a longstanding topic in healthcare, demanding continuous exploration and analysis to enhance patient and clinical outcomes. As the prevalence of psychosocial disability research continues to attract scholarly attention, many scientific articles are being published in the literature. These publications offer profound insights into diagnostics, preventative measures, treatment strategies, and epidemiological factors.

Integrated analysis of long non‑coding RNA megacluster, microRNA‑132 and microRNA‑133a and their implications for cardiovascular risk and kidney failure progression in diabetic patients.

Inefficient control of elevated blood sugar levels can lead to certain health complications such as diabetic nephropathy (DN) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The identification of effective biomarkers for monitoring diabetes was performed in the present study. The present study aimed to investigate the implications of long non-coding RNA megacluster (lnc-MGC), microRNA (miR)-132 and miR-133a, and their correlation with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels to identify biomarkers for the early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, induced DN and CVD.

Development of a Japanese version of the patient perceptions of deprescribing - Short form.

Background: Deprescribing is a critical component of clinical practice, especially in geriatric medicine. Nevertheless, the attributes of patients who are prepared for, interested in, and could potentially benefit from deprescribing have not been well examined. The Patient Perceptions of Deprescribing (PPoD) evaluates patients' overall readiness for deprescribing and is complemented by an 11-item validated short form (SF-PPoD).

Best holdout assessment is sufficient for cancer transcriptomic model selection.

Guidelines in statistical modeling for genomics hold that simpler models have advantages over more complex ones. Potential advantages include cost, interpretability, and improved generalization across datasets or biological contexts. We directly tested the assumption that small gene signatures generalize better by examining the generalization of mutation status prediction models across datasets (from cell lines to human tumors and vice versa) and biological contexts (holding out entire cancer types from pan-cancer data).

Millisecond-level transient heating and temperature monitoring technique for ultrasound-induced thermal strain imaging.

Ultrasound-induced thermal strain imaging (US-TSI) is a promising ultrasound imaging modality that has been demonstrated in preclinical studies to identify a lipid-rich necrotic core of an atherosclerotic plaque. However, human physiological motion, e.g.

Cumulative Impact Loading and Cartilage Synthesis Biomarkers May Be Associated With Injury Risk in Female Collegiate Basketball Players.

Purpose: To evaluate whether cumulative impact load and serum biomarkers are related to lower-extremity injury and to determine any impact load and cartilage biomarker relationships in collegiate female basketball athletes.

Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study evaluating lower-extremity impact load, serum cartilage biomarkers, and injury incidence over the course of a single collegiate women's basketball season. Data were collected from August 2022 to April 2023; no other follow-up after the cessation of the season was conducted in this cohort.

Artificial Intelligence Scribes in Psychiatry.

Artificial intelligence (AI) scribes for clinical documentation are likely to be among the first AI tools to affect the day-to-day practice of psychiatry, yet many psychiatrists are unfamiliar with them. This article introduces psychiatrists to AI scribes, including their potential benefits and risks. AI scribes may enhance efficiency, reduce physician burnout, and improve patient-physician rapport by automating documentation processes.

Expression of vesiculation-related genes is associated with a tumor-promoting microenvironment: a pan-cancer analysis.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) released by tumor cells (tumor-derived sEV; TEX) mediate intercellular communication between tumor and non-malignant cells and were shown to impact disease progression. This study investigates the relationship between the expression levels of the vesiculation-related genes linked to sEV production and the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Methods: Two independent gene sets were analyzed, both previously linked to sEV production in various non-malignant or malignant cells.

The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Decision on Withdrawal of Life-sustaining Treatments in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Socioeconomic status affects outcomes in cerebrovascular disease, although its role in the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatments (WLST) remains uncertain. We aim to examine the impact of socioeconomic factors on outcomes including WLST in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of a cohort of consecutive patients with aSAH who were admitted to an academic center from 2016 to 2023.

Updated appropriate use criteria for amyloid and tau PET: A report from the Alzheimer's Association and Society for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Workgroup.

Introduction: The Alzheimer's Association and the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging convened a multidisciplinary workgroup to update appropriate use criteria (AUC) for amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and to develop AUC for tau PET.

Methods: The workgroup identified key research questions that guided a systematic literature review on clinical amyloid/tau PET. Building on this review, the workgroup developed 17 clinical scenarios in which amyloid or tau PET may be considered.

Enterovirus and Parechovirus Neurologic Infections in Children: Clinical Presentations and Neuropathogenesis.

Enteroviruses (EVs) and parechoviruses (PeVs) are common pathogens of childhood. Enteroviral infections cause a range of clinical syndromes from mild illness to neurologic manifestations of meningitis, encephalitis, and acute flaccid myelitis. Disease manifestations are driven by a combination of viral replication and host immune response.

Perspectives on Conducting Behavioral Intervention With Adolescents Using a Virtual Platform-A Thematic Analysis From the Viewpoint of Study Coordinators.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread adoption of virtual communication platforms. Virtual study visits were implemented in the pilot cluster randomized trial (CRT) stage of Teen Adherence in KidnEy transplant Improving Tracking To Optimize Outcomes (TAKE-IT TOO). The present study aimed to understand study coordinators' perspectives on conducting a behavioral intervention with adolescent kidney transplant recipients using virtual conferencing platforms.

Long-Term Trajectories of Older Adults Served by an Emergency Department/Hospital-Based Elder Mistreatment Response Program.

Background: An emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalization provides an opportunity to identify elder mistreatment and initiate intervention, but this seldom occurs. To address this, we developed the Vulnerable Elder Protection Team (VEPT), a novel interdisciplinary consultation service. We explored the long-term trajectories of patients receiving VEPT evaluation and intervention.

Does familiarity-detection flip attention inward? The familiarity-flip-of-attention account of the primacy effect in memory for repetitions.

In cognitive psychology, research on attention is shifting from focusing primarily on how people orient toward stimuli in the environment toward instead examining how people orient internally toward memory representations. With this new shift the question arises: What factors in the environment send attention inward? A recent proposal is that one factor is cue familiarity-detection (Cleary, Irving & Mills, Cognitive Science, 47, e13274, 2023). Within this theoretical framework, we reinterpret a decades-old empirical pattern-a primacy effect in memory for repetitions-in a novel way.

Inferring effects of mutations on SARS-CoV-2 transmission from genomic surveillance data.

New and more transmissible variants of SARS-CoV-2 have arisen multiple times over the course of the pandemic. Rapidly identifying mutations that affect transmission could improve our understanding of viral biology and highlight new variants that warrant further study. Here we develop a generic, analytical epidemiological model to infer the transmission effects of mutations from genomic surveillance data.

Survival benefit associated with liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma based on tumor burden scores at listing.

Introduction: Liver transplantation (LT) provides significant survival benefits to patients with unresectable HCC. In the United States, organ allocation policies for HCCs within the United Network for Organ Sharing criteria do not prioritize patients based on their differences in oncological characteristics. This study assessed whether transplant-associated survival benefits (TASBs) vary among patients with different tumor burden scores (TBS) measured at the time of listing.

Mitotic block and epigenetic repression underlie neurodevelopmental defects and neurobehavioral deficits in congenital heart disease.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart disease associated with microcephaly and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. Here we show that the Ohia HLHS mouse model, with mutations in Sap130, a chromatin modifier, and Pcdha9, a cell adhesion protein, also exhibits microcephaly associated with mitotic block and increased apoptosis leading to impaired cortical neurogenesis. Transcriptome profiling, DNA methylation, and Sap130 ChIPseq analyses all demonstrate dysregulation of genes associated with autism and cognitive impairment.

How macrophage heterogeneity affects tuberculosis disease and therapy.

Macrophages are the primary host cell type for infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo. Macrophages are also key immune effector cells that mediate the control of bacterial growth. However, the specific macrophage phenotypes that are required for optimal immune control of M.

Sleep as a possible mediator in the association of mental health parameters with cardiovascular health indices in women: exploratory analyses from the Heart SCORE Study.

Objective: This exploratory study aimed to determine the possible role of sleep in the relationships of depression and anxiety, with early surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, such as brachial artery (BA) diameter and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in women.

Methods: We included 1,075 self-reported postmenopausal women, 45 to 75 years from the Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation Study. Exposure variables were depression and anxiety assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively.

Aspirin and Hemocompatibility After LVAD Implantation in Patients With Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: A Secondary Analysis From the ARIES-HM3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The Aspirin and Hemocompatibility Events With a Left Ventricular Assist Device in Advanced Heart Failure (ARIES-HM3) study demonstrated that aspirin may be safely eliminated from the antithrombotic regimen after HeartMate 3 (HM3 [Abbott Cardiovascular]) left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. This prespecified analysis explored whether conditions requiring aspirin (prior percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI], coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG], stroke, or peripheral vascular disease [PVD]) would influence outcomes differentially with aspirin avoidance.

Objective: To analyze aspirin avoidance on hemocompatibility-related adverse events (HRAEs) at 1 year after implant in patients with a history of CABG, PCI, stroke, or PVD.

It's all in the gut: the central role of the gut and microbiome in preventing disease progression in simian immunodeficiency viruses infected African nonhuman primates.

Purpose Of Review: Typically, both HIV-infected humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected Asian nonhuman primates (NHPs) eventually progress to AIDS, while African NHPs that are natural hosts of SIV do not, in spite of life-long, high levels of viral replication. Lack of disease progression in African NHPs is not due to some adaptation by the virus, but rather to host adaptations to the virus. Central to these adaptations is maintenance of the gut integrity during acute viral replication and inflammation, which allows natural hosts to avoid the chronic inflammation characteristic to pathogenic HIV/SIV infection.

Advancing Delirium Treatment Trials in Older Adults: Recommendations for Future Trials From the Network for Investigation of Delirium: Unifying Scientists (NIDUS).

Objectives: To summarize the delirium treatment trial literature, identify the unique challenges in delirium treatment trials, and formulate recommendations to address each in older adults.

Design: A 39-member interprofessional and international expert working group of clinicians (physicians, nurses, and pharmacists) and nonclinicians (biostatisticians, epidemiologists, and trial methodologists) was convened. Four expert panels were assembled to explore key subtopics (pharmacological/nonpharmacologic treatment, methodological challenges, and novel research designs).