128,211 results match your criteria: "University of Pittsburgh[Affiliation]"
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract
December 2024
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Asthma and Environmental Lung Health Institute@UPMC, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address:
Arch Phys Med Rehabil
December 2024
Département d'opérations et systèmes de decision, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
Objective: To measure the effect of a community-based peer-led eHealth manual wheelchair (MWC) skills training program on community participation, wheelchair skills capacity and performance, wheelchair-specific self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life.
Design: Randomized control trial with wait-list control group.
Setting: Community.
Int J Pharm
December 2024
School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
The nasal airway comprises a complex network of passages and chambers and plays an important role in regulating the respiratory system's functions. The nasal vestibule is the first chamber of the nasal airway. While variations in nasal vestibule geometries are known to exist between humans, details of their implications on how they may affect the efficacy of nasal drug delivery devices are less clear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtif Intell Med
December 2024
Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:
Medical imaging, particularly radiography, is an indispensable part of diagnosing many chest diseases. Final diagnoses are made by radiologists based on images, but the decision-making process is always associated with a risk of incorrect interpretation. Incorrectly interpreted data can lead to delays in treatment, a prescription of inappropriate therapy, or even a completely missed diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Clin Exp Res
December 2024
Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Depression is one of the most debilitating mental disorders and a risk factor for many other chronic diseases that are commonly seen in the geriatric population. It has been claimed in previous studies that depression can be associated with obesity in this age group, but there is no common consensus between their results.
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the association between depression metabolic syndrome and obesity phenotypes in community-dwelling older adults living in the East of Iran.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
December 2024
Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
Gastroenterology
December 2024
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Endeavor Health, Chicago, Illinois.
Description: Portal vein thromboses (PVTs) are common in patients with cirrhosis and are associated with advanced portal hypertension and mortality. The treatment of PVTs remains a clinical challenge due to limited evidence and competing risks of PVT-associated complications vs bleeding risk of anticoagulation. Significant heterogeneity in PVT phenotype based on anatomic, host, and disease characteristics, and an emerging spectrum of therapeutic options further complicate PVT management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPM R
December 2024
Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Epilepsia
December 2024
Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Objective: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of novel treatments for epilepsy. However, there have been concerning increases in the placebo responder rate over time. To understand these trends, we evaluated features associated with increased placebo responder rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Care
December 2024
Department of Intensive Care, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Intracranial multimodal monitoring (iMMM) is increasingly used in neurocritical care, but a lack of standardization hinders its evidence-based development. Here, we devised core outcome sets (COS) and reporting guidelines to harmonize iMMM practices and research.
Methods: An open, decentralized, three-round Delphi consensus study involved experts between December 2023 and June 2024.
Breast Cancer Res
December 2024
Computational Biology Branch, National Library of Medicine and Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Background: Treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are limited and patients face a poor prognosis. Here, we sought to identify drugs that target TNBC vulnerabilities and understand the biology underlying these responses. We analyzed the Broad Institute DepMap to identify recurrent TNBC vulnerabilities and performed a 45-compound screen on vulnerability-related pathways on a set of up to 8 TNBC cell lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Cancer
December 2024
Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background: There are scarce data on risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Asian populations. Our goal was to advance knowledge on reproductive -related risk factors for EOC in a large population of Asian women.
Methods: This study used pooled individual data from baseline questionnaires in 11 prospective cohorts (baseline years, 1958-2015) in the Asia Cohort Consortium.
Nat Rev Rheumatol
December 2024
Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Diabetologia
December 2024
The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA.
Aims/hypothesis: Insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia are core features leading to beta cell failure in youth-onset type 2 diabetes. Insulin clearance (IC) is also a key regulator of insulin concentrations, but few data exist on IC in youth-onset type 2 diabetes. In a secondary analysis of our Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) randomised clinical trial, we investigated potential sex-, race-, ethnicity- and treatment-related differences in IC in youth-onset type 2 diabetes and aimed to identify metabolic phenotypes associated with IC at baseline and in response to metformin, metformin plus a lifestyle intervention, and metformin plus rosiglitazone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Urol
December 2024
Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address:
Background And Objective: Treatment burden refers to the overall impact of medical treatments on a patient's well-being and daily life. Our objective is to evaluate the impact of treatment burden on quality of life (QoL) in patients with genitourinary (GU) malignancies, highlighting the importance of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical trials to inform treatment decisions and improve patient care.
Methods: We conducted a narrative review of clinical trials focused on GU malignancy (prostate, bladder, and kidney) between January 2000 and June 2024, analyzing related PROs and findings regarding treatment burden.
Ann Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address:
Resuscitation
December 2024
Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
Am J Transplant
December 2024
Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London University and King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
The maintenance of stable allograft status in the absence of immunosuppression, known as operational tolerance, can be achieved in a small proportion of liver transplant recipients, but we lack reliable tools to predict its spontaneous development. We conducted a prospective, multi-center, biomarker-strategy design, immunosuppression withdrawal clinical trial to determine the utility of a predictive biomarker of operational tolerance. The biomarker test, originally identified in a patient cohort with high operational tolerance prevalence, consisted of a 5-gene transcriptional signature measured in liver tissue collected before initiating immunosuppression weaning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpine J
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Rocky Mountain Scoliosis and Spine, Denver, CO, USA.
Background Context: While the treatment of adult spinal deformity (ASD) has increasingly favored surgical correction, the incidence of revision surgery remains high. Yet, little has been explored on the association between the etiology of reoperation and patient outcomes.
Purpose: To assess the impact of the etiology of revision surgery on postoperative outcomes.
Ann Oncol
December 2024
Lineberger Comprehensive Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address:
Background: In HER2+ early breast cancer (EBC), we investigated tumor and immune changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their impact on residual disease (RD) biology and prognostic implications across 4 neoadjuvant studies of trastuzumab with or without lapatinib, and with or without chemotherapy: CALGB 40601, PAMELA, NeoALTTO and NSABP B-41.
Patients And Methods: We compared tumor and immune gene expression changes during neoadjuvant treatment and their association with with event-free survival (EFS) by uni- and multivariable Cox regression models in different cohorts and timepoints: 452 RD samples at baseline including 169 with a paired RD, and biomarker changes during neoadjuvant therapy, evaluating model performance via the c-index.
Results: Analysis of 169 paired tumor samples revealed a shift in intrinsic subtype proportions from HER2-Enriched at baseline (50.
Mol Cell
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:
A study in Molecular Cell by Ramadhin et al. and two studies in Cell by van den Heuvel et al. and by Mevissen et al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Psychol
December 2024
Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, USA.
Among people with substance use disorders (SUDs), chronic pain is among the most common comorbid chronic health conditions. Chronic pain increases risk for poor SUD treatment outcomes, including risk for overdose. Given rising overdose rates across North America, a renewed research focus has emerged to better understand the contribution and treatment of chronic pain in the context of an SUD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America.
Negative foot speed (i.e., the speed of the backward and downward motion of the foot relative to the body at ground contact) is a strong predictor of sprinting performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Social network extensions of Heider's balance theory have led to a plethora of adaptations, often inconsistent with Heider and each other. We present a general model that permits the description and testing of specific balance theoretic predictions as Heider had originally proposed them. We formulate balance statements as a comparison of two conditional probabilities of a tie: [Formula: see text], conditioned on 2-path relations [Formula: see text] vs.
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