The PERFORMANCE II Trial: A Prospective Multicenter Investigation of a Novel Carotid Stent System.

Background: Several randomized clinical trials have shown that the composite endpoint of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) is equivalent between carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy. However, the risk of minor stroke has been consistently higher with carotid artery stenting.

Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel carotid stent system comprised of a stent, an adjustable integrated embolic filter and a postdilation balloon, in patients at elevated risk for adverse events from carotid endarterectomy.

Segmental Interbody, Muscle-Preserving, Ligamentotaxis-Enabled Reduction: "SIMPLER" Technique for cMIS Correction of ASD.

Background: Correction of adult spinal deformity (ASD) through minimally invasive techniques is a challenging endeavor and has typically been reserved for experienced surgeons. This publication aims to be the first high-resolution technique guide to demonstrate a reproducible technique for ASD correction utilizing circumferential minimally invasive surgery (cMIS) without an osteotomy. The Segmental Interbody, Muscle-Preserving, Ligamentotaxis-Enabled Reduction (SIMPLER) technique is a novel ligamentotaxis-based scoliosis surgery that represents a paradigm shift from traditional osteotomies toward patient-specific correction.

TEAD1 Prevents Necroptosis and Inflammation in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Through Maintaining Mitochondrial Function.

Cisplatin is widely used for the treatment of solid tumors and its antitumor effects are well established. However, a known complication of cisplatin administration is acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we examined the role of TEA domain family member 1 (TEAD1) in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced AKI.

Retention of bimanual performance following hand arm bimanual intensive therapy in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: A six-month longitudinal study.

Hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy (HABIT) enhances upper extremity (UE) function and bimanual coordination in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP). Previous studies assessed immediate improvements in UE function using clinical and self-reported measures, which may not accurately reflect real-world UE performance and their long-term retention effects. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the retention of real-world bimanual performance gains over time following HABIT in children with UCP.

Epigenetic and Metabolic Landscape of Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background: Lewy body diseases, including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), are characterized by α-synuclein accumulation, leading to dementia. Previous studies suggest distinct epigenetic and metabolomic profiles in DLB.

Objective: This study aims to identify diagnostic biomarkers by analyzing the methylome and metabolome in the Brodmann area 7 of postmortem brain tissues from DLB patients and control subjects using multiomics approaches.

Embed systemic equity throughout industrial ecology applications: How to address machine learning unfairness and bias.

Recent calls have been made for equity tools and frameworks to be integrated throughout the research and design life cycle -from conception to implementation-with an emphasis on reducing inequity in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications. Simply stating that equity should be integrated throughout, however, leaves much to be desired as industrial ecology (IE) researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers attempt to employ equitable practices. In this forum piece, we use a critical review approach to explain how socioecological inequities emerge in ML applications across their life cycle stages by leveraging the food system.

Long-term impact of atrial fibrillation catheter ablation on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Background: The efficacy of catheter ablation as a treatment approach for patients with concurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been inadequately investigated.

Objective: This study's objective was to assess the effectiveness of atrial fibrillation ablation (AFA) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Methods: Utilizing the TriNetX research network, we identified individuals aged 18 and older with atrial fibrillation (AF) and concurrent heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) from January 1, 2010, to June 1, 2021.

Pharmacological adjuvants for diabetic vitrectomy surgery.

Diabetic vitrectomy is a highly intricate surgical procedure performed during the advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). It is used to treat conditions such as tractional or combined retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, and subhyaloid hemorrhage, which are all severe manifestations of proliferative DR. The results of the surgery are uncertain and variable.

Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of reduced lead paediatric electrocardiograms.

Introduction: Alternate electrocardiogram acquisition with fewer leads lacks systematic evaluation in children. This study aims to determine if electrocardiograms with fewer leads maintain diagnostic accuracy in paediatrics.

Methods: This is a single-centre review of 200 randomly selected standard 12-lead electrocardiograms from our hospital database (2017-2020) for patients aged 2 weeks to 21 years.

Impact of meta-memory techniques in generating effective differential diagnoses in a pediatric core clerkship.

Objectives: We primarily assessed differences in differential diagnosis (DDx) efficacy of initial and refined top diagnoses (tDDx) and "can't miss" DDx (CMDx) between 3 MMTs (Constellations, Mental CT, and VINDICATES).

Methods: Pediatric clerkship students participated in two 1-h case-based sessions. The case was presented in three aliquots.

MHC class I upregulation contributes to the therapeutic response to radiotherapy in combination with anti-PD-L1/anti-TGF-β in squamous cell carcinomas with enhanced CD8 T cell memory-driven response.

Radiation therapy (RT), a mainstay treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), kills cancer cells and modulates the tumor immune microenvironment. We sought to assess the effect of RT in combination with PD-L1/TGF-β dual blockade in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and analyze the underlying mechanisms. We transplanted mouse SCC cells derived from keratin-15 (K15) stem cells harboring Kras/Smad4 mutations into syngeneic recipients and irradiated tumors followed by PD-L1/TGF-β dual blockade.

Regeneration of Chronic Alveolar Vertical Defects Using a Micro Dosage of rhBMP-2. An Experimental In Vivo Study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the effect of the location of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) from the native bone and the periosteum for vertical alveolar bone augmentation.

Materials And Methods: Mandibular, chronic, standardized, bilateral, and vertical defects in 12 beagle dogs were evaluated using four modalities: a xenograft alone (XENO; n = 6); rhBMP-2 alone (BMP; n = 6); a technique with rhBMP-2 close to the host bone covered by xenograft (SAN; n = 6); and a technique with rhBMP-2 close to the flap on top of the xenograft (LAS; n = 6). After 8 weeks, a series of in vivo inspections, fluorescence microscopy, histologic and histomorphometric evaluations, and micro-CT analyses.

Thymine DNA glycosylase combines sliding, hopping, and nucleosome interactions to efficiently search for 5-formylcytosine.

Base excision repair is the main pathway involved in active DNA demethylation. 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine, two oxidized moieties of methylated cytosine, are recognized and removed by thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) to generate an abasic site. Using single molecule fluorescence experiments, we study TDG in the presence and absence of 5-formylcytosine.

Self-reported cancer-related cognitive impairment is associated with perturbed neurotransmission pathways.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is reported by 45% of patients with cancer. Significant gaps in knowledge remain regarding the mechanisms that underlie CRCI.

Objectives: Using a data-driven approach, the study purpose was to evaluate for perturbed pathways associated with membership in the High versus the Low CRCI profiles.

Informing a Future Clinician-Led Virtual Reality Experience Through Oncology Caregivers' Pre-Treatment Preparation Experiences.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to 1) describe oncology caregivers' pre-treatment preparation experiences, 2) elicit their feedback about approaches to improve the pre-treatment preparation experience, and 3) explore the potential use of visual aids into the pre-treatment education experience that will inform future clinician-led VR experiences.

Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design and convenience sampling technique, adult oncology caregivers were recruited to complete anonymous demographic and qualitative surveys posted on social media sites (i.e.

Advancing diversity in spine surgery: the critical role of professional societies and foundations.

This manuscript examines the challenges and initiatives within organizations associated with spine surgery to enhance diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), focusing on the systemic barriers that hinder the representation of women and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) minorities. Highlighting the contributions of pioneering individuals who overcame racial and gender discrimination to forge paths in these fields, it stresses the importance of professional societies and foundations in promoting DEI. Despite advancements, legal challenges and recent legislation in various states threaten to undermine DEI efforts, presenting a critical moment for organizations to reassess and reinforce their strategies.