The Dynamics, Degradation, and Afterlives of Pectins: Influences on Cell Wall Assembly and Structure, Plant Development and Physiology, Agronomy, and Biotechnology.

Pectins underpin the assembly, molecular architecture, and physical properties of plant cell walls and through their effects on cell growth and adhesion influence many aspects of plant development. They are some of the most dynamic components of plant cell walls, and pectin remodeling and degradation by pectin-modifying enzymes can drive developmental programming via physical effects on the cell wall and the generation of oligosaccharides that can act as signaling ligands. Here, we introduce pectin structure and synthesis and discuss pectin functions in plants.

Cytokine Hemoadsorption versus Standard Care in Cardiac Surgery Using the Oxiris® Membrane: the OXICARD single center randomized trial.

Background: Cardiac surgery can lead to dysregulation with a pro-inflammatory state, resulting in adverse outcomes. Hemadsorption using the AN69 membrane (Oxiris membrane) has the properties to chelate inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that in patients at high risk of inflammation, the use of the Oxiris membrane could decrease inflammation, preserve endothelial function, and improve postoperative outcomes.

Acute effects of virtual reality exercise bike games on psychophysiological outcomes in college North-African adolescents with cerebral palsy: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder that can affect motor skills and psychophysiological well-being. Virtual Reality Exercise (VRE) improves cognitive and physical outcomes in patients with CP. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of VRE on attention, vigor, and decision-making abilities in adolescents with CP.

Unraveling the Connection Between Ion Channels and Pancreatic Stellate Cell Activation.

Quiescent pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) represent only a very low proportion of the pancreatic tissue, but their activation leads to stroma remodeling and fibrosis associated with pathologies such as chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PSC activation can be induced by various stresses, including acidosis, growth factors (PDGF, TGFβ), hypoxia, high pressure, or intercellular communication with pancreatic cancer cells. Activated PSC targeting represents a promising therapeutic strategy, but little is known regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of PSCs.

Prevalence and comorbidity rates of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in epidemiological and clinical samples: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the prevalence of disruptive mood dysregulation disorders (DMDD) in community-based and clinical populations.

Methods: PubMed and PsychINFO databases were searched, using terms specific to DMDD, for studies of prevalence and comorbidity rates conducted in youths below 18.

Results: Fourteen studies reporting data from 2013 to 2023 were included.

Effect of Chemical Treatment on the Mechanical and Hygroscopic Properties of an Innovative Clay-Sand Composite Reinforced with Fibers.

The viability of using fibers as reinforcement material for developing lightweight sustainable non-structural construction materials in compliance with the valorization of local by-products has been investigated in this work. This study aims to investigate the effect of the chemical treatment of fibers on the mechanical and hygric properties of bio-sourced clay-sand- fiber composite. This lightweight specimen has been produced from a mixture of 60% natural clay and 40% sand by mass, as a matrix, and reinforced with different amounts of Juncus fibers.

Exploring the Photocatalytic Efficiency of Gold Nanoparticles Deposited on Ni-Al-Zr-Layered Double Hydroxides for Selective Glucose Oxidation.

Confronting escalating challenges in energy security and environmental sustainability has intensified interest in renewable sources for fuels and chemicals. Among the most promising alternatives, sugars derived from biomass are emerging as a cornerstone in advancing an environmentally sustainable economy. Within this framework, the development of sunlight-driven carbohydrate oxidation is of significant interest, as it enables the production of a broad spectrum of high-value, bio-sourced chemicals through eco-friendly processes.

The effect of sevelamer on serum calcification propensity in patients with chronic kidney disease: the results of a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.

Background: The serum calcification propensity test (or T50 test) might become a standard tool for the assessment of vascular calcification risk and T50 might be a valuable biomarker in clinical trials of treatments intended to slow the progression of vascular calcification. Literature data suggest that non-calcium-containing phosphate binders can influence T50 in chronic dialysed patients. However, it is not clear whether similar interventions are effective in patients at earlier stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Quantifying the potential contribution of drugs to the occurrence of acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: We sought to comprehensively describe drug-related components associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), describing the incidence of drug-related AKI, the proportion of preventable AKI, identified the various drugs potentially associated with it, explored the risk factors, and assessed the 1-year incidences of the recurrence of drug-related AKI, kidney failure, and death.

Methods: CKD-REIN is a French national prospective cohort of 3033 nephrology outpatients with a confirmed diagnosis of CKD (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m²).

Association between urate-lowering therapy and kidney failure in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Hyperuricemia is a hallmark of gout and a suspected risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the impact of urate-lowering therapy on CKD progression is subject to debate. The objective of the present study was to describe the prevalence of inappropriate urate-lowering therapy prescriptions and evaluate the association between urate-lowering therapy prescription and the progression of kidney disease in patients with CKD.

Whipping Creams: Advances in Molecular Composition and Nutritional Chemistry.

Whipping cream (WC) is an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion used in food industry that can be transformed into aerated foam. The cream market has expanded significantly, driven by consumer demands for healthier and higher-quality products, leading to significant scientific research and innovation. This review focuses on formulation challenges related to ingredients such as fats, emulsifiers, and stabilizers, and how these components interact to form a stable emulsion and foam structure.

Analyzing exercise-to-rest ratios in U19 American football European championship: implications for team success and injury prevention.

Background: The teams' collective playing strategy rather than the individual player attitudes could explain event outcome and risk of injuries.

Objective: The study aimed to examine the playing style of European teams and compare it to the USA.

Method: 12 matches from the U19 European championship of American Football were analysed.

Fortuitous discovery of a superior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery originating from the right branch of the hepatic artery during cadaver dissection.

Introduction: The duodeno-pancreatic region is a highly vascularized area. The superior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a vessel primarily originating from the gastroduodenal artery. It exhibits rare anatomical variations, such as its emergence from the right branch of the hepatic artery, which we fortuitously identified during a cadaver dissection.

Transmantle pressure under the influence of free breathing: non-invasive quantification of the aqueduct pressure gradient in healthy adults.

Background: The pressure gradient between the ventricles and the subarachnoid space (transmantle pressure) is crucial for understanding CSF circulation and the pathogenesis of certain neurodegenerative diseases. This pressure can be approximated by the pressure difference across the aqueduct (ΔP). Currently, no dedicated platform exists for quantifying ΔP, and no research has been conducted on the impact of breathing on ΔP.

Body composition is associated with changes in health-related quality of life in patients with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the association between body composition and changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients followed for hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Longitudinal data from the Knee and Hip OsteoArthritis Long-term Assessments (KHOALA) cohort, a multicentre cohort of 878 patients with symptomatic knee and/or hip OA, were used. The main outcome criteria were changes in patient-reported outcomes measures, the Study Short Form-36 (physical functioning, pain, mental health and vitality) and the OsteoArthritis Knee and Hip Quality Of Life (OAKHQOL)(physical activity, pain and mental health).

Investigating the cognitive architecture of verbal fluency: evidence from an interference design on 487 controls.

Introduction: Numerous studies have explored the linguistic and executive processes underlying verbal fluency using association designs, which provide limited evidence. To assess the validity of our model, we aimed to refine the cognitive architecture of verbal fluency using an interference design.

Methods: A total of 487 healthy participants performed letter and semantic fluency tests under the single condition and dual conditions while concurrently performing a secondary task that interferes with speed, semantics, phonology, or flexibility.

Endocrine disruptor chemicals exposure and female fertility declining: from pathophysiology to epigenetic risks.

Over the last decades, human infertility has become a major concern in public health, with severe societal and health consequences. Growing evidence shows that endocrine disruptors chemicals (EDCs) have been considered as risk factors of infertility. Their presence in our everyday life has become ubiquitous because of their universal use in food and beverage containers, personal care products, cosmetics, phytosanitary products.

Cognitive impacts of unilateral MR-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy: a meta-analysis and a call for systematic neuropsychological assessment.

Objective: Pharmacoresistant tremors, often seen in Parkinson disease and essential tremor, significantly impair patient quality of life. Although deep brain stimulation has been effective, its invasive nature limits its applicability. MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy offers a noninvasive alternative, but its cognitive impacts are not fully understood.

Fumagillin Shortage: How to Treat Microsporidiosis in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients in 2024?

Unlabelled: Intestinal microsporidiosis caused by is an opportunistic infection that especially affects solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Management revolves around tapering the immunosuppressive regimen and/or using a specific anti-microsporidia treatment, but only fumagillin has demonstrated efficacy for treatment of this infection. Since fumagillin has been commercially discontinued, nitazoxanide is increasingly being used in this indication.

Cardiac and respiratory activities induce temporal changes in cerebral blood volume, balanced by a mirror CSF volume displacement in the spinal canal.

Understanding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics is crucial for elucidating the pathogenesis and diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. The primary mechanisms driving CSF oscillations remain a topic of debate. This study investigates whether cerebral blood volume displacement (CBV), modulated by breathing and cardiac activity, is the predominant drivers of CSF oscillations.

pH-dependent emulsifying properties of pea protein isolate: Investigation of the structure - Function relationship.

This study investigated the relationship between pea protein isolates (PPI) emulsifying properties and their structural, interfacial, and physicochemical characteristics at various pH values (native pH, 7, 5, and 3). Emulsion characteristics including emulsifying activity and stability, droplet size, flocculation index (FI) and coalescence index (CI) were examined. Additionally, physicochemical properties such as solubility, zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, interfacial protein adsorption and protein conformation were analyzed.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Proteus Syndrome: About a Case.

Proteus syndrome (PS) is a rare disorder (< 1/1000000), marked by progressive overgrowth commonly impacting the skeleton, skin, adipose tissue, and central nervous system. Clinical criteria were established in 2019. PS arises from a somatic activating variation in the AKT1 gene.