Using incident reports to diagnose communication challenges for precision intervention in learning health systems: A methods paper.

Introduction: Poor communication is a leading root cause of preventable maternal mortality in the United States. Communication challenges are compounded with the presence of biases, including racism. Hospital administrators and clinicians are often aware that communication is a problem, but understanding where to intervene can be difficult to determine.

Human Milk Feeding and Direct Breastfeeding Improve Outcomes for Infants With Single Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease: Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of the NPC-QIC Registry.

Background Infants with single ventricle congenital heart disease undergo 3 staged surgeries/interventions, with risk for morbidity and mortality. We estimated the effect of human milk (HM) and direct breastfeeding on outcomes including necrotizing enterocolitis, infection-related complications, length of stay, and mortality. Methods and Results We analyzed the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC) registry (2016-2021), examining HM/breastfeeding groups during stage 1 and stage 2 palliations.

An integrative review of measures of transitions and care coordination for persons living with dementia and their caregivers.

Introduction: High rates of hospital visits and readmissions are common among persons living with dementia, resulting in frequent transitions in care and care coordination. This paper identifies and evaluates existing measures of transitions and care coordination for persons living with dementia and their caregivers.

Methods: This integrative review builds off a prior review using a systematic search of online databases (PubMed, EBSCO, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Scopus) to identify records and locate reports (or articles) that use measures of care transitions and care coordination.

A call to address structural barriers to Hispanic/Latino representation in clinical trials on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: A micro-meso-macro perspective.

Introduction: This perspective paper addresses the US Hispanic/Latino (herein, Latino) experience with regards to a significant public health concern-the underrepresentation of Latino persons in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) clinical trials. Latino individuals are at increased risk for AD/ADRD, experience higher disease burden, and low receipt of care and services. We present a novel theoretical framework-the Micro-Meso-Macro Framework for Diversifying AD/ADRD Trial Recruitment-which considers multi-level barriers and their impact on Latino trial recruitment.

Cognitive dysfunction and the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire.

Introduction: Visual function and cognitive impairment are interrelated; however, little is known about the impact of modifying treatable vision impairment on the development of cognitive dysfunction. This study examines the relationship between cognition and self-reported visual function using the National Eye Institute's Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ).

Methods: Participants completed the NEI VFQ 25-Item questionnaire as well as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Neighborhood Blighted Property Removal and 311 Calls for Non-Emergency Services: A Test of a Marker of Social Control.

Many studies have demonstrated that collective efficacy is associated with positive health outcomes, lower crime, and violence in urban communities, and residents' emotional connection to their community. Remediation of blighted properties has been theoretically linked to increases in collective efficacy. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of blighted property remediation on city non-emergency 311 calls for public incivilities and deterioration, as potential markers of collective efficacy.

Effect of Posting on Social Media on Systolic Blood Pressure and Management of Hypertension: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background Online platforms are used to manage aspects of our lives including health outside clinical settings. Little is known about the effectiveness of using online platforms to manage hypertension. We assessed effects of tweeting/retweeting cardiovascular health content by individuals with poorly controlled hypertension on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and patient activation.

Vaccipack, A Mobile App to Promote Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake Among Adolescents Aged 11 to 14 Years: Development and Usability Study.

Background: More than 90% of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers could be prevented by widespread uptake of the HPV vaccine, yet vaccine use in the United States falls short of public health goals.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the development, acceptability, and intention to use the mobile app Vaccipack, which was designed to promote uptake and completion of the adolescent HPV vaccine series.

Methods: Development of the mobile health (mHealth) content was based on the integrated behavioral model (IBM).

Optimizing a decision support system for damage-control resuscitation using mixed methods human factors analysis.

Background: Damage-control resuscitation (DCR) improves trauma survival; however, consistent adherence to DCR principles through multiple phases of care has proven challenging. Clinical decision support may improve adherence to DCR principles. In this study, we designed and evaluated a DCR decision support system using an iterative development and human factors testing approach.

An Integrative Review of the Role of Palliative Care in Lung Transplantation.

Background: Lung transplant patients experience significant physical symptoms and psychological stress that affect their quality of life. Palliative care is an interdisciplinary specialty associated with improved symptom management and enhanced quality of life. Little, however, is known about the palliative care needs of lung transplant patients and the role it plays in their care.

Association of a Home Monitoring Program With Interstage and Stage 2 Outcomes.

Background In shunt-dependent, single-ventricle patients, mortality remains high in the interstage period between discharge after neonatal surgery and stage 2 operation. We sought to evaluate the impact of our infant single-ventricle management and monitoring program ( ISVMP ) on interstage mortality and stage 2 outcomes. Methods and Results This retrospective single-center cohort study compared patients enrolled in ISVMP at hospital discharge with historical controls.

Attenuated Listeria monocytogenes: a powerful and versatile vector for the future of tumor immunotherapy.

For over a century, inactivated or attenuated bacteria have been employed in the clinic as immunotherapies to treat cancer, starting with the Coley's vaccines in the 19th century and leading to the currently approved bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine for bladder cancer. While effective, the inflammation induced by these therapies is transient and not designed to induce long-lasting tumor-specific cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses that have proven so adept at eradicating tumors. Therefore, in order to maintain the benefits of bacteria-induced acute inflammation but gain long-lasting anti-tumor immunity, many groups have constructed recombinant bacteria expressing tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) for the purpose of activating tumor-specific CTLs.

Settings of Care within Hospice: New Options and Questions about Dying "At Home".

Although place of death has been routinely studied in end-of-life (EOL) care, more analysis on place of death within hospice is needed because of the recent, dramatic rise in the number of hospice patients dying in inpatient settings. Using a case study to illustrate the complexity of determinants of place of death within hospice, this article highlights important known factors and elucidate gaps for further research. Individual and system level factors, sociocultural meanings, caregiving and preferences are shown to have important implications.

Nursing care and patient outcomes: international evidence.

Countries across the globe are experiencing nursing shortages. In hospitals, supportive practice environments have positive effects on both nurse and patient outcomes. However, these relationships have been established primarily in the US.

Dirty hands: the underside of marketplace health care.

The ethos of the corporation and the urgency for profit maximization place pressures on health care corporations to act in a way that may be incompatible with ethical practice. Profit-driven incentives often result in corporate deviance and criminal behavior. Nurses may be pressured to go along with schemes that may be unethical or illegal and because of shaky job markets may be unable to adhere to professional ethical guidelines.

Serial rapists and their victims: reenactment and repetition.

The major finding in this study of 41 serial rapists is the large numbers of reported and unreported victims. For over 1200 attempted and completed rapes, there were 200 convictions. The hidden rapes or earliest nonreported victims of these men as boys and adolescents were identified from their families, their neighborhood, and their schools.