Tumor stiffening reversion through collagen crosslinking inhibition improves T cell migration and anti-PD-1 treatment.

Only a fraction of cancer patients benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors. This may be partly due to the dense extracellular matrix (ECM) that forms a barrier for T cells. Comparing five preclinical mouse tumor models with heterogeneous tumor microenvironments, we aimed to relate the rate of tumor stiffening with the remodeling of ECM architecture and to determine how these features affect intratumoral T cell migration.

A Novel Spread Spectrum and Clustering Mixed Approach with Network Coding for Enhanced Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) Scalability.

The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a very promising licensed Internet of things (IoT) technology for accommodating massive device connections in 5G and beyond. To enable network scalability, this study proposes a two-layers novel mixed approach that aims not only to create an efficient spectrum sharing among the many NB-IoT devices but also provides an energy-efficient network. On one layer, the approach uses an Adaptive Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (AFHSS) technique that uses a lightweight and secure pseudo-random sequence to exploit the channel diversity, to mitigate inter-link and cross-technology interference.

An Energy-Efficient and Adaptive Channel Coding Approach for Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) Systems.

Most of the current research work on the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is focused on enhancing its network coverage. Many of the existing NB-IoT channel coding techniques are based on repeating transmission data and control signals as a way of enhancing the network's reliability and therefore, enabling long-distance transmissions. Although most of these efforts are made at the expense of reducing the energy consumption of the NB-IoT network, they do not always consider the channel conditions.

Comparison of Nodal Target Volume Definition in Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy According to RTOG Versus ESTRO Atlases: A Practical Review From the TransAtlantic Radiation Oncology Network (TRONE).

Regional nodal irradiation has gained interest in recent years with the publication of several important randomized trials and the availability of more conformal techniques. Target volume delineation represents a critical step in the radiation planning process. Adequate coverage of the microscopic tumor spread to regional lymph nodes must be weighed against exposure of critical structures such as the heart and lungs.

Safety profile of subcutaneous trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer: The French HERmione non-interventional prospective study.

Objectives: HERmione study was conducted to assess, in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer (eBC), the safety profile of subcutaneous (SC) formulation of trastuzumab in real-life in France.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, non-interventional study included 511 patients planned to be treated in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings with a follow-up of 12 months maximum in 101 sites. The safety analyses concerned 505 patients.

Clinical Outcomes of Head and Neck Cancer Patients Who Undergo Resection, But Forgo Adjuvant Therapy.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who underwent resection and refused the recommended adjuvant therapy.

Patients And Methods: Locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRRFS) and time to progression (TTP) were assessed in HNSCC patients treated with surgery who declined some or all adjuvant therapy (refusal group (RG)) compared to those who received the recommended adjuvant therapy (TG).

Results: With a median follow-up of 23 months, the 2-year LRRFS was significantly lower in the 17 patients from the RG compared to the 152 patients from the TG: 23.

Weibel-Palade Bodies Orchestrate Pericytes During Angiogenesis.

Objective Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are endothelial cell (EC)-specific organelles formed by vWF (von Willebrand factor) polymerization and that contain the proangiogenic factor Ang-2 (angiopoietin-2). WPB exocytosis has been shown to be implicated for vascular repair and inflammatory responses. Here, we investigate the role of WPBs during angiogenesis and vessel stabilization.

Primary extranodal lymphoma of the glands. Literature review and options for best practice in 2019.

Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (EN-NHL) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies that involve numerous entities with significant difference in terms of tumor site locations, prognostic factors, biology expression, and therapeutic options. In the literature, many EN-NHL types were reported from limited series which only allowed narrow views for elucidating prognostic factors and defining the role of loco-regional therapies in the era of new systemic and biologically targeted therapies. The Rare Cancer Network (RCN), an international multidisciplinary consortium, has published a number of reports on several EN-NHL sites which included many gland locations.

Data-Driven Based Approach to Aid Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis.

This article presents a machine learning methodology for diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) based on the use of vertical Ground Reaction Forces (vGRFs) data collected from the gait cycle. A classification engine assigns subjects to healthy or Parkinsonian classes. The diagnosis process involves four steps: data pre-processing, feature extraction and selection, data classification and performance evaluation.

Ionizing radiation-induced cellular senescence promotes tissue fibrosis after radiotherapy. A review.

Ionizing radiation-exposure induces a variety of cellular reactions, such as senescence and apoptosis. Senescence is a permanent arrest state of the cell division, which can be beneficial or detrimental for normal tissue via an inflammatory response and senescence-associated secretion phenotype. Damage to healthy cells and their microenvironment is considered as an important source of early and late complications with an increased risk of morbidity in patients after radiotherapy (RT).

Local and Regional Breast Cancer Recurrences: Salvage Therapy Options in the New Era of Molecular Subtypes.

Isolated local or regional recurrence of breast cancer (BC) leads to an increased risk of metastases and decreased survival. Ipsilateral breast recurrence can occur at the initial tumor bed or in another quadrant of the breast. Depending on tumor patterns and molecular subtypes, the risk and time to onset of metastatic recurrence differs.

Discrepancies between biomarkers of primary breast cancer and subsequent brain metastases: an international multicenter study.

Purpose: Discordances between the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), expression between primary breast tumors and their subsequent brain metastases (BM) were investigated in breast cancer patients.

Methods: We collected retrospective data from 11 institutions in 8 countries in a predefined-standardized format. Receptor status (positive or negative) was determined according to institutional guidelines (immunohistochemically and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization).

Early onset breast cancer: differences in risk factors, tumor phenotype, and genotype between North African and South European women.

Purpose: This report compares the risk factors, the tumor phenotypes, and the BRCA1/BRCA2 genotype of early onset breast cancer (EOBC) patients between Southern Europe and North Africa.

Methods: Four hundred and fifty six women with invasive EOBC (≤40 years) were prospectively included from four centers in France (n = 270) and four centers in North Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia; n = 186). Life style, tumor phenotype, familial history, BRCA1/BRCA2 genotype were compared between the two populations.

Adaptive Radiotherapy for an Uncommon Chloroma.

Granulocytic sarcomas, also referred to as chloromas or myeloid sarcomas, are extramedullary neoplasms that are composed of immature myeloid cells. This uncommon disease is known to be radiosensitive. However, the total dose and dose per fraction are not standardized.

Role of radiation therapy in melanomas: Systematic review and best practice in 2016.

Radiotherapy has been used for skin cancers since early after the discovery of X-rays. The introduction of sophisticated surgery techniques and information of the general population on potential late radiation-induced toxicity and carcinogenesis have led to limiting indications in the dermatologist community. However, radiotherapy (RT) has undergone considerable developments, essentially including technological advances, to sculpt radiation delivery, with demonstration of the benefit either alone or after adding concomitant cytotoxic agents or targeted therapies.

Physical Human Activity Recognition Using Wearable Sensors.

This paper presents a review of different classification techniques used to recognize human activities from wearable inertial sensor data. Three inertial sensor units were used in this study and were worn by healthy subjects at key points of upper/lower body limbs (chest, right thigh and left ankle). Three main steps describe the activity recognition process: sensors' placement, data pre-processing and data classification.