Identifying Fraudulent Responses in a Study Exploring Delivery Options for Pregnancies Impacted by Gestational Diabetes: Lessons Learned From a Web-Based Survey.

Current literature is unclear on the safety and optimal timing of delivery for pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus, which inspired our study team to conduct a web-based survey study exploring patient and provider opinions on delivery options. However, an incident of fraudulent activity with survey responses prompted a shift in the focus of the research project. Unfortunately, despite the significant rise of web-based surveys used in medical research, there remains very limited evidence on the implications of and optimal methods to handle fraudulent web-based survey responses.

Crossing the streams: Improving data quality and integration across the One Health genomics continuum with data standards and implementation strategies.

The Canadian Genomics Research and Development Initiative for Antimicrobial Resistance (GRDI-AMR) uses a genomics-based approach to understand how health care, food production and the environment contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Integrating genomics contextual data streams across the One Health continuum is challenging because of the diversity in data scope, content and structure. To better enable data harmonization for analyses, a contextual data standard was developed.

Effects of Infant Formula Supplemented With Prebiotics on the Gut Microbiome, Gut Environment, Growth Parameters, and Safety and Tolerance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Context: Prebiotics are often added to infant formulas to mimic the benefits of oligosaccharides found in human milk.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of prebiotic-supplemented cow's milk-based formula on the gut microbiota, gut environment, growth parameters, and safety and tolerance in infants ≤6 months old, compared with a standard formula or human milk comparator.

Data Sources: Searches were performed in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses databases.

Comparing General Anesthesia-Based Regimens for Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)-based and volatile-based general anesthesia have different effects on cerebral hemodynamics. The current work compares these 2 regimens in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular therapy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search across MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus.

Are adolescents who do physical activity with their parents more active and mentally healthier?

Background: Adolescents who engage in physical activity experience positive mental health outcomes. However, the increasing prevalence of physical inactivity combined with high screen time use among adolescents is a growing concern. Parents play an important role in shaping adolescents' physical activity and screen time levels through active participation and involvement.

Light quality affects chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic performance in Antarctic Chlamydomonas.

The perennially ice-covered Lake Bonney in Antarctica has been deemed a natural laboratory for studying life at the extreme. Photosynthetic algae dominate the lake food webs and are adapted to a multitude of extreme conditions including perpetual shading even at the height of the austral summer. Here we examine how the unique light environment in Lake Bonney influences the physiology of two Chlamydomonas species.

Navigating HPV Vaccination: a Qualitative Study on Chinese Women's Decision-Making Experiences.

This qualitative study explores the decision experiences of adult women regarding HPV vaccination, highlighting their decision needs, outcomes, and expected support. A qualitative descriptive study design was used. A semi-structured interview guide based on the Ottawa Decision Support Framework (ODSF) was used to interview Chinese women (aged 18 to 45).

Appendectomy and the risk of microscopic colitis - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC), a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder characterised by persistent watery diarrhoea, is categorised into collagenous and lymphocytic subtypes. Recent studies suggest that appendectomy influences the risk of MC, although the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis of available research was conducted to clarify the relationship between appendectomy and MC risk.

Mortality-related risk factors of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has high mortality and poor prognosis, which brings enormous burdens to families and society. We conducted this meta-analysis to analyze and summarize the risk factors associated with mortality in IPF, hoping to provide reference for clinical prevention and treatment of IPF.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to August 10, 2023, to include cohort studies on mortality in patients with IPF.

The Psychological Impact of Amblyopia Treatment: A Systematic Literature Review.

Aim: The aim of this literature review was to determine if a consensus could be reached on whether amblyopia treatment causes distress to patients and/or their guardians, and if so, establish the impact of this reported psychological distress upon paediatric patients and/or their parents/guardians.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted of all publications written in English. Search terms included both MeSH terms and alternatives related to amblyopia and psychological distress.

Patient Perspectives of "Failure" in Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Literature: Points de vue des patients sur les «échecs» de la reconstruction mammaire: Revue systématique des publications sur l'aspect qualitatif.

The concept of in breast reconstruction can occur when negative outcomes dominate the patient experience. The primary objective of this review was to identify experiences of in breast reconstruction from the patient's perspective in the qualitative literature. MEDLINE, Embase, Psychinfo, Emcare, and CINAHL were searched on July 31, 2023 using terms related to breast reconstruction and qualitative research.

Brain penetration of peripheral extracellular vesicles from Alzheimer's patients and induction of microglia activation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative pathology. Brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been demonstrated to be implicated in AD pathogenesis by facilitating the propagation of Tau, amyloid-β and inflammatory cytokines. However, the impact of peripheral EVs (pEVs) in AD pathogenesis remains poorly investigated.

Methods for data extraction and data transformation in convergent integrated mixed methods systematic reviews.

Objective: The objective of this guidance paper is to describe data transformation involving qualitization, including when and how to undertake this process, and to clarify how it aligns with data extraction in order to expand on the current guidance for JBI convergent integrated mixed methods systematic reviews (MMSRs).

Introduction: The convergent integrated approach to MMSRs involves combining extracted data from both quantitative studies (including the quantitative components of mixed methods studies) and qualitative studies (including the qualitative components of mixed methods studies). This process requires data transformation, which can occur either by converting qualitative data into quantitative data (ie, quantitizing) or converting quantitative data into qualitative data (ie, qualitizing).

Update to the PRISMA guidelines for network meta-analyses and scoping reviews and development of guidelines for rapid reviews: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to develop a list of items for potential inclusion in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines for network meta-analysis (NMA), scoping reviews (ScRs), and rapid reviews (RRs).

Introduction: The PRISMA extensions for NMA and ScRs were published in 2015 and 2018. However, since then, their methodologies and innovations, including automation, have evolved.

Comparison of ovarian reserve after laparoscopic cystectomy in patients with ovarian endometriosis differ in cyst size: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Whether cyst size affects ovarian reserve before and after surgery remains controversial.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine whether cyst size causes differences in pre- and post-ovarian reserve impairment among patients with endometrioma.

Search Strategy: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from inception to October 13, 2023.

Adult Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of Patients with Huntington's and Parkinson's Diseases and following Long-Term Treatment with Deep Brain Stimulation.

Objective: Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases are characterized by progressive neuronal loss. Previous studies using human postmortem tissues have shown the impact of neurodegenerative disorders on adult neurogenesis. The extent to which adult neural stem cells are activated in the subventricular zone and whether therapeutic treatments such as deep brain stimulation promote adult neurogenesis remains unclear.

Effect of A-DNA and B-DNA Conformation on the Interplay between Local Excitations and Charge-Transfer States in the Ultrafast Decay of Guanine-Cytosine Stacked Dimers: A Quantum Dynamical Investigation.

We here simulate in the gas phase the population dynamics of guanine/cytosine (GC) and cytosine/guanine (CG) stacked dimers in B-DNA and A-DNA arrangement, following excitation in the lowest-energy band, and considering the four lowest-energy ππ* bright excited states, the three lowest-energy π* states, and the G → C charge-transfer (CT) state. We resort to a generalized Linear Vibronic Coupling (LVC) model parametrized with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) computations, exploiting a fragment-based diabatization and we run nonadiabatic quantum dynamical simulations with the multilayer version of the Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) approach. G → C CT results in a major decay process for GC in B-DNA but less in A-DNA arrangement, where also the population transfer to the lowest-energy excited state localized on C is an important intermonomer process.

Effectiveness of exercise on sarcopenia in HIV patients: a systematic review of current literature.

Exercise is vital in managing sarcopenia in people living with HIV (PLWH). This study explores the role of exercise in reducing sarcopenia in HIV patients. A systematic search of electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identifed relevant articles published in English up to April 2024.

Outdoor air pollution exposure and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic umbrella review and meta-analysis.

The association between different air pollutants and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing topic of interest in public health research. This umbrella review and meta-analysis aimed to consolidate current literature on the association between various outdoor air pollutants and T2DM. Subgroups and dose-response relationships were also analyzed to further quantify the association, especially by the factors such as the type of pollutants, duration of exposure, and geographical variation, etc.

Evaluating Variability in Decision-Making Among Spine Surgeons Treating Adult Spine Deformity.

Background Context: Significant variability in the management of Adult Spinal Deformity (ASD) has been observed among spine surgeons worldwide. The variability among Canadian spine surgeons, a country with universal public healthcare, remains unknown.

Purpose: The study aims to evaluate areas of variability in the peri-operative optimization and surgical management of ASD among Canadian spine surgeons.