Myoclonus After Cardiac Arrest: Need for Standardization-A Systematic Review and Research Proposal on Terminology.

Objectives: Although myoclonus less than or equal to 72 hours after cardiac arrest (CA) is often viewed as a single entity, there is considerable heterogeneity in its clinical and electrophysiology characteristics, and its strength of association with outcome. We reviewed definitions, electroencephalogram, and outcome of myoclonus post-CA to assess the need for consensus and the potential role of electroencephalogram for further research.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases.

The MyGuide Web-Based Self-Management Tool for Concussion Rehabilitation: Mixed Methods Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Web-based concussion self-management education programs for adolescents can improve functional outcomes, reduce concussion symptoms, and increase self-efficacy. However, there are a limited number of studies examining the perceptions and acceptance of these programs and the use of these tools in the adult concussion population.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and acceptance of clinicians and adults with concussions using MyGuide Concussion (Vancouver Coastal Health), a web-based concussion self-management tool.

The influence of thermal and hypoxia induced habitat compression on walleye (Sander vitreus) movements in a temperate lake.

Background: Globally, temperate lakes are experiencing increases in surface water temperatures, extended periods of summer stratification, and decreases of both surface and deep water dissolved oxygen (DO). The distribution of fish is influenced by a variety of factors, but water temperature and dissolved oxygen are known to be particularly constraining such that with climate change, fish will likely feel the "squeeze" from above and below.

Methods: This study used acoustic telemetry to explore the effects of both thermal stratification and the deoxygenation of the hypolimnion on walleye (Sander vitreus) movements in a coastal embayment in Lake Ontario.

Development and usability testing of a multifaceted intervention to reduce low-value injury care.

Background: Multifaceted interventions that address barriers and facilitators have been shown to be most effective for increasing the adoption of high-value care, but there is a knowledge gap on this type of intervention for the de-implementation of low-value care. Trauma is a high-risk setting for low-value care, such as unnecessary diagnostic imaging and the use of specialized resources. The aim of our study was to develop and assess the usability of a multifaceted intervention to reduce low-value injury care.

Economic Burden and Cost-Effectiveness of Management of Non-Infectious Uveitis: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To evaluate the economic burden and cost-effectiveness of interventions and management of non-infectious uveitis (NIU).

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases from inception to March 2023. Risk of bias assessments were conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.

Publisher and journal reciprocity for peer review: Not so much.

Peer reviewers provide a critical role in helping journals keep publishing. To understand the rewards and incentives offered to peer reviewers, we assessed what journals/publishers offered to one peer reviewer in biomedicine over a 1-month period (June 2023). After receiving 88 peer reviewer invitations, we noted that incentives were minimal.

CAR/CSAR Practice Statement on Pelvic MRI for Endometriosis.

The Canadian Association of Radiologists (CAR) Endometriosis Working Group was tasked with providing guidance and benchmarks to ensure the quality of technique and interpretation for advanced imaging modalities associated with diagnosing endometriosis. Advanced pelvic ultrasound is essential in diagnosing and mapping pelvic endometriosis, but pelvic MRI serves as an excellent imaging tool in instances where access to advanced ultrasound is limited, or an alternative imaging modality is required. Despite the known utility of MRI for endometriosis, there is no consensus on imaging protocol and patient preparation in Canada.

MAGPIE: A Machine Learning Approach to Decipher Protein-Protein Interactions in Human Plasma.

Immunoprecipitation coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (IP-MS/MS) methods is often used to identify protein-protein interactions (PPIs). While these approaches are prone to false positive identifications through contamination and antibody nonspecific binding, their results can be filtered using negative controls and computational modeling. However, such filtering does not effectively detect false-positive interactions when IP-MS/MS is performed on human plasma samples.

Brentuximab Vedotin Combination for Relapsed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Purpose: In patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), brentuximab vedotin (BV) as monotherapy or combined with either lenalidomide (Len) or rituximab (R) has demonstrated efficacy with acceptable safety. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of BV + Len + R versus placebo + Len + R in patients with R/R DLBCL.

Methods: ECHELON-3 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase 3 trial comparing BV + Len + R with placebo + Len + R in patients with R/R DLBCL.

Bosniak Classification of Cystic Renal Masses Version 2019: Proportion of Malignancy by Class and Subclass-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Bosniak classification version 2019 (v2019) was a major revision to version 2005 (v2005) that defined cystic renal mass subclasses based on wall or septa features. To determine the proportion of malignancy within cystic renal masses stratified by Bosniak classification v2019 class and feature-based subclass. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched on July 24, 2023 for studies published in 2019 or later that reported cystic renal masses that underwent renal-mass CT or MRI, were assessed using Bosniak v2019, and had a reference standard (histopathology indicating benignity or malignancy or ≥5-year imaging follow-up indicating benignity).

Prefrontal cortex neuronal ensembles dynamically encode task features during associative memory and virtual navigation.

Neuronal populations expand their information-encoding capacity using mixed selective neurons. This is particularly prominent in association areas such as the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), which integrate information from multiple sensory systems. However, during conditions that approximate natural behaviors, it is unclear how LPFC neuronal ensembles process space- and time-varying information about task features.

Rectangular Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Monophasic vs Biphasic Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Objectives: Biphasic sinusoidal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation treatment that has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Recent advances suggest that standard rTMS may be improved by altering the pulse shape; however, there is a paucity of research investigating pulse shape, owing primarily to the technologic limitations of currently available devices. This pilot study examined the feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of biphasic and monophasic rectangular rTMS for TRD.

Understanding Perceptions of Hepatitis C and Its Management Among People with Experience of Incarceration in Quebec, Canada: A Qualitative Study Guided by the Common Sense Self-Regulation Model.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) disproportionately affects certain sub-populations, including people with experience of incarceration (PWEI). Little is known about how perceptions of HCV and treatment have changed despite simplifications in testing and treatment in carceral settings. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with people living with or having a history of HCV infection released from Quebec provincial prison.

miR-24-3p Is Antiviral Against SARS-CoV-2 by Downregulating Critical Host Entry Factors.

Despite all the progress in treating SARS-CoV-2, escape mutants to current therapies remain a constant concern. Promising alternative treatments for current and future coronaviruses are those that limit escape mutants by inhibiting multiple pathogenic targets, analogous to the current strategies for treating HCV and HIV. With increasing popularity and ease of manufacturing of RNA technologies for vaccines and drugs, therapeutic microRNAs represent a promising option.

Real-Time Freezing of Gait Prediction and Detection in Parkinson's Disease.

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a walking disturbance that can lead to postural instability, falling, and decreased mobility in people with Parkinson's disease. This research used machine learning to predict and detect FOG episodes from plantar-pressure data and compared the performance of decision tree ensemble classifiers when trained on three different datasets. Dataset 1 ( = 11) was collected in a previous study.

Game-Theoretic Motion Planning with Perception Uncertainty and Right-of-Way Constraints.

This paper addresses two challenges in AV motion planning: adherence to right-of-way and handling uncertainties, using two game-theoretic frameworks, namely Stackelberg and Nash Bayesian (Bayesian). By modeling the interactions between road users as a hierarchical relationship, the proposed approach enables the AV to strategically optimize its trajectory while considering the actions and priorities of other road users. Additionally, the Bayesian equilibrium aspect of the framework incorporates probabilistic beliefs and updates them based on sensor measurements, allowing the AV to make informed decisions in the presence of uncertainty in the sensory system.

Correlation Between West Nile Virus and Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

Background: West Nile Virus [WNV] is a mosquito-borne flavivirus. It has spread globally, causing asymptomatic to severe neurological diseases in humans, with an increased risk in older adults and those with underlying conditions. This review examines WNV's impact on pregnancy, focusing on maternal and neonatal symptoms and risks.

Cost-Effective Bioimpedance Spectroscopy System for Monitoring Syncytialization In Vitro: Experimental and Numerical Validation of BeWo Cell Fusion.

The placenta plays a critical role in nutrient and oxygen exchange during pregnancy, yet the effects of medicinal drugs on this selective barrier remain poorly understood. To overcome this, this study presents a cost-effective bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) system to assess tight junction integrity and monolayer formation in BeWo b30 cells, a widely used model of the multinucleated maternal-fetal exchange surface of the placental barrier. Cells were cultured on collagen-coated porous membranes and treated with forskolin to induce controlled syncytialization.

Circulating Brain-Reactive Autoantibody Profiles in Military Breachers Exposed to Repetitive Occupational Blast.

Military breachers are routinely exposed to repetitive low-level blast overpressure, placing them at elevated risk for long-term neurological sequelae. Mounting evidence suggests that circulating brain-reactive autoantibodies, generated following CNS injury, may serve as both biomarkers of cumulative damage and drivers of secondary neuroinflammation. In this study, we compared circulating autoantibody profiles in military breachers ( = 18) with extensive blast exposure against unexposed military controls ( = 19).

MRI-PDFF Assessment of Intrahepatic Fat Changes Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Literature Review.

: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent among obese individuals and can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Bariatric surgery is known to induce significant weight loss and may improve NAFLD. This systematic review uniquely synthesizes current evidence on the effects of bariatric surgery on intrahepatic fat content, measured by magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF), and assesses study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams-Evidence of Benefits? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Venous thromboembolisms constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality with 60,000 to 100,000 deaths attributed to pulmonary embolism in the US annually. Both clinical presentations and treatment strategies can vary greatly, and the selection of an appropriate therapeutic strategy is often provider specific. A pulmonary embolism response team (PERT) offers a multidisciplinary approach to clinical decision making and the management of high-risk pulmonary emboli.

MicroRNA, Myostatin, and Metabolic Rate Depression: Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Resistance in Hibernating .

Little brown bats () cluster in hibernacula sites over winter, in which they use metabolic rate depression (MRD) to facilitate entrance and exit of hibernation. This study used small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses to identify differentially regulated microRNAs (miRNAs) and to predict their downstream effects on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) terms in the skeletal muscle of torpid as compared to euthermic controls. We observed a subset of ten miRNAs whose expression changed during hibernation, with predicted functional roles linked to cell cycle processes, downregulation of protein degradation via ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, downregulation of signaling pathways, including MAPK, p53, mTOR, and TGFβ, and downregulation of cytoskeletal and vesicle trafficking terms.

ALDH Breast Cancer Stem Cells Exhibit a Mesenchymal-Senescent Hybrid Phenotype, with Elevated Metabolic and Migratory Activities.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) account for 0.01 to 2% of the total tumor mass; however, they play a key role in tumor progression, metastasis and resistance to current cancer therapies. The generation and maintenance of CSCs are usually linked to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a dynamic process involved in reprogramming cancer cells towards a more aggressive and motile phenotype with increased stemness potential.

Neurocognitive Profile and Associated Factors Among Children Affected by Sickle Cell Disease in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/objectives: Understanding the neurocognitive profile of children with sickle cell disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo is essential, as this condition can significantly affect their development. Our study aims to assess these children's neurocognitive and developmental profiles and identify related factors.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 287 children, aged 0 to 68 months, using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Gensini Gavito Scale.