What Do Mothers Know About Nutrition? Impacts on Childhood Nutrition Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Introduction: Globally, the prevalence of undernutrition is highest in the sub-Saharan African region with over a third of the world's stunted children residing in this region. Many studies have explored child nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, but they often overlook the intricate nuances of maternal knowledge. We examined the association between maternal nutritional knowledge and childhood nutritional outcomes.

Re-thinking the link between exposure to mercury and blood pressure.

Hypertension or high blood pressure (BP) is a prevalent and manageable chronic condition which is a significant contributor to the total global disease burden. Environmental chemicals, including mercury (Hg), may contribute to hypertension onset and development. Hg is a global health concern, listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a top ten chemical of public health concern.

Wolves Among Sheep: Sexual Violations in Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.

The integration of psychedelic substances into modern Western therapeutic practice has sparked a critical examination of many topics including: efficacy of psychedelics to treat mental health diagnoses without psychotherapeutic intervention, what models of therapy to use, and ethical implications related to altered states of consciousness. Of utmost concern are issues of power dynamics leading to incidents of sexual abuse. These issues underscore the importance of understanding therapeutic dynamics within the context of psychedelic-assisted therapy.

Impacts of β-diketonate terminal ligands on slow magnetic relaxation and luminescence thermometry in dinuclear Dy single-molecule magnets.

Lanthanide-based Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) with optical and magnetic properties provide a means to understand intrinsic energy levels of 4f ions and their influence on optical and magnetic behaviour. Fundamental understanding of their luminescent and slow relaxation of the magnetization behaviour is critical for targeting and designing SMMs with multiple functionalities. Herein, we seek to investigate the role of Dy coordination environment and fine electronic structure on the slow magnetic relaxation and luminescence thermometry.

Urban air pollution and child neurodevelopmental conditions: a systematic bibliometric review.

Purpose Of Review: Using advanced bibliometric analysis, we systematically mapped the most current literature on urban air pollution and neurodevelopmental conditions to identify key patterns and associations. Here, we review the findings from the broader literature by discussing a distilled, validated subset of 44 representative studies.

Recent Findings: Literature highlights a complex relationship between environmental toxins, neurodevelopmental disorders in children, and neurobehavioral pathways involving oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and protein aggregation.

Investigation of the Mesencephalic Astrocyte Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway in Mood Disorders.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with impaired cellular resilience. Recent studies have shown abnormalities in the unfolded protein response (UPR) in BD. The UPR is the cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

Profiles and predictors of child neurodevelopment and anthropometry: The maternal-infant research on environmental chemicals study.

Background: Evaluating individual health outcomes does not capture co-morbidities children experience.

Purpose: We aimed to describe profiles of child neurodevelopment and anthropometry and identify their predictors.

Methods: Using data from 501 mother-child pairs (age 3-years) in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a prospective cohort study, we developed phenotypic profiles by applying latent profile analysis to twelve neurodevelopmental and anthropometric traits.

Evaluation of Real-World Evidence to Assess Effectiveness Outcomes of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review of US Studies.

Objective: This review summarized the real-world effectiveness outcomes of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on observational studies.

Methods: A systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines, with searches conducted in PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL from each database's inception to June 2, 2023. Studies were included if they evaluated real-world effectiveness outcomes of JAKi for US RA patients.

Selective modal excitation in a multimode nanoslit by interference of surface plasmon waves.

Interference of surface plasmons has been widely utilized in optical metrology for applications such as high-precision sensing. In this paper, we introduce a surface plasmon interferometer with the potential to be arranged in arrays for parallel multiplexing applications. The interferometer features two grating couplers that excite surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves traveling along a gold-air interface before converging at a gold nanoslit where they interfere.

Identifying biomarker-driven subphenotypes of cardiogenic shock: analysis of prospective cohorts and randomized controlled trials.

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome, making it challenging to predict patient trajectory and response to treatment. This study aims to identify biological/molecular CS subphenotypes, evaluate their association with outcome, and explore their impact on heterogeneity of treatment effect (ShockCO-OP, NCT06376318).

Methods: We used unsupervised clustering to integrate plasma biomarker data from two prospective cohorts of CS patients: CardShock (N = 205 [2010-2012, NCT01374867]) and the French and European Outcome reGistry in Intensive Care Units (FROG-ICU) (N = 228 [2011-2013, NCT01367093]) to determine the optimal number of classes.

Experimental investigations of colloid-associated metal mobility in mine-impacted wetland sediment.

Metal mining operations can release toxic metals to surrounding environments where site-specific conditions control the movement of contaminants. Colloid-facilitated transport, the transport of contaminants with small, mobile particles, has been recognized as a potential contaminant transport vector in groundwater, but it remains unclear under what conditions it is important and whether neutral, metal-rich mine drainage from legacy mining impacts this transport vector. This work presents a set of laboratory column experiments that study the effect of colloids on metal mobility in saturated, wetland sediment that has been receiving neutral mine drainage for nearly a century, using mixed and single metal input solutions at neutral pH.

Clinical outcomes of roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus medical therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The growing incidence of obesity has led to a proportionate rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications. We aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass surgery (RYGB) and conventional medical management in T2DM obese patients.

Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrial.

Impact of obesity on outcome in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada: A report from Cancer in Young People in Canada.

Background: Childhood obesity can result in adverse health outcomes. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of obesity and determine the association between obesity at cancer diagnosis and event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in children diagnosed with cancer in Canada.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Cancer in Young People in Canada database, including all children with newly diagnosed cancer aged 2-18 years across Canada from 2001 to 2020.

Temporomandibular disorders in migraine and tension-type headache patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

The simultaneous occurrence of primary headaches and temporomandibular disorders can pose a challenge in determining the best clinical management of patients. Therefore, we aimed to summarize evidence regarding the risk and prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in migraine and tension-type headaches (TTH) patients. Cross-sectional studies published in English comparing the presence of TMDs in adults with TTH or migraine to subjects without headaches were included, International Classification of Orofacial Pain, Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders or Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders, and large epidemiological studies (sensitive diagnostic criteria (SDC)).

[Prognostic Value of STMN1 Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-analysis].

Background: Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, seriously threatening human health. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for more than 85% of all lung cancer cases. STMN1 is a microtubule depolymerizing protein widely present in the cytoplasm and its expression level is associated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients.

The impact of hypertension prevention and modification on dementia burden: A systematic review of economic studies.

Aim: Neurological disorders account for the largest proportion of disability-adjusted life years globally, with dementia being the third leading cause. Hypertension has been identified as a priority, targetable risk factor for dementia. This study aimed to systematically review economic studies that examine the impact of hypertension prevention and control on the costs and outcomes of dementia.

Blarcamesine for the treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease: Results from the ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 Phase IIB/III trial.

Background: There are no approved oral disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of blarcamesine (ANAVEX®2-73), an orally available small-molecule activator of the sigma-1 receptor (SIGMAR1) in early AD through restoration of cellular homeostasis including autophagy enhancement.

Design: ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 48-week Phase IIb/III trial.

Understanding the work-related challenges of organ and tissue donation coordinators during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method study.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the perceptions of donation coordinators in Canada and understand how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their work activities.

Design: A sequential mixed-method design incorporating a cross-sectional survey investigating demographic data, substance use and abuse and perceived stress related to the pandemic and semistructured qualitative interviews to further investigate those.

Setting: Organ donation organisations across Canada.

Modified Delphi Consensus on Interventions for Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: A Canadian Expert Perspective.

Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is a prevalent adverse effect of radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer, and there is a lack of high-quality data regarding its prevention and management. This study employs a systematic and iterative process to compile the perspectives of Canadian radiation oncology, nursing, and dermatology experts, aiming to establish consensus-based recommendations for the prevention and management of ARD in breast cancer patients. A modified Delphi consensus was conducted with the participation of 19 experts from across Canada.

Patient and Healthcare Provider Perspectives on Showering for Patients With Hemodialysis Central Venous Catheters: A Survey Study.

Rationale & Objective: Patients on hemodialysis using a central venous catheter (CVC) are often advised not to shower due to infection risk. This study aimed to assess practices and attitudes of patients and healthcare providers about showering with CVCs.

Study Design: Survey study.

Marriage and postpartum major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Many studies have explored the relationships between demographic variables and postpartum major depressive disorder. However, there is no clear conclusion on the impact of different marital statuses and quality on postpartum major depressive disorder. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the combined effects of different marital status and quality on postpartum major depressive disorder with cohort studies.

Efficacy and safety of single-branched stent graft in the treatment of type B aortic dissection: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background: Thoracic aortic endovascular repair (TEVAR) is the most commonly employed method for treating type B aortic dissection (TBAD). One of the primary challenges in TEVAR is the reconstruction of the left subclavian artery (LSA). Various revascularization strategies have been utilized, including branch stent techniques, fenestration techniques, chimney techniques, and hybrid techniques.